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  • 2015-2019  (48)
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  • 1
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Hydrologie (2016)
    Bern : Haupt Verlag
    Details Availability
    Call number: PIK N 453 21-94596
    Description / Table of Contents: "Dieses Lehrbuch wendet sich an Studienanfänger der Natur- und Ingenieurswissenschaften. Es gibt eine grundlegende Einführung in die Elemente des Wasserkreislaufs. Erläutert werden der Einfluss von Landnutzung und Klima, Hochwasser und Dürre sowie moderne Verfahren zur Quantifizierung hydrologischer Prozesse. Schließlich wird ein Einblick in die hydrologische Praxis und die Risikovorsorge gegeben."--
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 389 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Edition: 1. Auflage
    ISBN: 978-3-8252-4513-9
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    Language: German
    Note: "Allgemeine Hydrologie": Geschichte der Hydrologie - Wasser als Stoff - Globaler und regionaler Wasserkreislauf - Niederschlag - Bodenwasserhaushalt - Grundwasser - Verdunstung - Abfluss im Gewässersystem - Abflussbildung in der Landschaft - Seen -- "Spezielle Bereiche der Hydrologie": Einfluss von Landnutzung und Landbedeckung auf den Wasserkreislauf - Einfluss des Klimas und des Klimawandels auf den Wasserkreislauf - Ökohydrologie - Hydrologische Extreme. , "Hydrologische Verfahren und Methoden": Hydrologische Modelle - Tracer in der Hydrologie - Fernerkundung in der Hydrologie -- "Regionale Hydrologie": Tieflandhydrologie - Hydrologie der Mittelgebirge - Hydrologie der Hochgebirge - Hydrologie von Trockenregionen -- "Anwendungen der Hydrologie": Bewässerung - Hydrologische Bemessung und hydrologisches Risiko - Integriertes Wasserressourcenmanagement - Partizipation im Wassermanagement.
    Location: A 18 - must be ordered
    Branch Library: PIK Library
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  • 2
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    Elevation‐dependent warming in the Swiss Alps 1981–2017: Features, forcings and feedbacks (2019)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: Temperature trends in Switzerland differ depending on the time of the year, day and elevation. Warming trends are strongest during spring and early summer with enhanced warming of daytime maximum temperatures. Elevation‐based differences in temperature trends show up during autumn and winter with stronger warming at lower elevations. Due to the environmental and socio‐economic importance of mountainous regions, it is crucial to understand causes and consequences of climatic changes in those sensitive landscapes. Daily resolution alpine climate data from Switzerland covering an elevation range of over 3,000 m between 1981 and 2017 have been analysed using highly resolved trends in order to gain a better understanding of features, forcings and feedbacks related to temperature changes in mountainous regions. Particular focus is put on processes related to changes in weather types, incoming solar radiation, cloud cover, air humidity, snow/ice and elevation dependency of temperature trends. Temperature trends in Switzerland differ depending on the time of the year, day and elevation. Warming is strongest during spring and early summer with enhanced warming of daytime maximum temperatures. Elevation‐based differences in temperature trends occur during autumn and winter with stronger warming at lower elevations. We attribute this elevation‐dependent temperature signal mainly to elevation‐based differences in trends of incoming solar radiation and elevation‐sensitive responses to changes in frequencies of weather types. In general, effects of varying frequencies of weather types overlap with trends caused by transmission changes in short‐ and long‐wave radiation. Temperature signals arising from snow/ice albedo feedback mechanisms are probably small and might be hidden by other effects.
    Print ISSN: 0899-8418
    Electronic ISSN: 1097-0088
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley
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  • 3
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    Hydrology, Vol. 3, Pages 7: Model-Based Attribution of High-Resolution Streamflow Trends in Two Alpine Basins of Western Austria (2016)
    MDPI
    In: Hydrology
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-02-19
    Description: Several trend studies have shown that hydrological conditions are changing considerably in the Alpine region. However, the reasons for these changes are only partially understood and trend analyses alone are not able to shed much light. Hydrological modelling is one possible way to identify the trend drivers, i.e., to attribute the detected streamflow trends, given that the model captures all important processes causing the trends. We modelled the hydrological conditions for two alpine catchments in western Austria (a large, mostly lower-altitude catchment with wide valley plains and a nested high-altitude, glaciated headwater catchment) with the distributed, physically-oriented WaSiM-ETH model, which includes a dynamical glacier module. The model was calibrated in a transient mode, i.e., not only on several standard goodness measures and glacier extents, but also in such a way that the simulated streamflow trends fit with the observed ones during the investigation period 1980 to 2007. With this approach, it was possible to separate streamflow components, identify the trends of flow components, and study their relation to trends in atmospheric variables. In addition to trends in annual averages, highly resolved trends for each Julian day were derived, since they proved powerful in an earlier, data-based attribution study. We were able to show that annual and highly resolved trends can be modelled sufficiently well. The results provide a holistic, year-round picture of the drivers of alpine streamflow changes: Higher-altitude catchments are strongly affected by earlier firn melt and snowmelt in spring and increased ice melt throughout the ablation season. Changes in lower-altitude areas are mostly caused by earlier and lower snowmelt volumes. All highly resolved trends in streamflow and its components show an explicit similarity to the local temperature trends. Finally, results indicate that evapotranspiration has been increasing in the lower altitudes during the study period.
    Electronic ISSN: 2306-5338
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Published by MDPI
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  • 4
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    Water, Vol. 9, Pages 204: Assessment of Climate Change Impacts on Water Resources in Three Representative Ukrainian Catchments Using Eco-Hydrological Modelling (2017)
    MDPI Publishing
    In: Water
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-03-11
    Description: The information about climate change impact on river discharge is vitally important for planning adaptation measures. The future changes can affect different water-related sectors. The main goal of this study was to investigate the potential water resource changes in Ukraine, focusing on three mesoscale river catchments (Teteriv, Upper Western Bug, and Samara) characteristic for different geographical zones. The catchment scale watershed model—Soil and Water Integrated Model (SWIM)—was setup, calibrated, and validated for the three catchments under consideration. A set of seven GCM-RCM (General Circulation Model-Regional Climate Model) coupled climate scenarios corresponding to RCPs (Representative Concentration Pathways) 4.5 and 8.5 were used to drive the hydrological catchment model. The climate projections, used in the study, were considered as three combinations of low, intermediate, and high end scenarios. Our results indicate the shifts in the seasonal distribution of runoff in all three catchments. The spring high flow occurs earlier as a result of temperature increases and earlier snowmelt. The fairly robust trend is an increase in river discharge in the winter season, and most of the scenarios show a potential decrease in river discharge in the spring.
    Electronic ISSN: 2073-4441
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by MDPI Publishing
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  • 5
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    Climate change effects on hydrological system conditions influencing generation of storm runoff in small Alpine catchments (2016)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-14
    Description: Floods and debris flows in small Alpine torrent catchments (〈10 km 2 ) arise from a combination of critical antecedent system state conditions and mostly convective precipitation events with high precipitation intensities. Thus, climate change may influence the magnitude-frequency-relationship of extreme events twofold: by a modification of the occurrence probabilities of critical hydrological system conditions and by a change of event precipitation characteristics. We investigated three small Alpine catchments in different altitudes in Western Austria by both field experiments and process-based simulation. We used rainfall-runoff model runs driven by localized climate scenarios in order to estimate future frequencies of stormflow triggering system state conditions. According to the differing altitudes of the study catchments, two effects of climate change on the hydrological systems can be observed. On the one hand the seasonal system state conditions of medium altitude catchments are most strongly affected by air temperature controlled processes such as the development of the winter snow cover as well as evapotranspiration. On the other hand, the unglaciated high altitude catchment is less sensitive to climate change induced shifts regarding days with critical antecedent soil moisture and desiccated litter layer due to its elevation-related small proportion of sensitive areas. For the period 2071 – 2100, we found that the number of days with critical antecedent soil moisture content will be significantly reduced to about 60% or even less in summer in all catchments. In contrast, the number of days with dried out litter layers causing hydrophobic effects will increase by up to 8 - 11% of the days in the two lower altitude catchments. The intensity analyses of heavy precipitation events indicate a clear increase in rain intensities of up to 10%. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0885-6087
    Electronic ISSN: 1099-1085
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Published by Wiley
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  • 6
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    Shaking water out of soil (2015)
    Geological Society of America (GSA)
    In: Geology
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-02-25
    Description: Moderate to large earthquakes can increase the amount of water flowing in streams. Previous interpretations and models assume that the extra water originates in the saturated zone. Here we show that earthquakes may also release water from the unsaturated zone when the seismic energy is sufficient to overcome the threshold of soil water retention. Soil water may then be released into aquifers, increasing streamflow. After the M8.8 Maule, Chile, earthquake, the discharge in some headwater catchments of the Chilean coastal range increased, and the amount of extra water in the discharge was similar to the total amount of water available for release from the unsaturated zone. Assuming rapid recharge of this water to the water table, a groundwater flow model that accounts for evapotranspiration and water released from soils can reproduce the increase in discharge as well as the enhanced diurnal discharge variations observed after the earthquake. Thus the unsaturated zone may play a previously unappreciated, and potentially significant, role in shallow hydrological responses to earthquakes.
    Print ISSN: 0091-7613
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2682
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of America (GSA)
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  • 7
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    Evaluating the potential of radar-based rainfall estimates for streamflow and flood simulations in the Philippines (2015)
    Taylor & Francis
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-06-26
    Print ISSN: 1947-5705
    Electronic ISSN: 1947-5713
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Taylor & Francis
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  • 8
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    Verification of short-term runoff forecasts for a small Philippine basin (Marikina) (2016)
    Taylor & Francis
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-29
    Print ISSN: 0262-6667
    Electronic ISSN: 2150-3435
    Topics: Geography
    Published by Taylor & Francis
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  • 9
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    Hydrological model parameter (in)stability – “crash testing” the HBV model under contrasting flood seasonality conditions (2018)
    Taylor & Francis
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-05-17
    Print ISSN: 0262-6667
    Electronic ISSN: 2150-3435
    Topics: Geography
    Published by Taylor & Francis
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  • 10
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    lumpR 2.0.0: an R package facilitating landscape discretisation for hillslope-based hydrological models (2017)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-08-10
    Description: The characteristics of a landscape pose essential factors for hydrological processes. Therefore, an adequate representation of the landscape of a catchment in hydrological models is vital. However, many of such models exist differing, amongst others, in spatial concept and discretisation. The latter constitutes an essential pre-processing step, for which many different algorithms along with numerous software implementations exist. In that context, existing solutions are often model specific, commercial, or depend on commercial back-end software, and allow only a limited or no workflow automation at all. Consequently, a new package for the scientific software and scripting environment R, called lumpR, was developed. lumpR employs an algorithm for hillslope-based landscape discretisation directed to large-scale application via a hierarchical multi-scale approach. The package addresses existing limitations as it is free and open source, easily extendible to other hydrological models, and the workflow can be fully automated. Moreover, it is user-friendly as the direct coupling to a GIS allows for immediate visual inspection and manual adjustment. Sufficient control is furthermore retained via parameter specification and the option to include expert knowledge. Conversely, completely automatic operation also allows for extensive analysis of aspects related to landscape discretisation. In a case study, the application of the package is presented. A sensitivity analysis of the most important discretisation parameters demonstrates its efficient workflow automation. Considering multiple streamflow metrics, the employed model proved reasonably robust to the discretisation parameters. However, parameters determining the sizes of subbasins and hillslopes proved to be more important than the others, including the number of representative hillslopes, the number of attributes employed for the lumping algorithm, and the number of sub-discretisations of the representative hillslopes.
    Print ISSN: 1991-959X
    Electronic ISSN: 1991-9603
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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