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  • 1
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    The response of single human cells to zero-gravity (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: Microscopic and histochemical evaluations of human embrionic lung cells after exposure to zero-gravity are reported. Growth curves, DNA microspectrophotometry, phase microscopy, and ultrastructural studies of fixed cells revealed no effects on the cultures. Minor unexplained differences have been found in biochemical constituents of the samples.
    Keywords: AEROSPACE MEDICINE
    Type: Biomed. Results from Skylab; p 221-234
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  • 2
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    The application of IR- and MSS-data in the Ruhr District, Germany (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The methods used by Ruhr Planning Authority to interpret IR pictures are described along with production of maps indicating the thermal distribution in the conurbation. Topics studied with the IR data include thermal loading of the Rhine and climatology of the urban and surrounding country areas.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: ERIM Proc. of the 11th Intern. Symp. on Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 2; p 837-847
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  • 3
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    Coating for hot sliding seals (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Heat resistant paint is effective surface coating for sliding seals that must operate at elevated temperatures. Economical paint is easy to apply, offers minimal friction, and improves reliability of seals.
    Keywords: MACHINERY
    Type: MSC-16529 , NASA Tech Briefs (ISSN 0145-319X); 3; 4; P. 595
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  • 4
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    The response of single human cells to zero gravity (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Twenty separate cultures of Wistar-38 human embryonic lung cells were exposed to a zero-gravity environment on Skylab for periods of time ranging from one to 59 days. Duplicate cultures were run concurrently as ground controls. Ten cultures were fixed on board the satellite during the first 12 days of flight. Growth curves, DNA microspectrophotometry, phase microscopy, and ultrastructural studies of the fixed cells revealed no effects of a zero-gravity environment on the ten cultures. Two cultures were photographed with phase time lapse cinematography during the first 27 days of flight. No differences were found in mitotic index, cell cycle, and migration between the flight and control cells. Eight cultures were returned to earth in an incubated state. Karyotyping and chromosome banding tests show no differences between the flight and control cells.
    Keywords: AEROSPACE MEDICINE
    Type: Skylab science experiments; Symposium; Feb 28, 1974; San Francisco, CA
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  • 5
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    The Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge: A Natural Laboratory for Federal Agencies and Partners (2017)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge encompasses a rich mosaic of habitats and is a fecund and convenient field site for Earth science research, comprised of tidal salt marsh, open ponds, shallow water, mudflat habitat and encompassing a variety of tide, salinity, elevation, slope, and other conditions. Proximity to the NASA Ames Research Center and overlap with the center's UAS (unmanned aircraft systems) test area presents the opportunity to create a unique natural laboratory that can incubate and support a variety of research and benefit the Refuge in monitoring wildlife changes and habitat evolution over time.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: ARC-E-DAA-TN39062 , Earth Science Poster Workshop; Feb 15, 2017; Moffett Field, CA; United States
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  • 6
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    GrassPlot - a Database of Multi-Scale Plant Diversity in Palaearctic Grasslands (2018)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: GrassPlot is a collaborative vegetation-plot database organised by the Eurasian Dry Grassland Group (EDGG)and listed in the Global Index of Vegetation-Plot Databases (GIVD ID EU-00-003). GrassPlot collects plot records (releves) from grasslands and other open habitats of the Palaearctic biogeographic realm. It focuses on precisely delimited plots of eight standard grain sizes (0.0001; 0.001; ... 1,000 m_) and on nested-plot series withat least four different grain sizes. The usage of GrassPlot is regulated through Bylaws that intend to balance the interests of data contributors and data users. The current version (v. 1.00) contains data for approximately 170,000 plots of different sizes and 2,800 nested-plot series. The key components are richness data and metadata.However, most included datasets also encompass compositional data. About 14,000 plots have near-complete records of terricolous bryophytes and lichens in addition to vascular plants. At present, GrassPlot contains data from 36 countries throughout the Palaearctic, spread across elevational gradients and major grassland types. GrassPlot with its multi-scale and multi-taxon focus complements the larger international vegetation plot databases, such as the European Vegetation Archive (EVA) and the global database "sPlot". Its main aim is to facilitate studies on the scale- and taxon-dependency of biodiversity patterns and drivers along macroecological gradients. GrassPlot is a dynamic database and will expand through new data collection coordinated by the elected Governing Board. We invite researchers with suitable data to join GrassPlot. Researchers with project ideas addressable with GrassPlot data are welcome to submit proposals to the Governing Board.
    Keywords: Geosciences (General); Documentation and Information Science
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN60373 , Phytocoenologia (ISSN 0340-269X) (e-ISSN 2363-7153); 3; 331-347
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  • 7
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    Enhanced Pacific Ocean Sea Surface Temperature and Its Relation to Typhoon Haiyan (2015)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Typhoon Haiyan, which devastated the Visayan Islands in the Philippines on November 8, 2013 was recorded as the strongest typhoon ever-observed using satellite data. Typhoons in the region usually originate from the mid-Pacific region that includes the Warm Pool, which is regarded as the warmest ocean surface region globally. Two study areas were considered: one in the Warm Pool Region and the other in the West Pacific Region near the Philippines. Among the most important factors that affect the strength of a typhoon are sea surface temperature (SST) and water vapor. It is remarkable that in November 2013 the average SST in the Warm Pool Region was the highest observed during the 1981 to 2014 period while that of the West Pacific Region was among the highest as well. Moreover, the increasing trend in SST was around 0.20C per decade in the warm pool region and even higher at 0.23C per decade in the West Pacific region. The yearly minimum SST has also been increasing suggesting that the temperature of the ocean mixed layer is also increasing. Further analysis indicated that water vapor, clouds, winds and sea level pressure for the same period did not reveal strong signals associated with the 2013 event. The SST is shown to be well-correlated with wind strength of historically strong typhoons in the country and the observed trends in SST suggest that extremely destructive typhoons like Haiyan are likely to occur in the future.
    Keywords: Meteorology and Climatology; Oceanography
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN31205 , Journal of Environmental Science and Management (ISSN 0119-1144); 18; 1; 1-10
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  • 8
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    Integral method for the calculation of three-dimensional, laminar and turbulent boundary layers (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The method for turbulent flows is a further development of an existing method; profile families with two parameters and a lag entrainment method replace the simple entrainment method and power profiles with one parameter. The method for laminar flows is a new development. Moment of momentum equations were used for the solution of the problem, the profile families were derived from similar solutions of boundary layer equations. Laminar and turbulent flows at the wings were calculated. The influence of wing tapering on the boundary layer development was shown. The turbulent boundary layer for a revolution ellipsoid is calculated for 0 deg and 10 deg incidence angles.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-TM-75320
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  • 9
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    Positive Trend in the Antarctic Sea Ice Cover and Associated Changes in Surface Temperature (2017)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Antarctic sea ice extent has been slowly increasing contrary to expected trends due to global warming and results from coupled climate models. After a record high extent in 2012 the extent was even higher in 2014 when the magnitude exceeded 20 10(exp 6) km(exp 2) for the first time during the satellite era. The positive trend is confirmed with newly reprocessed sea ice data that addressed inconsistency issues in the time series. The variability in sea ice extent and ice area was studied alongside surface ice temperature for the 34-yr period starting in 1981, and the results of the analysis show a strong correlation of 0.94 during the growth season and 0.86 during the melt season. The correlation coefficients are even stronger with a one-month lag in surface temperature at 0.96 during the growth season and 0.98 during the melt season, suggesting that the trend in sea ice cover is strongly influenced by the trend in surface temperature. The correlation with atmospheric circulation as represented by the southern annular mode (SAM) index appears to be relatively weak. A case study comparing the record high in 2014 with a relatively low ice extent in 2015 also shows strong sensitivity to changes in surface temperature. The results suggest that the positive trend is a consequence of the spatial variability of global trends in surface temperature and that the ability of current climate models to forecast sea ice trend can be improved through better performance in reproducing observed surface temperatures in the Antarctic region.
    Keywords: Meteorology and Climatology
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN53276 , Journal of Climate (ISSN 0894-8755) (e-ISSN 1520-0442); 30; 6; 2251-2267
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  • 10
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    Arctic Ocean Primary Productivity: The Response of Marine Algae to Climate Warming and Sea Ice Decline (2018)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-10
    Description: Highlights: 1. Satellite estimates of ocean primary productivity (i.e., the rate at which marine algae transform dissolved inorganic carbon into organic material) were higher in 2018 (relative to the 2003-17 mean) for three of the nine investigated regions (the Eurasian Arctic, Bering Sea, and Baffin Bay). 2. All regions continue to exhibit positive trends over the 2003-18 period, with the strongest trends for the Eurasian Arctic, Barents Sea, Greenland Sea, and North Atlantic. 3. The regional distribution of relatively high (low) chlorophyll-a concentrations can often be associated with a relatively early (late) breakup of sea ice cover.
    Keywords: Oceanography; Meteorology and Climatology
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN72863 , Arctic Report Card: Update for 2018
    Format: application/pdf
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