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Seawater carbonate chemistry and growth of four North Atlantic bivalves (2019)

Gao, Guang ; Qu, Liming ; Burgess, J Grant ; [et al.]

PANGAEA

In: Supplement to: Gao, Guang; Qu, Liming; Burgess, J Grant; Li, Xinshu; Xu, Juntian (2019): Future CO2-induced ocean acidification enhances resilience of a green tide alga to low-salinity stress. ICES Journal of Marine Science, https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsz135

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Publication Date: 2024-03-15

Description: To understand how Ulva species might respond to salinity stress during future ocean acidification we cultured a green tide alga Ulva linza at various salinities (control salinity, 30 PSU; medium salinity, 20 PSU; low salinity, 10 PSU) and CO2 concentrations (400 and 1000 ppmv) for over 30 days. The results showed that, under the low salinity conditions, the thalli could not complete its whole life cycle. The specific growth rate (SGR) of juvenile thalli decreased significantly with reduced salinity but increased with a rise in CO2. Compared to the control, medium salinity also decreased the SGR of adult thalli at low CO2 but did not affect it at high CO2. Similar patterns were also found in relative electron transport rate (rETR), non-photochemical quenching, saturating irradiance, and Chl b content. Although medium salinity reduced net photosynthetic rate and maximum rETR at each CO2 level, these negative effects were significantly alleviated at high CO2 levels. In addition, nitrate reductase activity was reduced by medium salinity but enhanced by high CO2. These findings indicate that future ocean acidification would enhance U. linza's tolerance to low salinity stress and may thus facilitate the occurrence of green tides dominated by U. linza.

Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Carotenoids; Carotenoids, standard deviation; Chlorophyll a; Chlorophyll a, standard deviation; Chlorophyll b; Chlorophyll b, standard deviation; Chlorophyta; Coast and continental shelf; Electron transport rate, relative; Electron transport rate, relative, standard deviation; Electron transport rate efficiency; Electron transport rate efficiency, standard deviation; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Generation span; Generation span, standard deviation; Growth; Growth/Morphology; Growth rate, standard deviation; Irradiance; Laboratory experiment; Lianyungang; Light saturation point; Light saturation point, standard deviation; Macroalgae; Maximal electron transport rate, relative; Maximal electron transport rate, relative, standard deviation; Net photosynthesis rate, oxygen; Net photosynthesis rate, standard deviation; Nitrate reductase activity; Nitrate reductase activity, standard deviation; Non photochemical quenching; Non photochemical quenching, standard deviation; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; pH, standard deviation; Plantae; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Registration number of species; Respiration; Respiration rate, oxygen; Respiration rate, oxygen, standard deviation; Salinity; SeaLevel; Single species; Species; Stage; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; TGS; Tide gauge station; Treatment; Type; Ulva linza; Uniform resource locator/link to reference

Type: Dataset

Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1884 data points

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Seawater carbonate chemistry and immune function of the Pacific oyster against Vibrio splendidus challenge (2018)

Cao, Ruiwen ; Wang, Qing ; Yang, Dinglong ; [et al.]

PANGAEA

In: Supplement to: Cao, Ruiwen; Wang, Qing; Yang, Dinglong; Liu, Yongliang; Ran, Wen; Qu, Yi; Wu, Huifeng; Cong, Ming; Li, Fei; Ji, Chenglong; Zhao, Jianmin (2018): CO 2 -induced ocean acidification impairs the immune function of the Pacific oyster against Vibrio splendidus challenge: An integrated study from a cellular and proteomic perspective. Science of the Total Environment, 625, 1574-1583, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.056

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Publication Date: 2024-03-15

Description: Ocean acidification (OA) and pathogenic diseases pose a considerable threat to key species of marine ecosystem. However, few studies have investigated the combined impact of reduced seawater pH and pathogen challenge on the immune responses of marine invertebrates. In this study, Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, were exposed to OA (~2000 ppm) for 28 days and then challenged with Vibrio splendidus for another 72 h. Hemocyte parameters showed that V. splendidus infection exacerbated the impaired oyster immune responses under OA exposure. An iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis revealed that C. gigas responded differently to OA stress and V. splendidus challenge, alone or in combination. Generally, OA appears to act via a generalized stress response by causing oxidative stress, which could lead to cellular injury and cause disruption to the cytoskeleton, protein turnover, immune responses and energy metabolism. V. splendidus challenge in oysters could suppress the immune system directly and lead to a disturbed cytoskeleton structure, increased protein turnover and energy metabolism suppression, without causing oxidative stress. The combined OA- and V. splendidus-treated oysters ultimately presented a similar, but stronger proteomic response pattern compared with OA treatment alone. Overall, the impaired oyster immune functions caused by OA exposure may have increased the risk of V. splendidus infection. These results have important implications for the impact of OA on disease outbreaks in marine invertebrates, which would have significant economic and ecological repercussions.

Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Crassostrea gigas; Experiment duration; Fold change; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gene expression; Gene expression, standard deviation; Group; Hemocyte count; Hemocyte count, standard deviation; Immunology/Self-protection; Laboratory experiment; Mollusca; Name; North Pacific; Number of expressed proteins; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Percentage; Percentage, standard deviation; pH; pH, standard deviation; Phagocytosis rate; Phagocytosis rate, standard deviation; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Reactive oxygen species production; Reactive oxygen species production, standard deviation; Registration number of species; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Single species; Species; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference

Type: Dataset

Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1458 data points

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Seawater carbonate chemistry and Cu accumulation and cellular toxicity in the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas (2019)

Cao, Ruiwen ; Zhang, Tianyu ; Li, Xiao ; [et al.]

PANGAEA

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Publication Date: 2024-03-20

Description: Ocean acidification (OA) has been found to increase the release of free Cu2+ in seawater. However, only a handful of studies have investigated the influence of OA on Cu accumulation and cellular toxicity in bivalve species. In this study, Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, were exposed to 25 μg/L Cu2+ at three pH levels (8.1, 7.8 and 7.6) for 14 and 28 days. Physiological and histopathological parameters [(clearance rate (CR), respiration rate (RR), histopathological damage and condition index (CI)), oxidative stress and neurotoxicity biomarkers [superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione transferase (GST) activities, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity], combined with glycolytic enzyme activities [pyruvate kinase (PK) and hexokinase (HK)] were investigated in C. gigas. The bioconcentration of Cu was increased in soft tissues of Cu-exposed oysters under OA. Our results suggest that both OA and Cu could lead to physiological disturbance, oxidative stress, cellular damage, disturbance in energy metabolism and neurotoxicity in oysters. The inhibited CR, increased glycolytic enzymes activities and decreased CI suggested that the energy metabolism strategy adopted by oysters was not sustainable in the long term. Furthermore, integrated biomarker response (IBR) results found that OA and Cu exposure lead to severe stress to oysters, and co-exposure was the most stressful condition. Results from this study highlight the need to include OA in future environmental assessments of pollutants and hazardous materials to better elucidate the risks of those environmental perturbations.

Keywords: Acetylcholinesterase activity, standard deviation; Acetylcholinesterase activity, unit per protein mass; Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Behaviour; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Clearance rate; Clearance rate, standard deviation; Coast and continental shelf; Condition index; Condition index, standard deviation; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Copper; Copper, standard deviation; Crassostrea gigas; Experiment day; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Glutathione S-transferase activity, standard deviation; Glutathione S-transferase activity, unit per protein mass; Hexokinase activity, per protein mass; Hexokinase activity, standard deviation; Inorganic toxins; Integrated biomarker response index; Laboratory experiment; Lipid peroxidation, per protein; Lipid peroxidation, standard deviation; Mollusca; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other metabolic rates; Other studied parameter or process; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; pH, standard deviation; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Pyruvate kinase activity, per protein; Pyruvate kinase activity, standard deviation; Replicates; Respiration; Respiration rate, oxygen; Respiration rate, oxygen, standard deviation; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Single species; Species, unique identification; Species, unique identification (Semantic URI); Species, unique identification (URI); Superoxide dismutase activity, standard deviation; Superoxide dismutase activity, unit per protein mass; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Treatment; Type

Type: Dataset

Format: text/tab-separated-values, 732 data points

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Electrochemical Hydrogen Storage in Facile Synthesized Co@N-Doped Carbon Nanoparticle Composites (2017)

Zhou, Lina ; Qu, Xiaosheng ; Zheng, Dong ; [et al.]

American Chemical Society

In: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. 2017; 9(47): 41332-41338. Published 2017 Nov 15. doi: 10.1021/acsami.7b14163.

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Publication Date: 2017-11-15

Print ISSN: 1944-8244

Electronic ISSN: 1944-8252

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Published by American Chemical Society

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Functional genomics and phylogenetic evidence suggest genus-wide cobalamin production by the globally distributed marine nitrogen fixer Trichodesmium (2018)

Walworth, Nathan G. ; Lee, Michael D. ; Suffridge, Christopher ; [et al.]

Frontiers Media

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Publication Date: 2022-05-26

Description: © The Author(s), 2018. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Frontiers in Microbiology 9 (2018): 189, doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.00189.

Description: Only select prokaryotes can biosynthesize vitamin B12 (i.e., cobalamins), but these organic co-enzymes are required by all microbial life and can be vanishingly scarce across extensive ocean biomes. Although global ocean genome data suggest cyanobacteria to be a major euphotic source of cobalamins, recent studies have highlighted that 〉95% of cyanobacteria can only produce a cobalamin analog, pseudo-B12, due to the absence of the BluB protein that synthesizes the α ligand 5,6-dimethylbenzimidizole (DMB) required to biosynthesize cobalamins. Pseudo-B12 is substantially less bioavailable to eukaryotic algae, as only certain taxa can intracellularly remodel it to one of the cobalamins. Here we present phylogenetic, metagenomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and chemical analyses providing multiple lines of evidence that the nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium Trichodesmium transcribes and translates the biosynthetic, cobalamin-requiring BluB enzyme. Phylogenetic evidence suggests that the Trichodesmium DMB biosynthesis gene, bluB, is of ancient origin, which could have aided in its ecological differentiation from other nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria. Additionally, orthologue analyses reveal two genes encoding iron-dependent B12 biosynthetic enzymes (cbiX and isiB), suggesting that iron availability may be linked not only to new nitrogen supplies from nitrogen fixation, but also to B12 inputs by Trichodesmium. These analyses suggest that Trichodesmium contains the genus-wide genomic potential for a previously unrecognized role as a source of cobalamins, which may prove to considerably impact marine biogeochemical cycles.

Description: This work was funded by NSF research grants OCE-1260233, OCE-1260490, OCE-1657757, and OCE-143566.

Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server

Type: Article

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Photolyase-Like Catalytic Behavior of CeO2 (2019)

Tian, Zhimin ; Yao, Tianzhu ; Qu, Chaoyi ; [et al.]

American Chemical Society

In: Nano Letters. 2019; 19(11): 8270-8277. Published 2019 Oct 29. doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b03836.

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Publication Date: 2019-10-29

Print ISSN: 1530-6984

Electronic ISSN: 1530-6992

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics

Published by American Chemical Society

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Sensors, Vol. 15, Pages 21099-21113: Off-Grid DOA Estimation Using Alternating Block Coordinate Descent in Compressed Sensing (2015)

Weijian Si; Xinggen Qu; Zhiyu Qu

MDPI Publishing

In: Sensors

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Publication Date: 2015-08-28

Description: This paper presents a novel off-grid direction of arrival (DOA) estimation method to achieve the superior performance in compressed sensing (CS), in which DOA estimation problem is cast as a sparse reconstruction. By minimizing the mixed k-l norm, the proposed method can reconstruct the sparse source and estimate grid error caused by mismatch. An iterative process that minimizes the mixed k-l norm alternately over two sparse vectors is employed so that the nonconvex problem is solved by alternating convex optimization. In order to yield the better reconstruction properties, the block sparse source is exploited for off-grid DOA estimation. A block selection criterion is engaged to reduce the computational complexity. In addition, the proposed method is proved to have the global convergence. Simulation results show that the proposed method has the superior performance in comparisons to existing methods.

Electronic ISSN: 1424-8220

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

Published by MDPI Publishing

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Magneto-electric interactions at bending resonance in an asymmetric multiferroic composite: Theory and experiment on the influence of electrode position (2015)

G. Sreenivasulu, P. Qu, V. M. Petrov, Hongwei Qu and G. Srinivasan

American Institute of Physics (AIP)

In: Journal of Applied Physics

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Publication Date: 2015-05-07

Description: In magnetostrictive-piezoelectric bilayers the strength of mechanical strain mediated magneto-electric (ME) interactions shows a resonance enhancement at bending modes. Such composites when operating under frequency modulation at bending resonance have very high ME sensitivity and are of importance for ultrasensitive magnetometers. This report provides an avenue for further enhancement in the ME sensitivity by strategic positioning of the electrodes in the bilayer. We discuss the theory and measurements on the dependence of ME coupling on the position of electrodes in a lead zirconate titanate-permendur bilayer. Samples of effective length L with full electrodes and partial electrodes of length l = L/3 are studied. A five-fold increase in ME voltage coefficient (MEVC) at bending resonance and a 75% increase in low-frequency MEVC are measured as the partial electrode position is moved from the free-end to clamped-end of the bilayer. When the partial electrode is close to the clamped end, the low-frequency and resonance MEVC are 22% and 45% higher, respectively, than for fully electroded bilayer. According to the model discussed here these observations could be attributed to non-uniform stress along the sample length under flexural deformation. Such deformations are stronger at the free-end than at the clamped-end, thereby reducing the stress produced by applied magnetic fields and a reduction in MEVC. Estimates of MEVC are in good agreement with the data.

Print ISSN: 0021-8979

Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550

Topics: Physics

Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)

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