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  • 2020-2024  (89)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Introduction to Basics of Pharmacology and Toxicology : Volume 2 : Essentials of Systemic Pharmacology : From Principles to Practice (2021)
    Singapore :Springer Nature Singapore :
    Details
    Keywords: Pharmacology. ; Pharmacy. ; Medical microbiology. ; Neurosciences. ; Pharmacology. ; Pharmacy. ; Medical Microbiology. ; Neuroscience.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part 1. Autonomic Nervous System -- Chapter 1. Cholinoceptor Agonists and Anticholinesterase Agents -- Chapter 2. Cholinoceptor Antagonists -- Chapter 3. Adrenergic Agonists -- Chapter 4. Adrenergic Antagonists -- Part 2. Central and Peripheral Nervous System -- Chapter 5. Neurotransmitters and Neurotransmission. Chapter 6. Hypnotics and Sedatives -- Chapter 7. Pharmacotherapy of Seizures -- Chapter 8. General Anesthetics -- Chapter 9. Drug Therapy of Psychosis and Mania -- Chapter 10. Pharmacotherapy of Depression and Anxiety Disorders Chapter 11. Pharmacotherapy of Neurodegenerative Disorders -- Chapter 12. Opioid Agonists and Antagonists -- Chapter 13. Cognition enhancers, Psychostimulants and Psychedelic Drugs -- Chapter 14. Drug Dependence and Abuse -- Chapter 15. Local Anesthetics -- Chapter 16. Skeletal muscle relaxants. Part 3. Autacoids and Other Chemical Mediators -- Chapter 17. Histamine, Serotonin, Bradykinin, and the Ergot Alkaloids -- Chapter 18. Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Related Compounds -- Chapter 19. Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Medicines -- Chapter 20. Drugs Used in Rheumatoid Arthritis -- Chapter 21. Pharmacotherapy of Gout -- Chapter 22. Nitric oxide, Vasoactive Peptides and Purines -- Part 4. Cardiovascular and Renal Pharmacology -- Chapter 23. Drugs Affecting Renal Excretory Function -- Chapter 24. Antihypertensive Agents -- Chapter 25. Treatment of Ischemic Heart Disease -- Chapter 26. Drugs Used in Heart Failure -- Chapter 27. Drugs Used in Cardiac Arrhythmias -- Chapter 28. Pharmacotherapy of Shock and Drugs Used in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation -- Chapter 29. Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension -- Chapter 30. Antiplatelets, Anticoagulants and Fibrinolytics -- Chapter 31. Drugs Used in Dyslipidemias -- Part 5. Pulmonary Pharmacology -- Chapter 32. Treatment of Asthma and COPD -- Chapter 33. Drugs Used in Cough and Rhinitis -- Part 6 Gastrointestinal Pharmacology -- Chapter 34. Drugs Used in Acid-Peptic Disorders -- Chapter 35. Drugs Affecting Gastrointestinal Motility -- Chapter 36. Antiemetics -- Chapter 37. Drug Therapy for Constipation -- Chapter 38. Antidiarrheal Agents -- Chapter 39. Irritable Bowel Syndrome -- Chapter 40. Pharmacotherapy of Inflammatory Bowel Disease -- Chapter 41. Miscellaneous Drugs Acting on the Gastrointestinal System -- Part 7. Endocrine Pharmacology -- Chapter 42. Hypothalamic and Pituitary Hormones -- Chapter 43. Pharmacotherapy of Diabetes Mellitus -- Chapter 44. Thyroid and Antithyroid Drugs -- Chapter 45. Adrenocorticosteroids and Their Antagonists -- Chapter 46. Gonadal Hormones and Their Inhibitors -- Chapter 47. Pharmacotherapy of Obesity -- Chapter 48. Drugs Affecting Bone Mineral Homeostasis -- Part 8. Hematopoietic System -- Chapter 49. Pharmacotherapy of Iron Deficiency and Other Related Anaemias -- Chapter 50. Pharmacotherapy of Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid Deficiency -- Chapter 51. Drug-Induced Blood Dyscrasias -- Part 9. Chemotherapy of Microbial Diseases -- Chapter 52. General Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy -- Chapter 53. Sulfonamides, Quinolones and Agents For Urinary Tract Infections -- Chapter 54. Penicillins, Cephalosporins and Other β-Lactam Antibiotics -- Chapter 55. Protein Synthesis Inhibitors -- Chapter 56. Antimycobacterial Drugs -- Chapter 57. Antifungal Drugs -- Chapter 58. Antiviral Drugs -- Chapter 59. Miscellaneous Antimicrobial Agents -- Chapter 60. Chemotherapy of Malaria and Other Protozoal Diseases -- Chapter 61. Chemotherapy of Helminthiasis -- Part 10. Pharmacotherapy of Neoplastic Disease -- Chapter 62. General Principles of Cancer Chemotherapy -- Chapter 63. Cytotoxic Drugs -- Chapter 64. Targeted Chemotherapy -- Chapter 65. Hormones Agents in the Pharmacotherapy of Cancer -- Chapter 66. Immunopharmacology -- Chapter 67. Dermatological Pharmacology -- Chapter 68. Ocular Pharmacology -- Chapter 69. Nutritional Supplements and Herbal Medicines -- Chapter 70. Immunoglobulins and Vaccines. .
    Abstract: This book explains the pharmacological relationships between the various systems in the human body. It offers a comprehensive overview of the pharmacology concerning the autonomic, central, and peripheral nervous systems. Presenting up-to-date information on chemical mediators and their significance, it highlights the therapeutic aspects of several diseases affecting the cardiovascular, renal, respiratory, gastrointestinal, endocrinal, and hematopoietic systems. The book also includes drug therapy for microbial and neoplastic diseases. It also comprises sections on immunopharmacology, dermatological, and ocular pharmacology providing valuable insights into these emerging and recent topics. Covering the diverse groups of drugs acting on different systems, the book reviews their actions, clinical uses, adverse effects, interactions, and subcellular mechanisms of action. It is divided into 11 parts, subdivided into several chapters that evaluate the basic pharmacological principles that govern the different types of body systems. This book is intended for academicians, researchers, and clinicians in industry and academic institutions in pharmaceutical, pharmacological sciences, pharmacy, medical sciences, physiology, neurosciences, biochemistry, molecular biology and other allied health sciences. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXIV, 1175 p. 152 illus., 117 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9789813360099
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6009-9
    DOI: 10.1007/978-981-33-6009-9
    DDC: 615
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wolves and Dogs : between Myth and Science (2022)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Details
    Keywords: Zoology. ; Cognition in animals. ; Psychology. ; Behavior genetics. ; Veterinary medicine. ; Ecology . ; Animal behavior. ; Zoology. ; Animal Cognition. ; Behavioral Sciences and Psychology. ; Behavioral Genetics. ; Veterinary Science. ; Behavioral Ecology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Introduction -- Chapter 2: Comparing the behaviour and cognition of wolves and dogs -- Chapter 3: The socio-ecology of wolves -- Chapter 4: The socio-ecology of Free-ranging Dogs -- Chapter 5: Social dynamics between conspecifics -- Chapter 6: Social behaviour with humans -- Chapter 7: Social Cognition Part I: Communication with humans -- Chapter 8: Social Cognition Part II: Social learning & Cooperation -- Chapter 9: Physical Cognition Part I: problem solving and its correlates -- Chapter 10: Physical Cognition Part II: Learning and reasoning -- Chapter 11: Domestication hypotheses relating to behaviour and cognition – which are supported by the current data?.
    Abstract: Various parallels have been drawn between wolves and humans from the perspective of their social organisation. Therefore, studying wolves may well shed light on the evolutionary origins of complex human cognition and, in particular, on the role that cooperation played in its development. Humans closely share their lives with millions of dogs – the domesticated form of wolves. Biologically, wolves and dogs can be considered to be the same species; yet only dogs are suitable living companions in human homes, highlighting the importance of cognitive and emotional differences between the two forms. The behaviour of wolves and dogs largely depends on the environment the animals grew up and live in. This book reviews more than 50 years of research on the differences and similarities of wolves and dogs. Beyond the socio-ecology, the work explores different theories about when and how the domestication of wolves might have started and which behaviours and cognitive abilities might have changed during this process. Readers will discover how these fascinating animals live with their conspecifics in their social groups, how they approach and solve problems in their daily lives and how they see and interact with their human partners.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XX, 381 p. 87 illus., 65 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030984113
    Series Statement: Fascinating Life Sciences,
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98411-3
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-98411-3
    DDC: 590
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Climate change, ecosystem services and migration in the Marshall Islands: are they related? (2020)
    Springer Netherlands
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-12
    Description: As one of the lowest-lying island nation states in the world, the Republic of the Marshall Islands is vulnerable to sea level rise, flooding and the associated impacts on soil and water salinity. Persistent drought is further affecting agricultural production and access to drinking water, and heat stress is increasingly common. The number of Marshallese people residing in the USA has increased rapidly from 6650 in 2000 to an estimated 30,000 in 2018. While we know that climate change is already affecting the Marshall Islands and that there are significant migration flows, we do not know to what extent people already migrate because of climate change. This paper addresses this gap and presents findings from interdisciplinary fieldwork in the Marshall Islands and destination areas in the USA. The research team conducted a survey (N = 278), focus group discussions, expert interviews and a geo-spatial analysis of flood extent and migration rates to study the relationship between climatic events, ecosystem services and migration. The results show that respondents primarily cite education, health care, work and family visits as migration drivers, and only few mention climate impacts or environmental change. However, respondents do identify impacts of climate change on their livelihoods, health and safety, and the study finds significant correlations between climate impacts, trends in ecosystem services and migration propensities at household level. Furthermore, 62% of Marshallese respondents in the USA indicated that climate change affects their decision to return to Marshall Islands in the future.
    Description: Pacific Islands Climate Adaptation Center
    Description: Pacific Research and Integrated Science Assessments Program
    Keywords: ddc:304.28 ; Climate change ; Migration ; Ecosystem services ; Sea level rise ; Drought ; Pacific
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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  • 4
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    Mafic explosive volcanism at Llaima Volcano: 3D x-ray microtomography reconstruction of pyroclasts to constrain shallow conduit processes (2021)
    Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-07-19
    Description: Mafic volcanic activity is dominated by effusive to mildly explosive eruptions. Plinian and ignimbrite-forming mafic eruptions, while rare, are also possible; however, the conditions that promote such explosivity are still being explored. Eruption style is determined by the ability of gas to escape as magma ascends, which tends to be easier in low-viscosity, mafic magmas. If magma permeability is sufficiently high to reduce bubble overpressure during ascent, volatiles may escape from the magma, inhibiting violent explosive activity. In contrast, if the permeability is sufficiently low to retain the gas phase within the magma during ascent, bubble overpressure may drive magma fragmentation. Rapid ascent may induce disequilibrium crystallization, increasing viscosity and affecting the bubble network with consequences for permeability, and hence, explosivity. To explore the conditions that promote strongly explosive mafic volcanism, we combine microlite textural analyses with synchrotron x-ray computed microtomography of 10 pyroclasts from the 12.6 ka mafic Curacautín Ignimbrite (Llaima Volcano, Chile). We quantify microlite crystal size distributions (CSD), microlite number densities, porosity, bubble interconnectivity, bubble number density, and geometrical properties of the porous media to investigate the role of magma degassing processes at mafic explosive eruptions. We use an analytical technique to estimate permeability and tortuosity by combing the Kozeny-Carman relationship, tortuosity factor, and pyroclast vesicle textures. The groundmass of our samples is composed of up to 44% plagioclase microlites, 〉 85% of which are 〈 10 µm in length. In addition, we identify two populations of vesicles in our samples: (1) a convoluted interconnected vesicle network produced by extensive coalescence of smaller vesicles (〉 99% of pore volume), and (2) a population of very small and completely isolated vesicles (〈 1% of porosity). Computed permeability ranges from 3.0 × 10−13 to 6.3 × 10−12 m2, which are lower than the similarly explosive mafic eruptions of Tarawera (1886; New Zealand) and Etna (112 BC; Italy). The combination of our CSDs, microlite number densities, and 3D vesicle textures evidence rapid ascent that induced high disequilibrium conditions, promoting rapid syn-eruptive crystallization of microlites within the shallow conduit. We interpret that microlite crystallization increased viscosity while simultaneously forcing bubbles to deform as they grew together, resulting in the permeable by highly tortuous network of vesicles. Using the bubble number densities for the isolated vesicles (0.1-3−3 × 104 bubbles per mm3), we obtain a minimum average decompression rate of 1.4 MPa/s. Despite the textural evidence that the Curacautín magma reached the percolation threshold, we propose that rapid ascent suppressed outgassing and increased bubble overpressures, leading to explosive fragmentation. Further, using the porosity and permeability of our samples, we estimated that a bubble overpressure 〉 5 MPa could have been sufficient to fragment the Curacautín magma. Other mafic explosive eruptions report similar disequilibrium conditions induced by rapid ascent rate, implying that syn-eruptive disequilibrium conditions may control the explosivity of mafic eruptions more generally.
    Description: national science foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001
    Description: lawrence berkeley national laboratory http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100006235
    Description: Universität Bayreuth (3145)
    Keywords: ddc:552.2 ; Permeability ; Microtomography ; Explosive volcanism ; Mafic eruptions
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    ESRI shapefiles with manual snow depth (SD) measurements collected in Austria during winter 2012-2013 (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-04-15
    Description: ESRI shapefiles with the manual snow depth (SD) measurements collected in Austria during winter 2012-2013.
    Keywords: airborne; Alpes; Area/locality; Austria; Boreal; Event label; File name; Leutasch_SnowSAR; Mittelbergferner_SnowSAR; Rotmoos_SnowSAR; SAR; snow; Snow cover; SnowSAR; Tundra
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 126 data points
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  • 6
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    Fluorescence properties of dissolved organic matter from Leverett Glacier outflow (2020)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-28
    Description: The outflow of Leverett Glacier, a large land-terminating glacier of the Greenland Ice Sheet was sampled over the 2015 ablation season. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations, dissolved organic matter (DOM) fluorescence, and hydrogeochemical data (e.g. discharge, specific conductivity, pH, and turbidity) were analyzed to assess changing DOM sources over the melt season. DOC concentrations and red-shifted fluorescence suggest terrestrial inputs from overridden soils dominated DOM early season inputs before progressive dilution with increasing discharge. During the outburst period, supraglacial drainage events disrupted the subglacial drainage system and introduced dominant protein-like fluorescence signatures not observed in basal flow. These results suggest that subglacial hydrology and changing water sources influence exported DOC concentration and DOM composition, differentiated through fluorescence characteristics. The outburst and post-outburst periods were characterized by protein-like fluorescence from supraglacial and potentially subglacial microbial sources.
    Keywords: Campbell Scientific 247-L Conductivity and Temperature Probe; Carbon, organic, dissolved; Carbon, organic, dissolved load; Conductivity; DATE/TIME; Day of the year; Dissolved Organic Matter; DOM; Event label; Flow rate; Fluorescence; Fluorescence, dissolved organic matter, at 317 nm wavelength; Fluorescence, dissolved organic matter, at 368 nm wavelength; Fluorescence, dissolved organic matter, at 416 nm wavelength; Fluorescence, dissolved organic matter, at 425 nm wavelength; Fluorescence, dissolved organic matter, at 483 nm wavelength; Fluorescence spectrometer, AquaLog, HORIBA JobinYvon; glaciers; Greenland; Honeywell Durafet pH sensors; Lachat QuickChem 8500 flow injection autoanalyser; L Atalante; Leverett_glacier_basal_ice; Leverett_glacier_snow; Leverett_glacier_time_series; Nitrogen in nitrate; PARAFAC; Period; pH; Phosphorus in orthophosphate; Pressure transducer, HOBO; Roorkee Industries Suspended Sediment Sampler USDH-48; Shimadzu TOC-L total organic carbon analyzer; SNOW; Snow/ice sample; Suspended particulate matter; Thermo Scientific Dionex IonPac AS11-HC-4μm Anion-Exchange Column fitted to a Thermo Scientific Dionex ICS-5000 Ion Chromatography; ZAIROV
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 785 data points
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  • 7
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    Geochemistry of Globigerina Bulloides in Santa Barbara Basin measured by Laser Ablation (2020)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-14
    Keywords: B/Ca; Globigerina bulloides, Aluminium/Calcium ratio; Globigerina bulloides, Aluminium/Calcium ratio, error; Globigerina bulloides, Boron/Calcium ratio; Globigerina bulloides, Boron/Calcium ratio, error; Globigerina bulloides, Lithium/Calcium ratio; Globigerina bulloides, Lithium/Calcium ratio, error; Globigerina bulloides, Magnesium/Calcium ratio; Globigerina bulloides, Magnesium/Calcium ratio, error; Globigerina bulloides, Strontium/Calcium ratio; Globigerina bulloides, Strontium/Calcium ratio, error; Identification; LA-ICP-MS, Laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer; Marine Carbonate System; Ocean acidification; Planktonic foraminifera; Sample ID; Santa Barbara Basin; SBB; SBB_trap; Trap, sediment; TRAPS
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 336 data points
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  • 8
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    Boron to calcium ratios (B/Ca) of three species of planktonic foraminifera in Santa Barbara Basin (2020)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-14
    Keywords: 〉150 µm; 〉425µm; 150-250 µm fraction; 250-355 µm fraction; 355-425 µm fraction; average; B/Ca; Cup; DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; Globigerina bulloides, Boron/Calcium ratio; Globigerina bulloides, Boron/Calcium ratio, error; Identification; Marine Carbonate System; Neogloboquadrina dutertrei, Boron/Calcium ratio; Neogloboquadrina dutertrei, Boron/Calcium ratio, error; Neogloboquadrina incompta, Boron/Calcium ratio; Neogloboquadrina incompta, Boron/Calcium ratio, error; Ocean acidification; Planktonic foraminifera; Santa Barbara Basin; SBB; SBB_trap; Trap, sediment; TRAPS
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 303 data points
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  • 9
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    Morphometrics of Globigerina bulloides in Santa Barbara Basin (2020)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-14
    Keywords: B/Ca; Foraminifera, planktic, shell, weight; Foraminifera, planktic, shell area density; Foraminifera, planktic, shell cross-sectional area; Foraminifera, planktic, shell Feret diameter; Identification; LA-ICP-MS, Laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer; Marine Carbonate System; Ocean acidification; Planktonic foraminifera; Santa Barbara Basin; SBB; SBB_trap; Specimen identification; Split; Trap, sediment; TRAPS
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 343 data points
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  • 10
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry parameters model simulation results for Santa Barbara Basin, link to xlsx file (2020)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-27
    Description: The 2013-2014 model‐based estimates of the carbonate system variables (total alankinity (TA), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), and saturation state of araongite and calcite (Ω)) and water column parameters (temperature, salinity, and nitrate concentration) near the site of the sediment trap in the Santa Barbara Basin stem from the simulations described in detail by Turi et al. (2016). Simulated water column parameters span from the sea surface (0 meters) to approximately 275 meters water depth. Based on these simulated values, the carbonate system calculation program, CO2SYS was used to estimate the remaining components of the carbonate system, including pH the fugacity, partial pressure, and concentration of CO2, bicarbonate ion, carbonate ion. The model is based on the UCLA‐ETH version of the Regional Oceanic Modeling System (Shchepetkin & McWilliams, 2005) and includes a nitrogen‐based nutrient‐phytoplankton zooplankton‐detritus model (Gruber et al., 2006) that was extended with a carbon module (Gruber et al., 2012; Hauri et al., 2013). The CalCS model setup employed here has a horizontal resolution of 5 km and 34 levels in the vertical and spans the entire U.S. coast from about 30°N to 50°N and extends more than 1,300 km into the Pacific. The boundary conditions at the lateral boundaries of the model consisted of a combination of climatological fields based on observations and time‐varying anomaly fields derived from a global hindcast simulation with the NCAR CCSM3 model (Graven et al., 2012).
    Keywords: B/Ca; Marine Carbonate System; Model; Ocean acidification; Planktonic foraminifera; SBB; SBB_model_simulation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet, 807.8 kBytes
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