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  • 1
    Keywords: Veterinary medicine. ; Physiology. ; Animal welfare Moral and ethical aspects. ; Ecology . ; Zoology. ; Veterinary Science. ; Animal Physiology. ; Animal Ethics. ; Ecology. ; Zoology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. Physiology and Functional Anatomy -- Chapter 3. Sensory Systems -- Chapter 4. Biology of Stress -- Chapter 5. Normal Behaviour -- Chapter 6. Social Behaviour as a Challenge for Welfare -- Chapter 7. Brains, Behaviour, and Cognition: Multiple Misconceptions -- Chapter 8. Psychological and Behavioural Principles and Problems -- Chapter 9. Effects of Ontogeny, Rearing Conditions, and Individual Differences on Behaviour: Welfare, Conservation, and Invasive Species Implications -- Chapter 10. Controlled Deprivation and Enrichment -- Chapter 11. Effects of Noise and Light -- Chapter 12. Ethologically Informed Design and DEEP Ethology in Theory and Practice -- Chapter 13. Spatial and Thermal Factors -- Chapter 14. Nutritional Considerations -- Chapter 15. Naturalistic Versus Unnaturalistic Environments -- Chapter 16. Evidential Thresholds for Species Suitability in Captivity -- Chapter 17. Record Keeping as an Aid to Captive Care -- Chapter 18. Arbitrary Husbandry Practices and Misconceptions -- Chapter 19. Miscellaneous Factors.
    Abstract: This extensively revised and expanded new edition offers concepts, principles and applied information that relates to the wellbeing of reptiles. As a manual on health and welfare in a similar vein to volumes addressing the sciences of anatomy, behaviour or psychology, this book thoroughly examines the biology of reptile welfare and is about meeting biological needs. The editors, acknowledged experts in their own right, have once again drawn together an extremely impressive international group of contributors. Positive and negative implications of general husbandry and research programs are discussed. In addition to greatly revised original content are nine new chapters offering readers novel insight into: • sensory systems • social behaviour • brain and cognition • controlled deprivation and enrichment • effects of captivity-imposed noise and light disturbance on welfare • spatial and thermal factors • evidential thresholds for species suitability in captivity • record keeping as an aid to captive care • arbitrary husbandry practices and misconceptions The authors have adopted a user-friendly writing style to accommodate a broad readership. Although primarily aimed at academic professionals, this comprehensive volume is fundamentally a biology book that will also inform all involved in captive reptile husbandry. Among others, zoo personnel, herpetologists, veterinarians, lab animal scientists, and expert readers in animal welfare and behavioural studies will benefit from this updated work.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 638 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 2nd ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783030860127
    DDC: 636.089
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    The MIT Press | A Bradford Book
    Publication Date: 2022-02-21
    Description: In The Genesis of Animal Play, Gordon Burghardt examines the origins and evolution of play in humans and animals. He asks what play might mean in our understanding of evolution, the brain, behavioral organization, and psychology. Is play essential to development? Is it the driving force behind human and animal behavior? What is the proper place for the study of play in the cognitive, behavioral, and biological sciences? The engaging nature of play—who does not enjoy watching a kitten attack a ball of yarn?—has made it difficult to study. Some scholars have called play undefinable, nonexistent, or a mystery outside the realm of scientific analysis. Using the comparative perspectives of ethology and psychology, The Genesis of Animal Play goes further than other studies in reviewing the evidence of play throughout the animal kingdom, from human babies to animals not usually considered playful. Burghardt finds that although playfulness may have been essential to the origin of much that we consider distinctive in human (and mammalian) behavior, it only develops through a specific set of interactions among developmental, evolutionary, ecological, and physiological processes. Furthermore, play is not always beneficial or adaptive. Part I offers a detailed discussion of play in placental mammals (including children) and develops an integrative framework called surplus resource theory. The most fascinating and most controversial sections of the book, perhaps, are in the seven chapters in part II in which Burghardt presents evidence of playfulness in such unexpected groups of animals as kangaroos, birds, lizards, and "Fish That Leap, Juggle, and Tease." Burghardt concludes by considering the implications of the diversity of play for future research, and suggests that understanding the origin and development of play can shape our view of society and its accomplishments through history.
    Keywords: Cognition and cognitive psychology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JM Psychology::JMT States of consciousness::JMTK Drug-induced states
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: How does the motor cortex enable mammals to generate accurate, complex, and purposeful movements? A cubic millimeter of motor cortex contains roughly ~10^5 cells, an amazing ~4 Km of axons and ~0.4 Km of dendrites, somehow wired together with ~10^9 synapses. Corticospinal neurons (a.k.a. Betz cells, upper motor neurons) are a key cell type, monosynaptically conveying the output of the cortical circuit to the spinal cord circuits and lower motor neurons. But corticospinal neurons are greatly outnumbered by all the other kinds of neurons in motor cortex, which presumably also contribute crucially to the computational operations carried out for planning, executing, and guiding actions. Determining the wiring patterns, the dynamics of signaling, and how these relate to movement at the level of specific excitatory and inhibitory cell types is critically important for a mechanistic understanding of the input-output organization of motor cortex. While there is a predictive microcircuit hypothesis that relates motor learning to the operation of the cerebellar cortex, we lack such a microcircuit understanding in motor cortex and we consider microcircuits as a central research topic in the field. This Research Topic covers any issues relating to the microcircuit-level analysis of motor cortex. Contributions are welcomed from neuroscientists at all levels of investigation, from in vivo physiology and imaging in humans and monkeys, to rodent models, in vitro anatomy, electrophysiology, electroanatomy, cellular imaging, molecular biology, disease models, computational modeling, and more.
    Keywords: RC321-571 ; Q1-390 ; Motor Cortex ; intracortical connectivity ; corticospinal neurons ; directional tuning ; motor control ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
    Language: English
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2024-03-07
    Description: Anacondas, genus Eunectes, are a group of aquatic snakes with a wide distribution in South \nAmerica. The taxonomic status of several species has been uncertain and/or controversial. Using \ngenetic data from four recognized anaconda species across nine countries, this study investigates \nthe phylogenetic relationships within the genus Eunectes. A key finding was the identification of \ntwo distinct clades within Eunectes murinus, revealing two species as cryptic yet genetically deeply \ndivergent. This has led to the recognition of the Northern Green Anaconda as a separate species \n(Eunectes akayima sp. nov), distinct from its southern counterpart (E. murinus), the Southern Green \nAnaconda. Additionally, our data challenge the current understanding of Yellow Anaconda species \nby proposing the unification of Eunectes deschauenseei and Eunectes beniensis into a single species \nwith Eunectes notaeus. This reclassification is based on comprehensive genetic and phylogeographic \nanalyses, suggesting closer relationships than previously recognized and the realization that our \nunderstanding of their geographic ranges is insufficient to justify its use as a separation criterion. We \nalso present a phylogeographic hypothesis that traces the Miocene diversification of anacondas in western South America. Beyond its academic significance, this study has vital implications for the \nconservation of these iconic reptile species, highlighting our lack of knowledge about the diversity of \nthe South American fauna and the need for revised strategies to conserve the newly identified and \nreclassified species.
    Keywords: cryptic diversity ; Boidae ; South America ; Llanos ; Pebas system ; Orinoco basin ; redundant ; species
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
  • 6
    Publication Date: 2021-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0308-597X
    Electronic ISSN: 1872-9460
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Political Science , Law
    Published by Elsevier
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