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  • 1
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    CMB-S4 Decadal Survey APC White Paper (2019)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-10-23
    Description: CMB-S4 is envisioned to be the ultimate ground-based cosmic microwave background experiment, crossing critical thresholds in our understanding of the origin and evolution of the Universe, from the highest energies at the dawn of time through the growth of structure to the present day. The CMB-S4 science case is spectacular: the search for primordial gravitational waves as predicted from inflation and the imprint of relic particles including neutrinos, unique insights into dark energy and tests of gravity on large scales, elucidating the role of baryonic feedback on galaxy formation and evolution, opening up a window on the transient Universe at millimeter wavelengths, and even the exploration of the outer Solar System. The CMB-S4 sensitivity to primordial gravitational waves will probe physics at the highest energy scales and cross a major theoretically motivated threshold in constraints on inflation. The CMB-S4 search for new light relic particles will shed light on the early Universe 10,000 times farther back than current experiments can reach. Finally, the CMB-S4 Legacy Survey covering 70% of the sky with unprecedented sensitivity and angular resolution from centimeter- to millimeter-wave observing bands will have a profound and lasting impact on Astronomy and Astrophysics and provide a powerful complement to surveys at other wavelengths, such as LSST and WFIRST, and others yet to be imagined. We emphasize that these critical thresholds cannot be reached without the level of community and agency investment and commitment required by CMB-S4. In particular, the CMB-S4 science goals are out of the reach of any projected precursor experiment by a significant margin.
    Keywords: Astrophysics
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN74204 , Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society (e-ISSN 0002-7537); 51; 7; 209
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Big Software for SmallSats: Adapting CFS to CubeSat Missions (2015)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Expanding capabilities and mission objectives for SmallSats and CubeSats is driving the need for reliable, reusable, and robust flight software. While missions are becoming more complicated and the scientific goals more ambitious, the level of acceptable risk has decreased. Design challenges are further compounded by budget and schedule constraints that have not kept pace. NASA's Core Flight Software System (cFS) is an open source solution which enables teams to build flagship satellite level flight software within a CubeSat schedule and budget. NASA originally developed cFS to reduce mission and schedule risk for flagship satellite missions by increasing code reuse and reliability. The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, which launched in 2009, was the first of a growing list of Class B rated missions to use cFS. Large parts of cFS are now open source, which has spurred adoption outside of NASA. This paper reports on the experiences of two teams using cFS for current CubeSat missions. The performance overheads of cFS are quantified, and the reusability of code between missions is discussed. The analysis shows that cFS is well suited to use on CubeSats and demonstrates the portability and modularity of cFS code.
    Keywords: Computer Programming and Software
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN25045 , Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites; Aug 08, 2015 - Aug 13, 2015; Logan, Ut; United States
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    System and Method for an Integrated Satellite Platform (2018)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-27
    Description: A system, method, and computer-readable storage devices for a 6U CubeSat with a magnetometer boom. The example 6U CubeSat can include an on-board computing device connected to an electrical power system, wherein the electrical power system receives power from at least one of a battery and at least one solar panel, a first fluxgate sensor attached to an extendable boom, a release mechanism for extending the extendable boom, at least one second fluxgate sensor fixed within the satellite, an ion neutral mass spectrometer, and a relativistic electron/proton telescope. The on-board computing device can receive data from the first fluxgate sensor, the at least one second fluxgate sensor, the ion neutral mass spectrometer, and the relativistic electron/proton telescope via the bus, and can then process the data via an algorithm to deduce a geophysical signal.
    Keywords: Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Big Software for SmallSats: Adapting cFS to CubeSat Missions (2015)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Expanding capabilities and mission objectives for SmallSats and CubeSats is driving the need for reliable, reusable, and robust flight software. While missions are becoming more complicated and the scientific goals more ambitious, the level of acceptable risk has decreased. Design challenges are further compounded by budget and schedule constraints that have not kept pace. NASA's Core Flight Software System (cFS) is an open source solution which enables teams to build flagship satellite level flight software within a CubeSat schedule and budget. NASA originally developed cFS to reduce mission and schedule risk for flagship satellite missions by increasing code reuse and reliability. The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, which launched in 2009, was the first of a growing list of Class B rated missions to use cFS.
    Keywords: Computer Operations and Hardware; Computer Programming and Software; Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN25575 , Annual AIAA / USU Conference on Small Satellites; Aug 08, 2015 - Aug 13, 2015; Logan, Utah; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    HERMA-Heartbeat Microwave Authentication (2018)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-26
    Description: Systems and methods for identifying and/or authenticating individuals utilizing microwave sensing modules are disclosed. A HEaRtbeat Microwave Authentication (HERMA) system can enable the active identification and/or authentication of a user by analyzing reflected RF signals that contain a person's unique characteristics related to their heartbeats. An illumination signal is transmitted towards a person where a reflected signal captures the motion of the skin and tissue (i.e. displacement) due to the person's heartbeats. The HERMA system can utilize existing transmitters in a mobile device (e.g. Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Cellphone signals) as the illumination source with at least one external receive antenna. The received reflected signals can be pre-processed and analyzed to identify and/or authenticate a user.
    Keywords: Communications and Radar
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    Microwave Radar Sensor Modules (2018)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-26
    Description: Systems and methods for detecting biometrics using microwave radar sensor modules are disclosed. Integrated microwave sensor modules can include a transmitter unit configured to generate at least one continuous wave transmit signal based upon at least one frequency control signal, a receiver unit configured to utilize a cancellation path to cancel contributions to a return signal based upon at least one cancellation path control signal, and a microcontroller unit that includes a processor, a memory containing a microcontroller application, where the microcontroller application configures the processor to generate at least one frequency control signal to generate least one CW transmit signal having a plurality of frequencies, generate at least one cancellation path control signal to automatically adjust the cancellation path in real time, receive at least one demodulated signal, digitize the at least one demodulated signal, and update the at least one frequency control and cancellation path control signals.
    Keywords: Electronics and Electrical Engineering
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    The deep-water squid Octopoteuthis sicula Rüppell, 1844 (Cephalopoda: Octopoteuthidae) as the single species of the genus occurring in the Mediterranean Sea (2016)
    Springer
    In:  Marine Biology, 163 (Art. Nr. 192).
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-02-01
    Description: The genus Octopoteuthis includes squids inhabiting meso- and bathypelagic waters worldwide. Of the seven presently named species distributed in the world’s oceans, only Octopoteuthis sicula has been reported for certain in the Mediterranean Sea to date. However, mixed and confusing descriptions of the systematic characters useful for identifying the species occur in the literature. Similarly, molecular analysis results available for the genus are contradictory and inconsistent. The research herein was undertaken firstly to clarify the systematic status of the genus in the Mediterranean Sea and confirm the presence of a single species, namely O. sicula. Additional goals were the assessment of the validity of systematic characters to identify the species and the analysis of beak morphology to provide useful tools in prey–predator relationship studies. Octopoteuthis specimens from various areas of the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic and Pacific oceans were compared, and the analysis of traditional morphological characters was combined with molecular genetics and the study of beaks. Molecular genetics and beak morphology results support the existence of a single species in the Mediterranean Sea. Additional evidence would suggest that this species is also distributed in the north-eastern Atlantic. The morphological characters reported in the literature to identify O. sicula did not identify Mediterranean specimens, with the exception of the two tail photophores. All information collected supports the need for a reconsideration of morphological characters used to identify Octopoteuthis species.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    PAPER (OCEANREP)
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