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  • 2020-2024  (245)
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  • 1
    Keywords: Agriculture. ; Microtechnology. ; Microelectromechanical systems. ; Environmental chemistry. ; Nanochemistry. ; Environmental policy. ; Agriculture. ; Microsystems and MEMS. ; Environmental Chemistry. ; Nanochemistry. ; Environmental Policy.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1 - State of the art of the development of nanopesticides and their potential benefits -- Chapter 2 - Understanding the interaction of nanopesticides with plants -- Chapter 3 - Study of the interaction of nanopesticides with soil microbiota -- Chapter 4 - Methods for understanding the interaction of nanopesticides with soil and water -- Chapter 5 - State of the art in ecotoxicological assays to study the effects of nanopesticides against non-target organisms -- Chapter 6 - Nanoherbicides -- Chapter 7 - Nanoinsecticides -- Chapter 8 - Nanofungicides -- Chapter 9 - Alternative models for initial screening of nanopesticides safety -- Chapter 10 - Methods for the evaluation toxicological effects of nanopesticides in humans -- Chapter 11 - Use of DNA/RNA and nanotechnology aiming pest control -- Chapter 12 - Regulatory issues regarding Nanopesticides Chapter 13 - Nanopesticides: from the bench to the market -- Chapter 14 - Nanopesticides: risk analysis.
    Abstract: This book explores the development of nanopesticides and tests of their biological activity against target organisms. It also covers the effects of nanopesticides in the aquatic and terrestrial environments, along with related subjects including fate, behaviour, mechanisms of action and toxicity. Moreover, the book discusses the potential risks of nanopesticides for non-target organisms, as well as regulatory issues and future perspectives.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXI, 360 p. 56 illus., 38 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030448738
    DDC: 630
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Keywords: Biodiversity. ; Biotic communities. ; Conservation biology. ; Ecology . ; Zoology. ; Botany. ; Evolution (Biology). ; Biodiversity. ; Ecosystems. ; Conservation Biology. ; Zoology. ; Plant Science. ; Evolutionary Biology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Biodiversity in the Gulf of Guinea Oceanic Islands: A Synthesis -- Chapter 2. Physical Geography of the Gulf of Guinea Oceanic Islands -- Chapter 3. Classification, Distribution and Biodiversity of Terrestrial Ecosystems in the Gulf of Guinea Oceanic Islands -- Chapter 4. Territory, Economy and Demographic Growth in São Tomé and Príncipe: Anthropogenic Changes in the Environment -- Chapter 5. The History of Biological Research in the Gulf of Guinea Oceanic Islands -- Chapter 6. Biogeography and Evolution in the Oceanic Islands of the Gulf of Guinea -- Chapter 7. Species Ecology in the Gulf of Guinea Oceanic Islands: Distribution, Habitat Preferences, Assemblages and Interactions -- Chapter 8. Fungi of São Tomé and Príncipe: Basidiomycete Mushrooms and Allies -- Chapter 9. The Bryophyte Flora of São Tomé and Príncipe (Gulf of Guinea): Past, Present and Future -- Chapter 10. Diversity of the Vascular Plants of the Gulf of Guinea Oceanic Islands -- Chapter 11. A Checklist of the Arachnids From the Gulf of Guinea Islands (Excluding Ticks and Mites) -- Chapter 12. The Beetles (Coleoptera) of Príncipe, São Tomé and Annobón -- Chapter 13. Butterflies and Skippers (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of the Gulf of Guinea Oceanic Islands -- Chapter 14. Dragonflies and Damselflies (Odonata) of São Tomé, Príncipe, and Annobón -- Chapter 15. Diversity and Distribution of the Arthropod Vectors of the Gulf of Guinea Oceanic Islands -- Chapter 16. Terrestrial Mollusca of the Gulf of Guinea Oceanic Islands -- Chapter 17. The Fishes of the Gulf of Guinea Oceanic Islands -- Chapter 18. The Amphibians of the Gulf of Guinea Oceanic Islands -- Chapter 19. The Terrestrial Reptiles of the Gulf of Guinea Oceanic Islands -- Chapter 20. The Sea Turtles of São Tomé and Príncipe: Diversity, Distribution and Conservation Status -- Chapter 21. The Avifauna of the Gulf of Guinea Oceanic Islands -- Chapter 22. Current Knowledge and Conservation of the Wild Mammals of the Gulf of Guinea Oceanic Islands -- Chapter 23. Cetaceans of São Tomé and Príncipe -- Chapter 24. Biodiversity Conservation in the Gulf of Guinea Oceanic Islands: Recent Progress, Ongoing Challenges, and Future Directions -- Chapter 25. Environmental Education in São Tomé and Príncipe: the Challenges of Owning a Unique Biodiversity -- Chapter 26. A Thriving Future for the Gulf of Guinea Oceanic Islands.
    Abstract: This open access book presents a comprehensive synthesis of the biodiversity of the oceanic islands of the Gulf of Guinea, a biodiversity hotspot off the west coast of Central Africa. Written by experts, the book compiles data from a plethora of sources – archives, museums, bibliography, official reports and previously unpublished data – to provide readers with the most updated information about the biological richness of these islands and the conservation issues they face. The Gulf of Guinea Oceanic Islands (Príncipe, São Tomé and Annobón and surrounding islets) present extraordinary levels of endemism across different animal, fungi and plant groups. This very high endemism likely results from the long geological history of the islands and their proximity to the diversity-rich continent. Many researchers, students and conservationists from across the globe are interested in documenting biodiversity on the islands, understanding the evolutionary origins of this diversity, and mitigating the impacts of global change on this unique archipelago. This book aims to be a primer for a broad audience seeking baseline biodiversity information and to serve as a roadmap for future research efforts aiming to fill knowledge gaps in understanding and conserving the unparalleled biodiversity of the Gulf of Guinea islands.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXV, 694 p. 101 illus., 81 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031061530
    DDC: 333.95
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Keywords: Agricultural biotechnology. ; Nanochemistry. ; Sustainability. ; Agricultural Biotechnology. ; Nanochemistry. ; Sustainability.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1 - Properties of inorganic nanoparticles that can be applied to agriculture -- Chapter 2 - Strategies to produce cost-effective fertilizer-based nanoparticles -- Chapter 3 - Physicochemical properties of inorganic nanoparticles in aqueous media and agricultural tank mixtures -- Chapter 4 - Mechanisms of root and leaf uptake, transport, storage, metabolism, and detoxication of inorganic nanoparticles -- Chapter 5 - Nanoparticles for seed treatment -- Chapter 6 - Pesticide effects of inorganic nanoparticles -- Chapter 7 - Nanoparticles in soils: transport, fate and capacity to enhance soil properties -- Chapter 8 - Nanoparticles for remediation of agricultural contaminated soils -- Chapter 9 - Implications of nanoparticles on the dynamics of the rhizosphere and microbial community -- Chapter 10 - Nanoparticles as bio stimulants Chapter 11 - Nanoparticles in plant diagnosis -- Chapter 12 - Nanoparticles used as biosensors in the agri-sector -- Chapter 13 - A comparison of the performance of inorganic and organic nanocarriers in agriculture -- Chapter 14 - Balancing the benefits to agriculture and adverse ecotoxicological impacts of inorganic nanoparticles -- Chapter 15 - Efficacy of nanoparticles on crops: lab versus field trials -- Chapter 16 - Porous inorganic nanoparticles as pesticide or nutrient carriers -- Chapter 17 - Uptake and translocation of nanomaterials by plants and their possible inclusion in the trophic chain.
    Abstract: This book discusses inorganic/metallic nanopesticides and fertilizers. Rather than providing a general review of the topic, it offers a critical assessment of what has been achieved and highlights future measures to allow agriculture to profit from the properties of inorganic nanoparticles. It covers a variety of topics, including strategies for preparing cost-effective nanoparticles, their chemistry both within and outside the plant, the effects of nanoparticles in the field and whether the current strategies were successful in increasing crop yields. This book will appeal to readers in academia and industry, as well as stakeholders and anyone who has an interest in the applications of inorganic nanopesticides and nanofertilizers as well as the potential use of these technologies in agriculture.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIX, 390 p. 86 illus., 77 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030941550
    DDC: 630
    Language: English
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  • 4
    Keywords: Botany. ; Botanical chemistry. ; Food science. ; Medicine, Preventive. ; Health promotion. ; Agriculture. ; Plant Science. ; Plant Biochemistry. ; Food Science. ; Health Promotion and Disease Prevention. ; Agriculture.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Acrocomia aculeata -- 2. Attalea dubia & Attalea phalerata -- 3. Campomanesia genus -- 4. Caryocar spp -- 5. Mauritia flexuosa -- 6. Dipteryx alata -- 7. Solanum lycocarpum -- 8. Attalea speciosa -- 9. Syagrus romanzoffiana -- 10. Hancornia speciosa.
    Abstract: Fruits of the Brazilian Cerrado: Composition and Functional Benefits describes the nutritional, chemical and physical characteristics of the fruits of the Cerrado, as well as their pharmacological effects and use in phytotherapics. Chapters are dedicated to the morphological characteristics, macronutrients, micronutrients and active compounds of various fruits, with separate sections covering their peels, leaves, nuts, pulps, and other components. The text also includes detailed studies on the treatment of diseases with these natural products, as well as their applications in popular use by local communities. Authors explain the importance of bioactive compounds found in the fruits and their possible mechanisms of action in the organism. This text thus provides a valuable reference to researchers studying a range of topics, including functional foods, phytotherapy, and plant science.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIII, 186 p. 31 illus., 21 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030629496
    DDC: 580
    Language: English
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  • 5
    Keywords: Sports sciences. ; Measurement. ; Measuring instruments. ; Mechanics. ; Quantitative research. ; Sport Science. ; Measurement Science and Instrumentation. ; Sports Biomechanics. ; Classical Mechanics. ; Data Analysis and Big Data.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Introduction: Rationale for understanding accuracy, precision, and repeatability levels of field-based tests -- Chapter 2. Systematically revising the literature of field-based soccer tests -- Chapter 3. Summarizing and characterizing the field-based soccer tests -- Chapter 4. Evidence of accuracy, precision, and repeatability levels of field-based tests -- Chapter 5. Discussion of field-based soccer tests for aerobic fitness -- Chapter 6. Discussion of field-based soccer tests for sprinting, change-of-direction and agility -- Chapter 7. Discussion of field-based soccer tests for strength, power, and neuromuscular fitness -- Chapter 8. Conclusions & practical implications.
    Abstract: This book systematically summarizes the accuracy, precision, and repeatability levels of field-based tests applied in soccer. It considers such details as the effectiveness of tests for different age categories and sexes. In this book, the readers will be able to check all the field-based tests conceived for fitness assessment in soccer through a large systematic review made to the literature. In addition a brief characterization of each test and presentation of the concurrent validity and repeatability levels for each test will be provided. Finally, the book contains a general discussion of the implications of the tests for different methodological approaches to training. It will be use to sports scientists and practitioners.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: VIII, 110 p. 2 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031038952
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology,
    DDC: 796.015
    Language: English
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  • 6
    Keywords: Sustainability. ; Environmental policy. ; Renewable energy sources. ; Environment. ; Economic development. ; Sustainability. ; Environmental Policy. ; Renewable Energy. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Development Studies.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction: Political Dimensions of the Bioeconomy -- Part I: Biofuels and the Emergence of a Bioeconomy World -- 2. The Contested Sustainability of Biofuels in a North-South Context -- 3. Governance: Solving or Reproducing Inequalities -- 4. International Bioeconomy Governance: Unveiling the Initial Patterns -- Part II: Biofuel Governance in Emerging Countries -- 5. Brazil Between Bioeconomy Barons and Grassroots Agroecology -- 6. India’s Bioeconomy and the Ambition over “Wastelands” -- 7. Bioeconomy in the Oil Palm Republic of Indonesia -- 8. Bioeconomy Lessons from Biofuel Policies in Emerging Countries -- 9. The Politics for a Fairer Bioeconomy.
    Abstract: This book addresses the underexposed political dimensions of bioeconomy promotion. Who wins and who loses? How are institutions being shaped, and by whom? Drawing from experiences since the earlier days of biofuels promotion, it explores in unprecedented detail the global drive away from fossil fuels and towards a biomass-based economy. Multipurpose agriculture gains ever more traction as countries create new bio-based value chains – or, rather, value webs. Governance, in this regard, proves to be key for steering developments towards inclusive agri-food-biomass systems instead of fueling just a handful of “flex crops” ridden with social equity and other environmental issues. Based on a rich global-level analysis of bioeconomy promotion and three in-depth case studies of key emerging economies (Brazil, India and Indonesia), the book also innovatively examines sustainability politics in Global South democracies. Ultimately, this book is about finding the politics for a fairer bioeconomy in the years and decades to come.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVI, 227 p. 19 illus., 1 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030668389
    DDC: 304.2
    Language: English
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2024-01-31
    Description: Using 2.046 botanically-inventoried tree plots across the largest tropical forest on Earth, we \nmapped tree species-diversity and tree species-richness at 0.1-degree resolution, and \ninvestigated drivers for diversity and richness. Using only location, stratified by forest type, as \npredictor, our spatial model, to the best of our knowledge, provides the most accurate map of \ntree diversity in Amazonia to date, explaining approximately 70% of the tree diversity and \nspecies-richness. Large soil-forest combinations determine a significant percentage of the \nvariation in tree species-richness and tree alpha-diversity in Amazonian forest-plots. We \nsuggest that the size and fragmentation of these systems drive their large-scale diversity \npatterns and hence local diversity. A model not using location but cumulative water deficit, \ntree density, and temperature seasonality explains 47% of the tree species-richness in the \nterra-firme forest in Amazonia. Over large areas across Amazonia, residuals of this relationship are small and poorly spatially structured, suggesting that much of the residual \nvariation may be local. The Guyana Shield area has consistently negative residuals, showing \nthat this area has lower tree species-richness than expected by our models. We provide \nextensive plot meta-data, including tree density, tree alpha-diversity and tree speciesrichness results and gridded maps at 0.1-degree resolution.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2024-03-31
    Description: Aim: Amazonia hosts more tree species from numerous evolutionary lineages, both young and ancient, than any other biogeographic region. Previous studies have shown that tree lineages colonized multiple edaphic environments and dispersed widely across Amazonia, leading to a hypothesis, which we test, that lineages should not be strongly associated with either geographic regions or edaphic forest types. Location: Amazonia. Taxon: Angiosperms (Magnoliids; Monocots; Eudicots). Methods: Data for the abundance of 5082 tree species in 1989 plots were combined with a mega-phylogeny. We applied evolutionary ordination to assess how phylogenetic composition varies across Amazonia. We used variation partitioning and Moran's eigenvector maps (MEM) to test and quantify the separate and joint contributions of spatial and environmental variables to explain the phylogenetic composition of plots. We tested the indicator value of lineages for geographic regions and edaphic forest types and mapped associations onto the phylogeny. Results: In the terra firme and várzea forest types, the phylogenetic composition varies by geographic region, but the igapó and white-sand forest types retain a unique evolutionary signature regardless of region. Overall, we find that soil chemistry, climate and topography explain 24% of the variation in phylogenetic composition, with 79% of that variation being spatially structured (R2= 19% overall for combined spatial/environmental effects). The phylogenetic composition also shows substantial spatial patterns not related to the environmental variables we quantified (R2= 28%). A greater number of lineages were significant indicators of geographic regions than forest types. Main Conclusion: Numerous tree lineages, including some ancient ones (〉66 Ma), show strong associations with geographic regions and edaphic forest types of Amazonia. This shows that specialization in specific edaphic environments has played a long-standing role in the evolutionary assembly of Amazonian forests. Furthermore, many lineages, even those that have dispersed across Amazonia, dominate within a specific region, likely because of phylogenetically conserved niches for environmental conditions that are prevalent within regions.
    Keywords: community assembly ; dispersal limitation ; environmental selection ; evolutionary principal ; component analysis ; indicator lineage analysis ; Moran's eigenvector maps ; neotropics ; Niche ; conservatism ; tropical rain forests
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Amazonia’s floodplain system is the largest and most biodiverse on Earth. Although forests are crucial to the ecological integrity of floodplains, our understanding of their species composition and how this may differ from surrounding forest types is still far too limited, particularly as changing inundation regimes begin to reshape floodplain tree communities and the critical ecosystem functions they underpin. Here we address this gap by taking a spatially explicit look at Amazonia-wide patterns of tree-species turnover and ecological specialization of the region’s floodplain forests. We show that the majority of Amazonian tree species can inhabit floodplains, and about a sixth of Amazonian tree diversity is ecologically specialized on floodplains. The degree of specialization in floodplain communities is driven by regional flood patterns, with the most compositionally differentiated floodplain forests located centrally within the fluvial network and contingent on the most extraordinary flood magnitudes regionally. Our results provide a spatially explicit view of ecological specialization of floodplain forest communities and expose the need for whole-basin hydrological integrity to protect the Amazon’s tree diversity and its function.
    Keywords: Forests
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2024-04-13
    Description: Trees structure the Earth's most biodiverse ecosystem, tropical forests. The vast number of tree species presents a formidable challenge to understanding these forests, including their response to environmental change, as very little is known about most tropical tree species. A focus on the common species may circumvent this challenge. Here we investigate abundance patterns of common tree species using inventory data on 1,003,805 trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm across 1,568 locations1-6 in closed-canopy, structurally intact old-growth tropical forests in Africa, Amazonia and Southeast Asia. We estimate that 2.2%, 2.2% and 2.3% of species comprise 50% of the tropical trees in these regions, respectively. Extrapolating across all closed-canopy tropical forests, we estimate that just 1,053 species comprise half of Earth's 800 billion tropical trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm. Despite differing biogeographic, climatic and anthropogenic histories7, we find notably consistent patterns of common species and species abundance distributions across the continents. This suggests that fundamental mechanisms of tree community assembly may apply to all tropical forests. Resampling analyses show that the most common species are likely to belong to a manageable list of known species, enabling targeted efforts to understand their ecology. Although they do not detract from the importance of rare species, our results open new opportunities to understand the world's most diverse forests, including modelling their response to environmental change, by focusing on the common species that constitute the majority of their trees.
    Keywords: Multidisciplinary ; ABUNDANCE DISTRIBUTIONS ; ALPHA-DIVERSITY ; PLANT DIVERSITY ; FORESTS ; BIOMASS
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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