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  • 1
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    A critical analysis of the Physical Education curriculum in the Czech Republic (2021)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: This monograph reviews the PE curriculum in the Czech Republic. It presents research into the quality of the Czech PE curriculum and makes recommendations regarding its redesign. It targets the scientific community and experts in the field and seeks to enrich international research on the PE curriculum and update the knowledge base of curriculum study. The text should be of general value and of particular relevance to any future change of the PE curriculum in the Czech Republic. The first section of the monograph focuses on curriculum theory; the term `curriculum' is defined and its structure described, some basic terminology regarding curriculum change is explained, some aspects of a quality curriculum are discussed, and the various concepts that can underpin a PE curriculum are identified. The history of PE in the Czech Republic sets the scene for the research section of the monograph, which describes predominantly the author's PE curriculum research over the last decade. In the following chapters the current PE curriculum in the Czech Republic is reviewed based on research findings and recommendations made regarding the revision of the PE curriculum in the Czech Republic. Finally, the dichotomies that characterize research in this area are discussed.
    Keywords: PE curriculum reform ; curriculum quality ; curriculum research ; curriculum forms ; curriculum processes ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Life in Health 2021: Research and Practice (2023)
    Masaryk University Press | Masaryk University
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: This proceedings contain a selection of papers from the international interdisciplinary conference Life in Health 2021, which took place from 9 to 10 September 2021 in the Czech Republic at the Faculty of Education, Masaryk University. The papers focus on general as well as specific approaches to public health protection and promotion. The findings presented are based on research data and are applicable in health education and general education of children and the whole population.
    Keywords: health protection ; health promotion ; public health ; health education ; education ; thema EDItEUR::V Health, Relationships and Personal development::VF Family and health::VFX Parenting: advice and issues::VFXC Child care and upbringing: advice for parents
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    A critical analysis of the Physical Education curriculum in the Czech Republic (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-03
    Description: This monograph reviews the PE curriculum in the Czech Republic. It presents research into the quality of the Czech PE curriculum and makes recommendations regarding its redesign. It targets the scientific community and experts in the field and seeks to enrich international research on the PE curriculum and update the knowledge base of curriculum study. The text should be of general value and of particular relevance to any future change of the PE curriculum in the Czech Republic. The first section of the monograph focuses on curriculum theory; the term `curriculum' is defined and its structure described, some basic terminology regarding curriculum change is explained, some aspects of a quality curriculum are discussed, and the various concepts that can underpin a PE curriculum are identified. The history of PE in the Czech Republic sets the scene for the research section of the monograph, which describes predominantly the author's PE curriculum research over the last decade. In the following chapters the current PE curriculum in the Czech Republic is reviewed based on research findings and recommendations made regarding the revision of the PE curriculum in the Czech Republic. Finally, the dichotomies that characterize research in this area are discussed.
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Effect of Pressure Perturbations on CO2 Degassing in a Mofette System: The Case of Hartoušov, Czech Republic (2023)
    In:  Geosciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-10
    Description: Mofettes are gas emission sites where high concentrations of CO2 ascend through conduits from as deep as the mantle to the Earth’s surface and as such provide direct windows to processes at depth. The Hartoušov mofette, located at the western margin of the Eger Graben, is a key site to study interactions between fluids and swarm earthquakes. The mofette field (10 mofettes within an area of 100 m × 500 m and three wells of 28, 108, and 239 m depth) is characterized by high CO2 emission rates (up to 100 t/d) and helium signatures with (3He/4He)c up to 5.8 Ra, indicating mantle origin. We compiled geological, geophysical, geochemical, and isotopic data to describe the mofette system. Fluids in the Cheb basin are mixtures between shallow groundwater and brine (〉40 g/L at a depth of 235 m) located at the deepest parts of the basin fillings. Overpressured CO2-rich mineral waters are trapped below the mudstones and clays of the sealing Cypris formation. Drilling through this sealing layer led to blow-outs in different compartments of the basin. Pressure transients were observed related to natural disturbances as well as human activities. External (rain) and internal (earthquakes) events can cause pressure transients in the fluid system within hours or several days, lasting from days to years and leading to changes in gas flux rates. The 2014 earthquake swarm triggered an estimated excess release of 175,000 tons of CO2 during the following four years. Pressure oscillations were observed at a wellhead lasting 24 h with increasing amplitudes (from 10 to 40 kPa) and increasing frequencies reaching five cycles per hour. These oscillations are described for the first time as a potential natural analog to a two-phase pipe–relief valve system known from industrial applications.
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 5
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    ICDP drilling of the Eger Rift observatory: magmatic fluids driving the earthquake swarms and deep biosphere (2022)
    In:  Scientific drilling : reports on deep earth sampling and monitoring
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-31
    Description: The new in situ geodynamic laboratory established in the framework of the ICDP Eger project aims to develop the most modern, comprehensive, multiparameter laboratory at depth for studying earthquake swarms, crustal fluid flow, mantle-derived CO2 and helium degassing, and processes of the deep biosphere. In order to reach a new level of high-frequency, near-source and multiparameter observation of earthquake swarms and related phenomena, such a laboratory comprises a set of shallow boreholes with high-frequency 3-D seismic arrays as well as modern continuous real-time fluid monitoring at depth and the study of the deep biosphere. This laboratory is located in the western part of the Eger Rift at the border of the Czech Republic and Germany (in the West Bohemia–Vogtland geodynamic region) and comprises a set of five boreholes around the seismoactive zone. To date, all monitoring boreholes have been drilled. This includes the seismic monitoring boreholes S1, S2 and S3 in the crystalline units north and east of the major Nový Kostel seismogenic zone, borehole F3 in the Hartoušov mofette field and borehole S4 in the newly discovered Bažina maar near Libá. Supplementary borehole P1 is being prepared in the Neualbenreuth maar for paleoclimate and biological research. At each of these sites, a borehole broadband seismometer will be installed, and sites S1, S2 and S3 will also host a 3-D seismic array composed of a vertical geophone chain and surface seismic array. Seismic instrumenting has been completed in the S1 borehole and is in preparation in the remaining four monitoring boreholes. The continuous fluid monitoring site of Hartoušov includes three boreholes, F1, F2 and F3, and a pilot monitoring phase is underway. The laboratory also enables one to analyze microbial activity at CO2 mofettes and maar structures in the context of changes in habitats. The drillings into the maar volcanoes contribute to a better understanding of the Quaternary paleoclimate and volcanic activity.
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 6
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    Soil moisture regime in beech and spruce forests (2023)
    In:  XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-07-13
    Description: An understanding of the spatial and temporal variation of soil moisture is essential for studying other hydrological, biological, or chemical soil processes, such as water movement, microbial activity, and biogeochemical cycling. The analysis was based on soil water regime measurements from several vegetation seasons (comprising both wet and dry years). We investigated both column average soil water content and also its vertical distribution. The water balance of the soil column was studied by the bucket-type soil water balance model. It was shown that the forest type is an important factor controlling the rate of evapotranspiration which in turn influences the soil water regime, especially in dry periods. In wet periods, the differences among particular sites were negligible. In dry periods, the soil was slightly wetter in the site affected by the bark beetle outbreak in the surface soil layer and drier in the deeper soil layer. Similarly, the differences in the beech and spruce forests were most pronounced in dry periods. In this case, the beech forest was more efficient in terms of evapotranspiration water consumption which resulted in drier soil compared to spruce covered plot. In the spruce site, the soil was regularly drier only at the beginning of the season, given by different interception rates during winter. The differences between spruce and beech forest were based namely on the water consumption efficiency and differences in interception rates, vertical distribution of the roots, and soil hydraulic properties.
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    Two Small Volcanoes, One Inside the Other: Geophysical and Drilling Investigation of Bažina Maar in Western Eger Rift (2023)
    In:  Earth and Space Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-09
    Description: Maar-diatreme volcanoes are small volcanic structures with a funnel-shaped crater surrounded by a tephra-ring. They are usually formed by the explosive phreatomagmatic eruptions when groundwater comes into the contact with magma. We focus on such a structure in the geodynamically active western Eger Rift (Czech Republic) and present results from multidisciplinary geophysical investigation calibrated by drilling in the newly discovered Pleistocene Bažina maar. We evaluated morphological (LiDAR-based DEM) data and confirmed the existence of a maar-diatreme structure by combined geophysical methods. In the map view, they revealed circular negative gravity anomaly, funnel-shape low-resistivity anomaly, and strong magnetic anomaly. These results allowed for the optimal location of two boreholes in the maar crater, which evinced its contact with country rocks and lithologies of the maar-diatreme filling. The drilling revealed coherent volcanic rocks and volcaniclastic deposits, moreover, it revealed a presence of a pyroclastic cone with the olivine nephelinite feeding conduit. Further investigations disclosed maar structure and subsequent pyroclastic cone(s) with several generations of eruptions and systematic decrease of water influence on the eruption style. Different eruption styles suggest a unique evolution of two volcanoes, one inside the other. The age of the Bažina maar eruption, estimated from the reverse polarity of the detected magnetic anomaly, implies that the effusion and solidification of the lava during the eruption must be older than 0.78 Ma (Pleistocene). This points to an active volcanism in the western Eger Rift in a span of ∼0.5 Ma, where Bažina represents the oldest (maybe opening) phase.
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  • 8
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    Fast migration episodes within earthquake swarms (2023)
    In:  Geophysical Journal International
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-04
    Description: The hypocentres of natural earthquake swarms and injection-induced seismicity usually show systematic migration, which is considered to be a manifestation of their triggering mechanism. In many of these cases, the overall growth of the earthquake distribution is accompanied by short episodes of rapid migration, the origin of which is still not sufficiently clarified. We review the possible triggering mechanisms of these migrating episodes and propose a graphical method for distinguishing internal and external triggering forces. We also analyse the theoretical relationship between the evolution of the cumulative seismic moment and the rupture area and propose two models, the crack model and the rupture front model, which can explain the spreading of hypocentres. We developed an automatic algorithm for detecting fast migration episodes in seismicity data and applied it to relocated catalogues of natural earthquake swarms in California, West Bohemia, and Iceland, and to injection-induced seismicity. Fast migration episodes is shown to be relatively frequent during earthquake swarms (8–20 per cent of all events) compared to fluid-induced seismicity (less than 5 per cent of the events). Although the migration episodes were detected independently of time, they grew monotonically with time and square-root dependence of radius on time was found suitable for majority of sequences. The migration velocity of the episodes of the order of 1 m s−1 was found and it anticorrelated with their duration, which results in a similar final size of the clusters scattering around 1–2 km. Comparison of seismic moment growth and activated fault area with the predictions of the proposed models shows that both the rupture front model and the crack model are able to explain the observed migration and that the front model is more consistent with the data. Relatively low estimated stress drops in the range of 100 Pa to 1 MPa suggest that aseismic processes are also responsible for cluster growth. Our results show that the fast migrating episodes can be driven by stress transfer between adjacent events with the support of aseismic slip or fluid flow due to dynamic pore creation.
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 9
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    Hydraulic injection tests in the pilot EGS borehole PVGT-LT1 in Litoměřice, Czechia (2023)
    In:  Geothermics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-05
    Description: Successful utilization of geothermal energy is conditioned by sufficient permeability of the rock formation as a heat exchanger. We present results of hydraulic injection tests carried out in 2020 in the pilot geothermal borehole PVGT-LT1 in Litoměřice, Czech Republic, which samples 800 m of Paleozoic and Mesozoic sediments on the top of a crystalline basement. The low hydraulic conductivity on the order of 10−11 m/s obtained by recovery tests was verified by large-scale injection tests monitored by DTS temperature logging. During the first test, 24 m3 of water were injected and a permeable fracture was created at 880 m depth, breaking through the ignimbrite layer. The opening pressure of 12.55 MPa corresponds to the lower estimate of the minimum stress at this depth. The second injection was performed 7 months later and 202 m3 were injected at flow rates reaching 50 l/min. It showed that the fracture had been preserved since the first injection, which was documented by a non-zero flow rate at the smallest injection pressures and also by a stabilized water level in the borehole, which dropped immediately after the fracture formation. No induced seismicity accompanied the injection, which indicates a possibly low seismogenic potential of this area of the Bohemian Massif. The model of finite conductive fracture fitted to the pressure decay curve during shut-in intervals gives an estimate of a fracture half-length exceeding 100 m.
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