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  • 2015-2019  (2)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2015-07-28
    Description: The 14 C-uptake method is the most common approach employed for estimating primary production in the ocean. Normalizing 14 C-uptake to chlorophyll a and time yields a value termed the assimilation number, which is thought to reflect phytoplankton physiology. It is often assumed that the measured rate of 14 C-uptake is between net and gross primary production, depending on the time scale of the incubation. Recent studies employing multiple oxygen and carbon isotopic methods to measure photosynthesis of phytoplankton grown over a range of steady-state division rates have provided mechanistic insights on the relationship between 14 C-uptake and gross-to-net primary production. Results from these studies show that short-term (〈12 h) "photosynthesis-irradiance" measurements are not a reliable means of estimating net production, gross production or nutrient limitation, but can provide important information on the photoacclimation state of the phytoplankton. Long-term (24 h) incubations yield assimilation numbers that are in good agreement with net production rates, but are independent of nutrient-limited division rates. Despite complications in interpreting 14 C-uptake data, we suggest that these measurements are important for understanding phytoplankton physiology and carbon cycles while, at the same time, efforts are needed to establish new incubation-free methods for measuring phytoplankton division rate and biomass.
    Print ISSN: 0142-7873
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3774
    Topics: Biology
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Marine phytoplankton contribute roughly half the net primary production (NPP) on Earth, fixing atmospheric CO2 into food that fuels global ocean ecosystems and drives biogeochemical cycles. Satellite ocean color sensors, such as SeaWiFS, MODIS, and VIIRS, provide observations of sufficient frequency and geographic coverage to globally monitor changes in the near-surface concentrations of the phytoplankton pigment chlorophyll-a (Chla; mg -cu m) that serve as a proxy for phytoplankton abundance. Here, global Chla distributions for 2016 are evaluated within the context of the 19-year continuous record provided through the combined observations of SeaWiFS (19972010), MODIS on Aqua (MODISA, 2002present), and VIIRS on Suomi-NPP (2011present). All Chla data used in this analysis correspond to version R2014.0, which utilized common algorithms and calibration methods to maximize consistency in the multi-mission satellite record.
    Keywords: Oceanography
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN60706 , Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society (ISSN 0003-0007) (e-ISSN 1520-0477); 98; 8; S87-S89
    Format: application/pdf
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