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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Ecology . ; Conservation biology. ; Zoology. ; Biodiversity. ; Ecology. ; Conservation Biology. ; Zoology. ; Biodiversity.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Part I. Ethology and Behavioral Ecology of Sea Otters -- Taxonomy and Evolution of Sea Otters -- Sea Otter Behavior: Morphologic, Physiologic, and Sensory Adaptations -- Sea Otter Foraging Behavior -- Social Structure of Marine Otters: Inter and Intraspecific Variation -- Reproductive Behavior of Male Sea Otters -- Reproductive Behavior of Female Sea Otters and Their Pups -- Sea Otter Behavior and Its Influence on Littoral Community Structure -- Sea Otter Predator Avoidance Behavior -- Sea Otters and the Maritime Fur Trade -- Part II. Ethology and Behavioral Ecology of Polar Bears -- Polar Bear Taxonomy and Evolution -- Polar Bear Behavior: Morphologic and Physiologic Adaptations -- Polar Bear Foraging Behavior -- Polar Bear Reproductive and Denning Behavior -- Polar Bear Maternal Care, Neonatal Development, and Social Behavior -- Polar Bear Behavior in Response to Climate Change -- Human-Polar Bear Interactions.
    Abstract: Sea otters and polar bears are carnivorous marine mammals that still resemble their terrestrial ancestors. Compared with Cetacea (whales and dolphins), Sirenia (dugongs and manatees), and Pinnipedia (seals, sea lions, and walrus), they are less adapted for an aquatic life and the most recently evolved among marine mammals. Sea otters are amphibious but seldom come ashore, and polar bears primarily occur on sea ice or along the shore. When at sea, both species spend most of their time swimming at the surface or making short, shallow dives when foraging or pursuing prey. Indeed, polar bears rarely pursue seals in water. Nevertheless, polar bears are powerful swimmers and will stalk seals from the water. As with many other large carnivores, they are solitary hunters. Although sea otters are gregarious and form aggregations at sea called rafts, they are primarily asocial. Except during mating, the principal interaction among sea otters occurs between a female and offspring during the six-month dependency period. In large carnivores (e.g., wolves and lions) that feed on ungulates, sociality and cooperation are favored because of the need to capture large prey and defend carcasses. Polar bears, which are the largest terrestrial carnivore, are solitary hunters of seals and are neither gregarious nor social. Males and females briefly associate during courtship and mating. During this time, males aggressively compete for females. At other times, males generally avoid each other except for aggregations of males that form while summering on land, and females with cubs avoid males, which are known for infanticide. As with sea otters, the interaction of polar bears outside of mating occurs between a female and her offspring during the 2-3 year dependency period. This interaction is critically important when altricial cubs are born in the winter den. This book provides new insight into the ethology and behavioral ecology of sea otters and polar bears. Each chapter reviews the discoveries of previous studies and integrates recent research using new techniques and technology. The authors also address historic and current anthropogenic challenges for their survival as climate change alters entire marine ecosystems.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIV, 363 p. 110 illus., 89 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030667962
    Series Statement: Ethology and Behavioral Ecology of Marine Mammals,
    DDC: 577
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Keywords: Fungi. ; Mycology. ; Microbiology. ; Plants Evolution. ; Plant biotechnology. ; Plant diseases. ; Plants Development. ; Fungi. ; Plant Evolution. ; Plant Biotechnology. ; Plant Pathology. ; Plant Development. ; Microbiology.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Overview -- 2. Ectomycorrhizal fungi invasions in Southern South America -- 3. Pseudomonotes tropenbosii, an endemic Dipterocarp tree from a Neotropical terra firme forest in Colombian Amazonia that hosts ectomycorrhizal fungi -- 4. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Colombian Amazon: A Historical Review -- 5. AMF diversity in coffee and cacao agroforestry systems: importance for crop productivity and forest conservation -- 6. Potential of arbuscular mycorrhizas for the remediation of soils impacted with pollutants -- 7. Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Ecuadorian Amazon region. -- 8. Orchid Mycorrhizas in South America: Tropical and Subtropical Ecosystems -- 9. Symbiotic propagation of South American orchids -- 10. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in agroecosystems of East-Central Argentina: two agricultural practices effects on taxonomic groups -- 11. Metal soil contamination, metallophytes and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi from South America -- 12. Native and exotic woodland from Patagonian Andes: Anthropic impacts and Mycorrhizas -- 13. Current Knowledge on Mycorrhizal Symbiosis and Endophytes in northwest Patagonia, Argentina -- 14. Mycorrhizas in Nothofagus from South America: what do we know from nursery and field experiences? -- 15. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the Espinal Ecoregion, gaps and opportunities -- 16. Edible ectomycorrhizal mushrooms in South America -- 17. Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in temperate grassland forage species of Argentina -- 18. Current trends and challenges in viticulture using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi -- 19. Communities of Glomeromycota in the Argentine Arid Diagonal: an approach from their ecological role in grassland management and use -- 20. The current scenario of the distribution, functionality and ecosystemic role of the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in Chile -- 21. Mycorrhizas and Restoration in South America -- 22. Gaps in South American mycorrhizal biodiversity and ecosystem function research.
    Abstract: In order to feed the world, global agriculture will have to double food production by 2050. As a result, the use of soils with fertilizers and pesticides in agronomic ecosystems will increase, taking into account the sustainability of these systems and also the provision of food security. Thus, soil ecosystems, their health, and their quality are directly involved in sustainable agronomical practices, and it is important to recognize the important role of soil microbial communities such as mycorrhizal fungi, their biodiversity, interactions, and functioning. Soil ecosystems are under the threat of biodiversity loss due to an increase of cultivated areas and agronomic exploitation intensity. Also, changes in land use alter the structure and function of ecosystems where biodiversity is vital in the ecosystem. Soils are a major aid in food production in all terrestrial ecosystems; however, this means they are also involved in gas emission and global warming. Thus, in agronomic ecosystems, several mitigation practices have been proposed to promote the increase of carbon soil stock, and the reduction of warming gas emission from soils. In South America, most of the rural population depends economically on agriculture and usually works in family units. New, organic, safe, and sustainable agro-forestry practices must be applied to support local communities and countries to achieve hunger eradication, rural poverty reduction, and sustainable development. This book compiles new information for mycorrhizal occurrence in natural and anthropic environments in South America. It includes new reports of mycorrhizal fungi diversity along different mycorrhizal types and their effect on plant communities, plant invasions, the use of mycorrhizal fungi for ecological and sustainable studies, management programs of natural and agroecosystems, and forestry and food-secure production. This book fills the gaps in biodiversity knowledge, management and safe food production of mycorrhizas. It should be a valuable help to researchers, professors and students, to aid in use of mycorrhizal fungi while also focusing on their biodiversity, sustainable safe food production, and conservation perspectives.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: VIII, 465 p. 65 illus., 58 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031129940
    Series Statement: Fungal Biology,
    DDC: 579.5
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 81 (1959), S. 5420-5423 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 77 (1955), S. 89-92 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 77 (1955), S. 4557-4559 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 23 (1958), S. 311-313 
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
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    In:  XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)
    Publication Date: 2023-09-06
    Description: PLATO (PLAnetary Transits and Oscillations of stars) is ESA’s M3 mission and designed to detect and characterize extrasolar planets by high-precision, long-term photometric and asteroseismic monitoring of a large number of stars. PLATO will detect small planets around bright stars, including terrestrial planets in the habitable zone of solar-like stars. With the complement of radial velocity observation from ground, planets will be characterized for their radius, mass, and age with high accuracy. PLATO will provide us the first large-scale catalogue of well-characterized small planets up to intermediate orbital periods, relevant for a meaningful comparison to planet formation theories and to better understand planet evolution. It will make possible comparative exoplanetology to place our solar system planets in a broader context. PLATO will study (host) stars using asteroseismology, allowing us to determine the stellar properties with high accuracy, substantially enhancing our knowledge of stellar structure and evolution. PLATO is scheduled for a launch date end 2026. Development of the spacecraft and the payload, which includes the serial production of its 26 cameras, has started. This presentation will give an overview of the PLATO science goals, of its instrument and mission profile status.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 8
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    In:  XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)
    Publication Date: 2023-09-29
    Description: Basaltic volcanoes are characterised by persistent periods of eruptive activity, considerable outgassing and a range of geophysical manifestations. By integrating monitoring data in a multi-parametric approach, volcano observatories attempt to predict eruptions and detect eruptive precursors. Among the monitoring data stream, the strength between volcanic seismic signals and SO2 flux plume outgassing cover a main role. Our study focuses on the relationship between the plume bulk SO2 fluxes, low-frequency seismic transients and their link with the eruptive activity at Mt. Etna between January 2007 and December 2015. Both parameters were statistically explored and their association summarised in an index named ‘Pressurization index’ (Pi). Results revealed multi-monthly cyclicality of the Pi, showing rapid fluctuations in relation to changes in the volcano activity. In particular, prolonged periods of high values of the index coincide with the decrease/end of eruptive stages. More specifically, waxing-waning phases with high values of the Pi, were observed during the occurrence of explosive sequences at the summit Central Craters followed by the resumption of eruptive activity. The behaviour of the Pi with respect to volcanic activity might suggest pressurisation/depression episodes caused by changes in the viscosity grade of the uppermost part of the magmatic column. These changes may modulate the degassing efficiency with consequently pressure increase within the shallow feeding system, leading to sudden explosions and more in general eruptive activity. Results achieved in this study might lead to a better understanding of the relationship between eruptive activity and monitored parameters at Mt. Etna and basaltic volcanoes worldwide.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2023-05-04
    Description: Sources of geophysical noise (such as wind, sea waves and earthquakes) or of anthropogenic noise impact ground-based gravitational-wave interferometric detectors, causing transient sensitivity worsening and gaps in data taking. During the one year-long third observing run (O3: from April 01, 2019 to March 27, 2020), the Virgo Collaboration collected a statistically significant dataset, used in this article to study the response of the detector to a variety of environmental conditions. We correlated environmental parameters to global detector performance, such as observation range, duty cycle and control losses. Where possible, we identified weaknesses in the detector that will be used to elaborate strategies in order to improve Virgo robustness against external disturbances for the next data taking period, O4, currently planned to start at the end of 2022. The lessons learned could also provide useful insights for the design of the next generation of ground-based interferometers.
    Description: Published
    Description: 235009
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Gravitational waves ; ambient noise ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2024-01-22
    Description: Numerous geological risks characterise urban areas, one of the most undervalued of which is the sinkhole risk connected to underground cavities. In the Lazio Region, the subsoil of many beautiful art cities like Rieti and Viterbo is rich in underground cavities, mainly anthropogenic because of their thousand-year history and the geological substrate’s peculiar characteristics. These cavities have very different ages and types, the oldest dates back to the Etruscan and Archaic times. However, their excavation continued uninterrupted during the Roman and Medieval times until the Second World War, when many were readapted as bomb shelters. An interdisciplinary approach that combines geological and geotechnical aspects integrated by geophysics with historical and archaeological data in a GIS project can allow an efficient census of these cavities, defining not only their morphology and their functions but also hypothesising their continuation in unexplored or collapsed traits. Such a census is indispensable to estimate and, therefore, mitigate the sinkhole’s risk and better define risk, including the seismic response of a subsoil articulated and altered by many levels of underground cavities.
    Description: Published
    Description: 50-57
    Description: OSA2: Evoluzione climatica: effetti e loro mitigazione
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Historical cartography ; GIS ; sinkhole ; anthropic cavities ; geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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