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  • 2015-2019  (1,538)
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  • 1
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    Inhibition of the electron cyclotron maser instability in the dense magnetosphere of a hot Jupiter (2018)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-22
    Description: Hot Jupiter (HJ) type exoplanets are expected to produce strong radio emission in the MHz range via the electron cyclotron maser instability (ECMI). To date, no repeatable detections have been made. To explain the absence of observational results, we conduct three-dimensional adaptive mess refinement (AMR) magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the magnetic interactions between a solar type star and HJ using the publicly available code pluto. The results are used to calculate the efficiency of the ECMI at producing detectable radio emission from the planets magnetosphere. We also calculate the frequency of the ECMI emission, providing an upper and lower bounds, placing it at the limits of detectability due to Earth’s ionospheric cutoff of ∼10 MHz. The incident kinetic and magnetic power available to the ECMI is also determined, and a flux of 0.069 mJy for an observer at 10 pc is calculated. The magnetosphere is also characterized and an analysis of the bow shock, which forms upstream of the planet, is conducted. This shock corresponds to the thin shell model for a colliding wind system. A result consistent with a colliding wind system. The simulation results show that the ECMI process is completely inhibited by the planets expanding atmosphere, due to absorption of UV radiation from the host star. The density, velocity, temperature and magnetic field of the planetary wind are found to result in a magnetosphere where the plasma frequency is raised above that due to the ECMI process making the planet undetectable at radio MHz frequencies.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society.
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
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    Microbial Electrochemical Energy Storage and Recovery in a Combined Electrotrophic and Electrogenic Biofilm (2017)
    American Chemical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-08-25
    Electronic ISSN: 2328-8930
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by American Chemical Society
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  • 3
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    Seabird bycatch in Chile: a synthesis of its impacts, and a review of strategies to contribute to the reduction of a global phenomen. (2015)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Chile holds globally important colonies of endangered and endemic seabird species, and globally vulnerable nonbreeding species visit its waters. One of the major threats for seabirds in Chilean waters is the impact of fishing activities, both industrial and artisanal, which overlap with seabird breeding and foraging areas. Bycatch in fisheries threatens 27 identified species and two groups of unidentified albatrosses and penguins, with the Black-browed Albatross Thalassarche melanophrys as the species most related to bycatch events. Responding to the international call for the voluntary adoption of a plan to reduce the impacts of fisheries on seabirds, Chile generated a National Plan of Action (PAN-AM/Chile) to monitor seabird bycatch, and to mitigate threats to seabirds with emphasis on industrial longline fisheries. Following the successful reduction of seabird bycatch in the demersal longline fishery for Patagonian toothfish Dissostichus eleginoides , with zero individuals caught during 2006, Chile is extending the PAN-AM/Chile to include other fisheries that use gear known to cause incidental mortality, such as trawl, purse seine, and gillnets. This initiative is supported by actions associated with the creation of a national scientific committee for biodiversity, and new collaborative research platforms under the auspices of the Chilean Undersecretariat for Fisheries and Aquaculture
    Description: Chile cuenta con importantes colonias a nivel global de especies de aves marinas endémicas y en peligro, así como especies no reproductivas globalmente vulnerables que visitan sus aguas. Una de las mayores amenazas para las aves marinas en aguas chilenas es el impacto de las actividades pesqueras, tanto industriales y artesanales, las cuales se sobreponen con áreas de reproducción y alimentación de aves marinas. Estas amenazan 27 especies identificadas y dos grupos de albatross y pingüinos no identificados, con el Albatros de ceja negra Thalassarche melanophrys como la especie más relacionada a eventos de captura incidental. Respondiendo al llamado internacional para la adopción voluntaria de un plan para reducir los impactos de las pesquerías en aves marinas, Chile generó un Plan de Acción Nacional (PAN-AM/Chile) para monitorear la captura incidental de aves marinas y mitigar amenazas con énfasis en pesquerías industriales de palangre. Seguido a la exitosa reducción de la captura incidental en la pesquería demersal de palangre para Bacalao de profundidad Dissostichus eleginoides, con cero individuos capturados durante 2006, Chile está ampliando el PAN-AM/Chile para incluir otras pesquerías que usan artes de pesca con conocida mortalidad incidental, tales como arrastre, cerco y redes agalleras.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Seabirds ; By catch
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Not Known
    Format: pp.1-12
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 4
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    Phosphorylation-dependent inhibition of Cdc42 GEF Gef1 by 14-3-3 protein Rad24 spatially regulates Cdc42 GTPase activity and oscillatory dynamics during cell morphogenesis (2015)
    American Society for Cell Biology
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2015. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Molecular Biology of the Cell 26 (2015): 3520-3534, doi:10.1091/mbc.E15-02-0095.
    Description: Active Cdc42 GTPase, a key regulator of cell polarity, displays oscillatory dynamics that are anticorrelated at the two cell tips in fission yeast. Anticorrelation suggests competition for active Cdc42 or for its effectors. Here we show how 14-3-3 protein Rad24 associates with Cdc42 guanine exchange factor (GEF) Gef1, limiting Gef1 availability to promote Cdc42 activation. Phosphorylation of Gef1 by conserved NDR kinase Orb6 promotes Gef1 binding to Rad24. Loss of Rad24–Gef1 interaction increases Gef1 protein localization and Cdc42 activation at the cell tips and reduces the anticorrelation of active Cdc42 oscillations. Increased Cdc42 activation promotes precocious bipolar growth activation, bypassing the normal requirement for an intact microtubule cytoskeleton and for microtubule-dependent polarity landmark Tea4-PP1. Further, increased Cdc42 activation by Gef1 widens cell diameter and alters tip curvature, countering the effects of Cdc42 GTPase-activating protein Rga4. The respective levels of Gef1 and Rga4 proteins at the membrane define dynamically the growing area at each cell tip. Our findings show how the 14-3-3 protein Rad24 modulates the availability of Cdc42 GEF Gef1, a homologue of mammalian Cdc42 GEF DNMBP/TUBA, to spatially control Cdc42 GTPase activity and promote cell polarization and cell shape emergence.
    Description: Work in F.V.’s laboratory is supported by National Institutes of Health R01 Grant GM095867. Part of this work was also supported by National Science Foundation Grant 0745129. J.R.Y. is supported by National Institutes of Health Grants P41 GM103533 and R01 MH 067880.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 5
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    Vulnerability of coral reefs to bioerosion from land-based sources of pollution (2018)
    John Wiley & Sons
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: This paper is not subject to U.S. copyright. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 122 (2017): 9319–9331, doi:10.1002/2017JC013264.
    Description: Ocean acidification (OA), the gradual decline in ocean pH and [ inline image] caused by rising levels of atmospheric CO2, poses a significant threat to coral reef ecosystems, depressing rates of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) production, and enhancing rates of bioerosion and dissolution. As ocean pH and [ inline image] decline globally, there is increasing emphasis on managing local stressors that can exacerbate the vulnerability of coral reefs to the effects of OA. We show that sustained, nutrient rich, lower pH submarine groundwater discharging onto nearshore coral reefs off west Maui lowers the pH of seawater and exposes corals to nitrate concentrations 50 times higher than ambient. Rates of coral calcification are substantially decreased, and rates of bioerosion are orders of magnitude higher than those observed in coral cores collected in the Pacific under equivalent low pH conditions but living in oligotrophic waters. Heavier coral nitrogen isotope (δ15N) values pinpoint not only site-specific eutrophication, but also a sewage nitrogen source enriched in 15N. Our results show that eutrophication of reef seawater by land-based sources of pollution can magnify the effects of OA through nutrient driven-bioerosion. These conditions could contribute to the collapse of coastal coral reef ecosystems sooner than current projections predict based only on ocean acidification.
    Description: USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program
    Keywords: Submarine groundwater ; Nutrients ; Bioerosion ; Coral reefs ; Aragonite saturation ; Wastewater
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 6
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    Community metabolism in shallow coral reef and seagrass ecosystems, lower Florida Keys (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Turk, D; Yates, Kimberly Kaye; Vega-Rodriguez, M; Toro-Farmer, G; L'Esperance, Chris; Melo, N; Ramsewak, D; Dowd, M; Cerdeira Estrada, S; Muller-Karger, Frank E; Herwitz, SR; McGillis, W R (2015): Community metabolism in shallow coral reef and seagrass ecosystems, lower Florida Keys. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 538, 35-52, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps11385
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Description: Diurnal variation of net community production (NEP) and net community calcification (NEC) were measured in coral reef and seagrass biomes during October 2012 in the lower Florida Keys using a mesocosm enclosure and the oxygen gradient flux technique. Seagrass and coral reef sites showed diurnal variations of NEP and NEC, with positive values at near-seafloor light levels 〉100-300 µEinstein/m**2/s. During daylight hours, we detected an average NEP of 12.3 and 8.6 mmol O2/m**2/h at the seagrass and coral reef site, respectively. At night, NEP at the seagrass site was relatively constant, while on the coral reef, net respiration was highest immediately after dusk and decreased during the rest of the night. At the seagrass site, NEC values ranged from 0.20 g CaCO3 /m**2/h during daylight to -0.15 g CaCO3/m**2/h at night, and from 0.17 to -0.10 g CaCO3/m**2/h at the coral reef site. There were no significant differences in pH and aragonite saturation states (Omega ar) between the seagrass and coral reef sites. Decrease in light levels during thunderstorms significantly decreased NEP, transforming the system from net autotrophic to net heterotrophic.
    Keywords: North Atlantic
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 7
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    Net community production in shallow coral reef ecosystem, lower Florida Keys (2017)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-11-24
    Keywords: Conductivity; DATE/TIME; Description; EXP; Experiment; Irradiance; LATITUDE; Latitude 2; LONGITUDE; Longitude 2; Net community production of oxygen; Oxygen; Quality flag; Reef_Sugarloaf_Key; Salinity; Temperature, water
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 80718 data points
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  • 8
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    Net community production in shallow seagrass ecosystem, lower Florida Keys (2017)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-11-24
    Keywords: Conductivity; DATE/TIME; Description; EXP; Experiment; Irradiance; LATITUDE; Latitude 2; LONGITUDE; Longitude 2; Net community production of oxygen; Oxygen; Quality flag; Salinity; Seagrass_Sugarloaf_Key; Temperature, water
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 56867 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 9
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    Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) V5 (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Bakker, Dorothee C E; O'Brien, Kevin M; Pfeil, Benjamin; Currie, Kim I; Kozyr, Alexander; Landa, Camilla S; Lauvset, Siv K; Metzl, Nicolas; Nakaoka, Shin-Ichiro; Nojiri, Yukihiro; Nonaka, Isao; Olsen, Are; Omar, Abdirahman M; Pierrot, Denis; Saito, Shu; Smith, Karl; Sutton, Adrienne; Sullivan, Kevin; Tilbrook, Bronte; Wanninkhof, Rik; Akl, John; Alin, Simone R; Barbero, Leticia; Barrera, Kira E; Beaumont, Laurence; Becker, Meike; Bernard, Christophe; Bott, Randy; Byrne, Robert; Cai, Wei-Jun; Cosca, Catherine E; Cross, Jessica; Daly, Kendra L; Danguy, Théo; De Carlo, Eric Heinen; Dietrich, Colin; Feely, Richard A; Fiedler, Björn; Glockzin, Michael; Gove, Matthew D; Goyet, Catherine; Guillot, Antoine; Hales, Burke; Hartman, Sue E; Herndon, Julian; Hoppema, Mario; Humphreys, Matthew P; Hunt, Christopher W; Huss, Betty; Hydes, David; Ibánhez, J Severino P; Ishii, Masao; Johannessen, Truls; Jones, Steve D; Kitidis, Vassilis; Knorr, Paul O; Körtzinger, Arne; Kosugi, Naohiro; Lee, Charity M; Lefèvre, Nathalie; Lo Monaco, Claire; Liu, Xuewu; Maenner, Stacy M; Manke, Ansley; Manzello, Derek P; Mathis, Jeremy T; Mickett, John; Millero, Frank J; Monacci, Natalie; Monteiro, Pedro; Morell, Julio; Munro, David R; Musielewicz, Sylvia; Neill, Craig; Newberger, Timothy; Newton, Jan; Noakes, Scott; Noh, Jae Hoon; Ohman, Mark; Ólafsdóttir, Sólveig Rósa; Ólafsson, Jón; Osborne, John; Padín, Xose Antonio; Rehder, Gregor; Reimer, Janet J; Robbins, Lisa L; Rutgersson, Anna; Sabine, Christopher L; Salisbury, Joe; Sasano, Daisuke; Schlitzer, Reiner; Schuster, Ute; Send, Uwe; Sieger, Rainer; Skjelvan, Ingunn; Steinhoff, Tobias; Sutherland, Stewart C; Sweeney, Colm; Takahashi, Taro; Telszewski, Maciej; Vandemark, Doug; van Heuven, Steven; Wallace, Douglas WR; Woosley, Ryan J; Wynn, Jonathan G; Yates, Kimberly Kaye (in prep.): Version 5 of the Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT).
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-17
    Description: The Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) is a synthesis activity by the international marine carbon research community (〉100 contributors). SOCAT version 5 has 21.5 million quality-controlled, surface ocean fCO2 (fugacity of carbon dioxide) observations from 1957 to 2017 for the global oceans and coastal seas. Calibrated sensor data are also available. Automation allows annual, public releases. SOCAT data is discoverable, accessible and citable. SOCAT enables quantification of the ocean carbon sink and ocean acidification and evaluation of ocean biogeochemical models. SOCAT, which celebrates its 10th anniversary in 2017, represents a milestone in biogeochemical and climate research and in informing policy.
    Keywords: SOCAT; Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas Project
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 823 datasets
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  • 10
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and bioerosion of croal reef (2017)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Ocean acidification (OA), the gradual decline in ocean pH and [CO3 ] 2- caused by rising levels of atmospheric CO2, poses a significant threat to coral reef ecosystems, depressing rates of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) production, and enhancing rates of bioerosion and dissolution. As ocean pH and [CO3] 2- decline globally, there is increasing emphasis on managing local stressors that can exacerbate the vulnerability of coral reefs to the effects of OA. We show that sustained, nutrient rich, lower pH submarine groundwater discharging onto nearshore coral reefs off west Maui lowers the pH of seawater and exposes corals to nitrate concentrations 50 times higher than ambient. Rates of coral calcification are substantially decreased, and rates of bioerosion are orders of magnitude higher than those observed in coral cores collected in the Pacific under equivalent low pH conditions but living in oligotrophic waters. Heavier coral nitrogen isotope (delta15N) values pinpoint not only site-specific eutrophication, but also a sewage nitrogen source enriched in 15N. Our results show that eutrophication of reef seawater by land-based sources of pollution can magnify the effects of OA through nutrient driven-bioerosion. These conditions could contribute to the collapse of coastal coral reef ecosystems sooner than current projections predict based only on ocean acidification.
    Keywords: Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bioerosion rate; Calcification/Dissolution; Calcification rate; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Core length; Density; DEPTH, water; Direction; Distance; Entire community; EXP; Experiment; Field observation; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Growth rate, standard deviation; Identification; Kahekili; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Nitrate; Nitrate, standard deviation; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Percentage; pH; pH, standard deviation; Replicates; Rocky-shore community; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; South Pacific; Temperature, water; Thickness; Tropical; Type; Years; δ15N; δ15N, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 191 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
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