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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 47 (1982), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Frankfurters (3 replications of 4.54 kg meat batches) were conventionally made. Paired sides from beef were used for control (NES) and electrically stimulated (ES) meats (clods, flanks and plates). All-beef frankfurters (100% ES beef or 100% NES beef) and beef-pork frankfurters (80% ES beef-20% pork or 80% NES beef-20% pork) were made. The pork was not electrically stimulated. Proximate composition within cut of beef (plate, flank, clod) was not affected (P 〉 0.05) by ES. However, ES clods had (numerically) greater percentages of expressible juice loss, greater percentages of salt-soluble protein and lower percentages of juice loss during cooking than did NES clods (not statistically different). Use of ES beef alone or in combination with 20% pork did not affect external visual color, off-flavor, overall desirability or processing shrinkage of frankfurters. ES may affect certain properties (raw and cooked muscles) as measured in the laboratory, but when these ES muscles are used to make frankfurters, no real advantages or disadvantages were suggested by this study.
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  • 2
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    Honolulu, etc. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Pacific Affairs. 56:3 (1983:Fall) 538 
    ISSN: 0030-851X
    Topics: Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Book Reviews
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  • 3
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    Honolulu, etc. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Pacific Affairs. 53:2 (1980:Summer) 322 
    ISSN: 0030-851X
    Topics: Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Book Reviews
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  • 4
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    Honolulu, etc. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Pacific Affairs. 54:4 (1981/1982:Winter) 688 
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  • 5
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    Honolulu, etc. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Pacific Affairs. 54:1 (1981:Spring) 148 
    ISSN: 0030-851X
    Topics: Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Book Reviews
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 144 (1981), S. 335-343 
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Prolonged stimulation of the motor axon of the opener and stretcher muscles of the crayfish claw leads to long-term facilitation (LTF) of transmitter release at the neuromuscular junction. This facilitation is correlated with enhancement of tension development. Factors shown to enhance LTF of transmitter release, such as increased frequency of excitation, lower temperature, and exposure to ouabain also enhance tension development (Figs. 1, 2 and 4). Prolonged stimulation delivered in a bursting pattern enhances the development of tension more than an equivalent amount of stimulation delivered in a regular pattern (Fig. 3). Two circulating neurohormones, serotonin and octopamine, were examined for their effect on the development of tension during short and long periods of muscle activation. Serotonin and LTF of transmitter release appear to have an additive effect on the development of tension. The threshold for a detectable serotonin effect is 10−10 M. The effect of octopamine on the development of tension appears to be enhanced by longer periods of maintained muscle activation. LTF of transmitter release resulting from 5 min of continuous activation at 15 Hz is accompanied by a drop in the threshold of an observable octopamine effect on tension from 10−9Mto 10−10 M. It is proposed that octopamine's trophic effects on metabolism in muscle act to sustain muscular performance during maintained activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 143 (1981), S. 53-60 
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. The generation of long term facilitation (LTF), a form of synaptic facilitation in Crustacea that results from maintained synaptic activity, is established for the first time in an intact animal. Facilitation of stretcher muscle myogram amplitude could be monitored in crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) while stimulating the excitor motoneuron in both intact animals and isolated preparations (Figs. 2, 3). 2. At an average stimulation frequency of 8 Hz, colder temperatures enhance the development of LTF, monitored either intracellularly or by myogram (Figs. 1, 2). Neuromuscular depression counteracts the effects of LTF on myogram amplitude at extremely cold temperatures (5 °C, Fig. 4), or after extended stimulation periods at less cold temperatures (10 °C). Less LTF and negligible depression are detected during stimulation at warmer temperatures (15 °–20 °C). 3. LTF is produced most effectively at and below the acclimation temperature. The temperature range favouring effective LTF development shifts with a decrease in acclimation temperature. Animals acclimated at a low temperature (7 °C) and tested at 15 °C show less rapid onset of LTF than animals acclimated at 17 °C. In addition, cold-acclimated animals show reduced ability to generate LTF at warmer temperatures and delayed onset of neuromuscular depression at cold temperatures. 4. Orconectes virilis, a northern crayfish, studied in vitro, accomplishes nearly complete compensation of LTF development during cold acclimation (Fig. 6). At warm test temperatures, cold-acclimated animals show much reduced LTF. 5. Procambarus, a crayfish from temperate regions, exhibits partial compensation of LTF development during cold acclimation when tested in vitro (Fig. 5). There is little reduction of LTF at warmer temperatures after cold acclimation. Temperature compensation is more complete in intactProcambarus than in the isolated claw (Fig. 4). 6. It is concluded that LTF can serve as a mechanism to enhance neuromuscular performance at low temperatures, and that the temperature range over which LTF appears can be modified by thermal acclimation.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 305 (1983), S. 582-582 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A RECENT paper by David Stevenson and his colleagues1 attempts to account for the properties (or absence) of intrinsic magnetic fields in the terrestrial planets - Earth, Mercury, Venus and Mars - in terms of their composition, internal structure and thermal history. Except in the case of Earth, ...
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 309 (1984), S. 115-115 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IT has long been tempting to suppose that there is a correlation between changes in the Earth's magnetic field, whose origin lies in the Earth's core, and events at the Earth's surface, but there has been little convincing evidence of such a correlation (see refs 1 and 2 for a sceptical view). ...
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 299 (1982), S. 535-536 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The IUE spectra were processed at the University College London Starlink node using the standard analysis programs STAK and TRAK. In Fig. 1 we compare the region of the Bi II resonance line at 1,436.83 A in SWP images of three stars: HR7775, i CrB (Hg-Mn) and v Cap (normal B9.5 V). The spectra of ...
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