Publication Date:
2023-06-30
Description:
Precipitation that falls as snow at high elevations is one of the principal water sources for the downstream areas in the dry Andes of Central Chile. The last decade was especially dry, with most years showing below-normal annual precipitation - the so-called central Chile megadrought. Together with increased water consumption, the dry conditions have led to considerable water stress. People living in high mountain areas are especially vulnerable to this water scarcity, which raises their awareness and interest in meteorological observations.
This dataset contains measurements of fresh snow and rain obtained in the citizen science project Vecinos de las Nieves (Spanish for “snow neighbors”) - a collaboration between scientists and community members who live, work or study in the mountainous sector (above 1100 m asl.) in the Andes mountains of the Coquimbo region, Chile (29°S to 32°S). Since 2018, following each snowfall during the austral Winter (May to August), the volunteers have measured the physical-chemical characteristics of the snow on the ground. Since 2021, the volunteers have also collected rainfall with a manual rain gauge. In total, 21 precipitation events have been documented, with a maximum snow depth of 292 mm at the highest observation site (3110 m asl.). In addition, 25 fresh snow samples from 9 snowfall events have been collected and successfully processed, to derivate stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes, whose values are in line with the global meteoric line.
The program Vecinos de las Nieves has generated new scientific understanding of snow and rain processes during the four winter periods, as well as connected isolated communities in the pursuit of science, and has highlighted the importance of local knowledge and interdisciplinary research in understanding snow dynamics and water availability in this area. Most participants have observed drier conditions in their environment during the last years, with fewer snow events compared to previous years, showing growing concern about the water availability in the future.
Keywords:
Alcohuaz; Andes mountains; Calculated; Camping Ganímedes; citizen science; Comment; Commune; DATE/TIME; Date/Time local; Density, snow; Deuterium excess; Digital thermometer; El Colorado; El Empedrado; ELEVATION; Embalse La Laguna; Escuela Bosque de Quillay; Escuela C.H Los Molles; Escuela Estrella de Belén; Escuela Las Breas; Escuela Las Ramadas; Escuela Maitenes de Serón; Estero Derecho; Event label; Handheld GPS, Garmin Garmin eTrex20; Hardness, snow; Horcón; International Classification for Seasonal Snow on the Ground according to Fierz et al. (2009); Juntas del Toro; Las Ramadas; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Mina Los Pingos; MULT; Multiple investigations; Name; Observer; Pejerreyes; Precipitation; precipitation events; Rain gauge; Scale; Site; snow; snow_Alcohuaz; snow_CampingGanimedes; snow_ElColorado; snow_ElEmpedrado; snow_EmbalseLaLaguna; snow_EscuelaBosqueDeQuillay; snow_EscuelaEstrellaDeBelen; snow_EscuelaLasBreas; snow_EscuelaLasRamadas; snow_EscuelaLosMolles; snow_EscuelaMaitenesDeSeron; snow_EsteroDerecho; snow_Horcon; snow_JuntasDelToro; snow_LasRamadas; snow_MinaLosPingos; snow_Pejerreyes; Snow depth; Snow grain size; Snow grain type; Snow water equivalent; Sub-basin; Temperature, ice/snow; Triple Laser Water Isotope Analyzer (T-LWIA-45-EP), Los Gatos Research; δ18O, water; δ Deuterium, water
Type:
Dataset
Format:
text/tab-separated-values, 1302 data points
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