ALBERT

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1 A GIS-based framework for modeling and global design of Earth systems ; 2 Geoinformatics for climate change research ; 3 Reactions of mountain glaciers to climate change - a remote sensing approach ; 4 Geoinformatics and the mapping of Lands vulnerable to sea level rise ; 5 Geospatial tools to assess forest ecosystems under climate change trajectories ; 6 Geoinformatics for comprehensive impact assessment and analysis of climate change for integrated water resources management ; 7 Climate - Population - Energy: Prognoses for 2050 ; 8 Geoprocessing for soft mapping of sparse and inaccurate evapotranspiration data ; 9 Impact of climate variability on human health ; 10 Geo-information-based approach for monitoring climate-induced land degradation in Nigeria ; 11 Assessing Land surface temperature over Bangladesh using MODIS satellite images - an indicator of climate change ; 12 High resolution climate change scenarios for Morocco for the 21st century ; 13 GIScience tools for climate change related natural hazards and modeling ; 14 Spatial data infrastructure convergence: Building SDI bridges to address climate change ; 15 Geoinformatics for Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction ; 16 Geoinformatics and communication technologies for climate change hazards: Musing beyond the technical issues

Description / Table of Contents: The Holocene is unique when compared to earlier geological time in that humans begin to alter and manipulate the natural environment to their own needs. Domestication of crops and animals and the resultant intensification of agriculture lead to profound changes in the impact humans have on the environment. Conversely, as human populations began to increase geologic and climatic factors begin to have a greater impact on civilizations. To understand and reconstruct the complex interplay between humans and the environment over the past ten thousand years requires examination of multiple differing but interconnected aspects of the environment and involves geomorphology, paleoecology, geoarchaeology and paleoclimatology. These Springer Briefs volumes examine the dynamic interplay between humans and the natural environment as reconstructed by the many and varied sub-fields of the Earth Sciences. Table of contens: Foreword by Michelle Goman.- Genesis of an artifact layer at the La Playa archaeological site, Sonora, Mexico.- Quaternary stratigraphy of the La Playa archaeological site, Northern Sonora, Mexico.- The Red River raft and its sedimentological implications.

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Prologue ; Introduction to the character of this report and main messages ; Part I: Summary and Recommendations ; 1 Summary: Rethinking sustainability governance ; 2. Recommendations ; Part II: Transgovernance - the Quest for Governance of Sustainable Development ; 3. Introduction to the building blocks of transgovernance ; 4. Diversity breeds diversity (Diversity controls diversity) ; 5. Roadmaps, labyrinths or recommendations?

Description / Table of Contents: AA-LAVA.- Accelerometer.- Acid Rain.- Adaptation.- Airphoto and Satellite Imagery.- Albedo.- Antecedent Conditions.- Arsenic in Groundwater.- Asteroid.- Asteroid Impact.- Asteroid Impact Mitigation.- Asteroid Impact Predictions.- Automated Local Evaluation in Real Time (ALERT).- Avalanches.- Aviation (Hazards to).- Avulsion.- Base Surge.- Beach Nourishment (Replenishment).- Beaufort Wind Scale.- Biblical Events.- Body Wave.- Breakwaters.- Building Code.- Building Failure.- Buildings, Structures, and Public Safety.- Calderas.- Casualties Following Natural Hazards.- Challenges to Agriculture.- Civil Protection and Crisis Management.- Classification of Natural Disasters.- Climate Change.- Cloud Seeding.- Coal Fire (Underground).- Coastal Erosion.- Coastal Zone Risk Management.- Cognitive Dissonance.- Collapsing Soil Hazards.- Comet.- Communicating Emergency Information.- Community Management of Natural Hazards.- Complexity Theory.- Concrete Structures.- Convergence.- Coping Capacity.- Cost-Benefit Analysis of Natural Hazard Mitigation.- Costs (Economic) of Natural Hazards and Disasters.- Creep.- Critical Incident Stress Syndrome.- Critical Infrastructure.- Cryological Engineering.- Cultural Heritage and Natural Hazards.- Damage and the Built Environment.- Debris Avalanche.- Debris Flow.- Deep-seated Gravitational Slope Deformation.- Desertification.- Disaster Diplomacy.- Disaster Relief.- Disaster Research and Policy, History.- Disaster Risk Management.- Disaster Risk Reduction.- Disasters.- Dispersive Soil Hazards.- Doppler Weather Radar.- Dose Rate.- Drought.- Dust Bowl.- Dust Devil.- Dust Storm.- Dvorak Classification of Hurricanes.- Early Warning Systems.- Earthquake.- Earthquake Damage.- Earthquake Prediction and Forecasting.- Earthquake Resistant Design.- Economic Valuation of Life.- Economics of Disasters.- Education and Training for Emergency Preparedness.- Elastic Rebound Theory.- Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR).- El Niño/Southern Oscillation.- Emergency Management.- Emergency Mapping.- Emergency Planning.- Emergency Shelter.- Epicenter.- Epidemiology of Disease in Natural Disasters.- Erosion.- Erosivity.- Eruption Types (Volcanic Eruptions).- Evacuation.- Expansive Soils and Clays.- Expert (Knowledge-Based) Systems for Disaster Management.- Exposure to Natural Hazards.- Extensometers.- Extinction.- Extreme Value Theory.- Eyjafjallajökull Eruptions 2010.- Fault.- Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA).- Fetch.- Fire and Firestorms.- Flash Flood.- Flood Deposits.- Flood Hazard and Disaster.- Flood Protection.- Flood Stage.- Floodplain.- Floodway.- Fog Hazard Mitigation.- Fog Hazards.- Föhn.- Forest and Range Fires.- Frequency and Magnitude of Events.- Frost Hazard.- Fujita Tornado Scale.- Fumarole.- Galeras Volcano, Colombia.- Gas-Hydrates.- Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Natural Hazards.- Geographic Information Technology.- Geohazards.- Geological/Geophysical Disasters.- Glacier Hazards.- Global Change and its Implications for Natural Disasters.- Global Dust.- Global Network of Civil Society Organizations for Disaster Reduction.- Global Positioning Systems (GPS) and Natural Hazards.- Global Seismograph Network (GSN).- Haiti Earthquake 2010: Psychosocial Impacts.- Harmonic Tremor.- Hazard.- Hazard and Risk Mapping.- Hazardousness of a Place.- Heat Waves.- High-Rise Buildings in Natural Disaster.- Historical Events.- Hospitals in Disaster.- Human Impacts of Hazards.- Humanity as an Agent of Natural Disasters.- Hurricane (Typhoon, Cyclone).- Hurricane Katrina.- Hydrocompaction Subsidence.- Hydrograph, Flood.- Hydrometeorological Hazards.- Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015.- Hypocenter.- Ice and Icebergs.- Ice Storms.- Impact Airblast.- Impact Ejecta.- Impact Fireball.- Impact Firestorms.- Impact Tsunamis.- Impact Winter.- Inclinometers.- Indian Ocean Tsunami, 2004.- Induced Seismicity.- Information and Communication Technology.- Insect Hazards.- Insurance.- Integrated Emergency Management System.- Intensity Scales.- International Strategies for Disaster Reduction (IDNDR and ISDR).- Internet, World Wide Web and Natural Hazards.- Isoseismal.- Jökulhlaups.- Karst Hazards.- Krakatoa (Krakatau).- Lahar.- Land Degradation.- Land Subsidence.- Land Use, Urbanization, and Natural Hazards.- Landsat Satellite.- Landslide.- Landslide Dam.- Landslide Impacts.- Landslide Inventory.- Landslide Triggered Tsunami, Displacement Wave.- Landslide Types.- Land-Use Planing.- Lateral Spreading.- Lava.- Levee.- Lightning.- Liquefaction.- Livelihoods and Disasters.- Loess.- Macroseismic Survey.- Magma.- Magnitude Measures.- Marginality.- Marine Hazards.- Mass Media and Natural Disasters.- Mass Movement.- Megacities and Natural Hazards.- Mega-Fires in Greece (2007).- Mercalli, Giuseppe (1850-1914).- Meteorite.- Methane Release from Hydrate.- Mining Subsidence Induced Fault Reactivation.- Misconceptions About Natural Disaster.- Mitigation.- Modified Mercalli (MM) Scale.- Monitoring Natural Hazards.- Monsoons.- Montserrat Eruptions.- Mortality and Injury in Natural Disasters.- Mt Pinatubo.- Mud Volcanoes.- Mudflow.- Myths and Misconceptions in Disasters.- Natural Hazard.- Natural Hazards in Developing Countries.- Natural Radioactivity.- Neotectonics.- Nevado del Ruiz Volcano, Colombia 1985.- North Anatolian Fault.- Nuée Ardente.- Overgrazing.- Ozone.- Ozone Loss.- Pacific Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System (PTWS).- Pahoehoe Lava.- Paleoflood Hydrology.- Paleoseismology.- Paraglacial.- Perception of Natural Hazards and Disasters.- Permafrost.- Piezometer.- Piping Hazard.- Planning Measures and Political Aspects.- Plate Tectonics.- Pore-Water Pressure.- Post Disaster Mass Care Needs.- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).- Primary Wave (P-Wave).- Probable Maximum Flood (PMF).- Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP).- Psychological Impacts of Natural Disasters.- Pyroclastic Flow.- Queensland Floods (2010-2011) and Tweeting.- Quick Clay.- Quick Sand.- Radiation Hazards.- Radon Hazards.- Recovery and Reconstruction After Disaster.- Recurrence Interval.- Red Cross and Red Crescent.- Red Tides.- Reflections on Modeling Disaster.- Release Rates.- Religion and Hazards.- Remote Sensing of Natural Hazards and Disasters.- Reservoir, Dams, and Seismicity.- Resilience.- Richter, Charles Francis (1900-1985).- Rights and Obligations in International Humanitarian Assistance.- Rip Current.- Risk.- Risk Assessment.- Risk Governance.- Risk Perception and Communication.- Rock Avalanche (Sturzstrom).- Rockfall.- Rogue Wave.- Rotational Seismology.- Sackung.- Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Intensity Scale.- San Andreas Fault.- Santorini, Eruption.- Sea Level Change.- Secondary Wave (S-Wave).- Sedimentation of Reservoirs.- Seiche.- Seismic Gap.- Seismograph/Seismometer.- Seismology.- Shear.- Shield Volcano.- Sinkhole.- Slide and Slump.- Slope Stability.- Snowstorm and Blizzard.- Social-Ecological Systems.- Sociology of Disaster.- Solar Flares.- Solifluction.- Space Weather.- Storm Surges.- Storms.- Stratovolcanoes.- Structural Damage Caused by Earthquakes.- Structural Mitigation.- Subduction.- Subsidence Induced by Underground Extraction.- Sunspots.- Supernova.- Surge.- Susceptibility.- Tangshan, China (1976 Earthquake).- Tectonic and Tectono-Seismic Hazards.- Tectonic Tremor.- Thunderstorms.- Tidal Bores.- Tiltmeters.- Time and Space in Disaster.- Tohoku, Japan (2011 Earthquake and Tsunami).- Torino Scale.- Tornadoes.- Triggered Earthquakes.- Tsunami.- Tsunami Loads on Infrastructure.- Uncertainty.- United Nations Organizations and Natural Disasters.- Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE).- Unreinforced Masonry Buildings.- Urban Environments and Natural Hazards.- Usoi Landslide and Lake Sarez.- Vaiont Landslide, Italy.- Vesuvius.- Volcanic Ash.- Volcanic Gas.- Volcanoes and Volcanic Eruptions.- Vulnerability.- Warning Systems.- Waterspout.- Wenchuan, China (2008 Earthquake).- Wildfire.- World Economy, Impact of Disasters.- Worldwide Trends in Natural Disasters.- Zoning

Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Part 1 Climate Physics ; The Greenhouse Effect ; Wagging the Dog ; By the Light of the Silvery Moon ; Radiative Transfer ; The Balance of Energy ; The Birth of the General Circulation Model ; Aerosols ; Ocean Heat and Committed Warming ; Taking Earth's Temperature ; Ice Sheets and Sea Level ; The Public Statement ; PART 2 Carbon Cycle ; The Sky is Rising ; Denial and Acceptance ; Bookends ; One if by Land ; Two if by Sea ; Ocean pH ; Tiny Bubbles ; Index

Description / Table of Contents: This book describes how the arrangement and movement of atoms in a solid are related to the forces between atoms, and how they affect the behaviour and properties of materials. The book is intended for final year undergraduate students and graduate students in physics and materials science. This book is concerned with a wide range of general principles that govern the behaviour of atoms in solids, and these principles are applied to the full range of types of materials known to man. The dual focus is on the structures of materials at an atomic level and on how the atoms vibrate inside solids. This dual focus comes together to explore how the atomic principles determine the behaviour and properties of materials. Attention is also given to experimental methods. The general principles include the factors that determine the packing of atoms to form the huge variety of structures, the formal description of real and reciprocal space, the types of atomic bonding, the formalism of atomic vibrations, and the theories of phase transitions. The tools covered include diffraction and spectroscopy, both laboratory and large-scale facilities. Contents: 1. Introduction; 2. Structure of materials; 3. Formal description of crystal structures; 4. The reciprocal lattice; 5. Atomic bonding in crystals; 6. Diffraction; 7. Physical properties; 8. Lattice dynamics; 10. Experimental methods for measurements of vibrational frequencies; 11. Anharmonic interactions; 12. Displacive phase transitions; A. Real crystals!; B. Fourier analysis; C. Schoenflies representation of the point groups; D. Rhombohedral, trigonal and hexagonal unit cells; E. Space groups; F. Lattice energy minimization; G. Some note on the variational theorem; H. Ewald Sphere; I. The Wilson Plot; J. Diffraction from isotropic materials; K. Calculation of physical properties; L. Partition function: some key results; M. Lattice sums; N. Mean-square atomic displacement and temperature factors

Description / Table of Contents: Content: I. PRINCIPLES OF MICROBIOLOGY 1. Microorganisms and Microbiology 2. A Brief Journey to the Microbial World 3. Cell Structure and Function in Bacteria and Archaea II. METABOLISM AND GROWTH 4. Nutrition, Culture, and Metabolism of Microorganisms 5. Microbial Growth III. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND GENE EXPRESSION 6. Molecular Biology of Bacteria 7. Archael and Eukaryotic Molecular Biology 8. Regulation of Gene Expression IV. VIROLOGY, GENETICS, AND GENOMICS 9. Viruses and Virology 10. Genetics of Bacteria and Arachaea 11. Genetic Engineering 12. Microbial Genomics V. METABOLIC DIVERSITY AND COMMERICAL BIOCATALYSES 13. Phototrophy, Chemolithotrophy, and Major Biosyntheses 14. Catabolism of Organic Compounds 15. Commercial Products and Biotechnology VI. MICROBIAL EVOLUTION AND DIVERSITY 16. Microbial Evolution and Systematics 17.Bacteria: The Proteobacteria 18. Other Bacteria 19. Archaea 20. Eukaryotic Cell Biology and Eukaryotic Microorganisms 21. Viral Diversity VII. Microbial Ecology 22. Methods in Microbial Ecology 23. Major Microbial Habitats and Diversity 24. Nutrient Cycles, Biodegradation, and Bioremediation 25. Microbial Symbioses VIII. ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND PATHOGENICITY 26. Microbial Growth Control 27. Microbial Interactions with Humans IX. IMMUNOLOGY 28. Immunity and Host Defense 29. Immune Mechanisms 30. Molecular Immunology X. DIAGNOSING AND TRACKING MICROBIAL DISEASES 31. Diagnostic Microbiology and Immunology 32. Epidemiology XI. HUMAN- AND ANIMAL-TRANSMITTED INFECTIOUS DISEASES 33. Person-to-Person Microbial Diseases 34. Vectorborne and Soilborne Microbial Pathogens XII. COMMON SOURCE INFECTIOUS DISEASE 35. Wastewater Treatment, Water Purification, and Waterborne Microbial Diseases 36. Food Preservation and Foodborne Microbial Diseases Appendices 1 and 2 Glossary Index