ALBERT

Beschreibung: Background: We started a randomized phase II trial [NCT01572662] that compared the safety of two myeloablative fractionated ("timed-sequential") busulfan with fludarabine (Bu-Flu) conditioning regimens: one with a lower dose of busulfan (area under the curve [AUC] of 16 000 μmol.min; 16K arm) and one with a higher dose (AUC of 20 000 μmol.min; 20K arm). After 49 patients were treated on the 16K group and 48 patients on the 20K group, the randomization was stopped as the higher dose arm was found to be as safe as the lower dose arm. The outcomes of those patients were previously reported, with the primary endpoint of interest being day 100 non-relapse mortality (NRM). The trial then continued enrolment as a single-arm study with increased accrual onto the higher dose arm. The current paper reports long-term outcomes of a total of 150 patients treated on the higher dose arm with an extended median follow-up of over 3.5 years. Methods: Patients with hematological malignancies up to 75 years of age were included. Bu dosing was determined on the basis of pharmacokinetic (PK) analyses conducted after day -13 and day -6 dose to achieve target AUC 20 000 ± 12% μmol.min (20K arm). On days −13 and −12, patients received 80 mg/m2 Bu IV daily as outpatient. Then, Flu 40 mg/m2 and Bu IV once daily were given as inpatient from day −6 though −3. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis consisted of tacrolimus from day −2 and methotrexate on days 1, 3, 6, and 11. Results: The median age was 61 years (interquartile range, 55-67); most were males (91; 61%) had an unrelated donor (n=93, 62%) and received peripheral blood graft (n=110, 73.3%). The most common diagnoses were acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (n = 88, 58.7%). Among AML, 41% (n=24) were in CR, 44% (n=26) had primary induction failure and 15% (n=9) had relapsed disease without attaining CR before HCT. Over half had HCT-Specific Comorbidity Index (HCT-CI) 〉3 (n=79, 52.7%). Estimated relapse, NRM, and overall survival (OS) were 40% (95% confidence interval (CI), 32.1%-47.9%), 22% (95% CI, 15.3%-28.7%), and 49.1% (95% CI, 41.7%-57.8%) at 3 years [Table]. The highest relapse rate at 3 years was noted in patients with myeloma (70.6%), followed by MDS (51.7%), and lymphoma (46.2%), while it was the lowest in myelofibrosis (13.6%). Among AML patients not in CR, the rate of relapse was not higher than those who were in CR (37.1% and 41.7%, respectively at 3 years). NRM at 3 years ranged from 7.7% (lymphoma) to 37.1% (AML, not in CR). Lymphoma patients had the lowest NRM (7.7%) and the best OS (69.2%) at 3 years, while AML patients not in CR had the highest NRM (37.1%) and the lowest OS (31.4%) [Figure]. Patients with HCT-CI 0-2 had lower NRM (14.1%; 95% CI, 5.9%-22.3%) and better OS (57.2%; 95% CI, 46.7%-70.1%) than those with HCT-CI 〉 3 (NRM: 29.1%; 95% CI, 19%-39.2% & OS: 41.7%; 95% CI, 32.2%-54.2%). Day 100 cumulative incidence of grade II-V acute GVHD was 38% (95% CI, 30.2%-45.8%), grade III-IV was 11.3% (95% CI, 6.2%- 16.4%). At 3 years, cumulative incidence of extensive chronic GVHD was 27% (95% CI, 20%-34%), bronchiolitis obliterans was 4.7% (95% CI, 1.3%-8.1%), and secondary malignancies was 8.7% (95% CI, 4.1%-13.2%). Conclusion: The fractionated myeloablative Bu-Flu conditioning regimen is well tolerated and leads to acceptable risk of NRM, relapse and long term survival in older patients, those with high risk disease and high comorbidities. Acknowledging the high risk study population, the long term outcomes, although acceptable, provide a framework to further improve upon. Modifications of this fractionated Bu-Flu regimen to further enhance its efficacy (with the addition of other chemotherapy agents) while reducing the toxicity and risk of NRM (with an inclusion of novel GVHD prophylaxis regimens) are currently being investigated. Disclosures Mehta: Incyte: Research Funding; Kadmon: Research Funding; CSL Behring: Research Funding. Alousi:Therakos: Research Funding; Alexion: Honoraria; Incyte: Honoraria, Research Funding. Bashir:Celgene: Research Funding; Amgen: Other: Advisory Board; KITE: Other: Advisory Board; Purdue: Other: Advisory Board; Takeda: Other: Advisory Board, Research Funding; Acrotech: Research Funding; StemLine: Research Funding. Hosing:NKARTA Inc.: Consultancy. Kebriaei:Novartis: Other: Served on advisory board; Amgen: Other: Research Support; Jazz: Consultancy; Kite: Other: Served on advisory board; Ziopharm: Other: Research Support; Pfizer: Other: Served on advisory board. Oran:Celgene: Consultancy; Arog Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding; ASTEX: Research Funding. Qazilbash:Angiocrine: Research Funding; Amgen: Research Funding; Bioclinica: Consultancy; Bioline: Research Funding; Janssen: Research Funding. Shpall:Takeda: Other: Licensing Agreement; Magenta: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Adaptimmune: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Zelluna: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Champlin:Takeda: Patents & Royalties; Johnson and Johnson: Consultancy; Actinium: Consultancy; Cytonus: Consultancy; Omeros: Consultancy; Genzyme: Speakers Bureau; DKMS America: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Popat:Bayer: Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding.

Beschreibung: Background: Recent approval of ruxolitinib (rux) for steroid refractory graft versus host disease (GvHD) has revolutionized the field and provided tremendous choice for the patients. However, the side effects including thrombocytopenia leads to dug discontinuation and intolerance. We have previously shown that adoptive therapy with cord blood (CB) derived T regulatory (Treg) cells can prevent and treat GvHD. We hypothesized that the addition of CB Treg therapy to rux based therapy can augment overall efficacy. Methods: CellTrace Violet suppression assay was performed to evaluate the suppressor function of CB Treg cells in the presence or absence of rux. Xenogenic GvHD mouse model was utilized where the NSG mice underwent sublethal irradiation on day -1 followed by injection of 1x107 donor peripheral blood (PB) mononuclear cells (MNCs) on day 0. Oral rux at 1 mg daily was fed continuously to the mice in the presence or absence of 1x107 CB Treg cells, tagged with CellTrace Violet dye, administered on days +4, +7, +11, +18. Mice were followed every other day for weight, GvHD score and survival. Serial blood draws were performed to analyze for cell compartment and cytokine assays. Results: We examine whether the addition of rux impacts the suppressor function of CB Treg cells. Varying concentration of rux including 0.01, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.5 µM were added at 24, 48 and 96 hours of the cell suppression assay. The addition of rux 0.05 µM at 48 hours of the cell suppression culture led to a restoration of poor cell function (Figure A). Lowest GVHD score was reported in the rux+CB Treg combination arms at day +14 when compared to rux alone or CB Treg alone arm which (Figure B) translated into a superior survival in the rux +CB Treg arm (Figure C). Furthermore, an increase in the hemoglobin level (Figure D) and the platelet count (Figure E) was demonstrated in the rux+CB Treg arm. Addition of rux led to longer persistence of the injected CB Treg cells on day 14 (data not shown) which correlated with the increase in the plasma level of the pro-Treg cell signaling markers including IL-7 (Figure F) and IL-15 (Figure G). A decrease in the IL-4 production supported the increased Treg cell function (Figure H). A synergistic suppression of inflammatory cytokines including IL-17 (Figure I) and IL1A (Figure J) was evident in the rux+CB Treg arm. Conclusion: The combination of CB Tregs with ruxolitinib leads to improved overall survival, decreased inflammatory cytokines and improved hematologic parameters. Such combination should be explored in a clinical setting Figure Disclosures Sadeghi: Cellenkos Inc.: Current Employment. Parmar:Cellenkos Inc.: Current equity holder in private company, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Patents & Royalties, Research Funding.

Beschreibung: Disease relapse remains the major cause of treatment failure following hematopoietic transplantation for AML/MDS. A major goal is to develop more effective antileukemic regimens without excessive toxicity. Fludarabine (Flu) with IV Busulfan (Bu) recently has replaced TBI- and double alkylator regimens in pretransplant conditioning because of its improved safety. Post-transplant relapse is still a major concern. Clofarabine (Clo) has improved antileukemic activity compared with Flu, and cell line studies indicated that Flu and Clo with Bu may be synergistic and superior to Flu alone with Bu. We previously conducted a phase II study of different combinations of Flu and Clo with Bu; the best results were obtained with Flu 10 mg/m2 and Clo 30 mg/m2 daily, with Bu, in four daily doses. We then performed a phase III randomized controlled trial comparing Flu-Clo-Bu (FCB) with our standard Flu-Bu regimen. Busulfan was given with PK-guided dosing to an average daily AUC of 6000 mM-min for age ≤60 and 4000 mM-min for patient ages 61-70. GVHD prophylaxis was tacrolimus-mini methotrexate. Unrelated donor recipients received low-dose rabbit ATG, total dose of 4 mg/kg. Patients aged 3-70 with intermediate or high risk AML or MDS, with PS〉70% and adequate organ function were eligible if they had an HLA identical related or 9/10 or 10/10 matched unrelated donor. There was no restriction for preexisting comorbid conditions. Patients were stratified based on disease status, complete remission (CR) vs. no CR (NCR). 250 patients were randomized; 120 received FCB and 130 got Flu-Bu. 95 had a matched sibling, 155 a matched unrelated donor. Median age was 51 yrs. 181 had AML, 69 MDS, and 92 (37%) had poor risk cytogenetics. 133 patients were in remission; 117 had active disease. Comorbidity indices (HCT-CI) varied from 0-10 and were evenly distributed between the groups. Performance status was 〉90% in 88%. All evaluable patients (n=249) achieved engraftment. 95 (38%) developed grade 2 and 16 (6%) grade 3-4 acute GVHD, while 93 (39%) got chronic GVHD. The median progression-free survival (PFS) for the FCB group was 39.3 mos and for the Flu-Bu group was 28.1 mos. There was a significantly lower risk of progression with FCB (p=0.025), but this benefit was offset by a higher risk of NRM (p=0.018) (Fig. a). There was no significant difference in PFS for patients in CR, but [NCR age ≤60 years] patients had median PFS of 28 mos with FCB vs. 8 mos with Flu-Bu (Fig. b). For patients age 〉 60 years, FCB yielded a median PFS ~25 mos compared with 6 mos with Flu-Bu (Fig. c). Additional analysis revealed that NCR patients with a low HCT-CI (0-2) benefited more from FCB than from Flu-Bu. The overall survival (OS) for the (NCR, HCT 0-2) group was also longer with FCB than with Flu-Bu (Fig. d). A Bayesian regression analysis including treatment-covariate interactions showed that most of the benefit of FCB was seen in this subgroup, while patients with HCT scores of ≥3 were less likely to benefit overall from FCB due to higher TRM with FCB. Our trial demonstrates the safety of the FCB regimen in patients with HCT 0-2 and better disease control with FCB compared with Flu-Bu in NCR patients. Patients with ≥3 comorbid conditions are at increased risk for TRM associated with FCB, somewhat offsetting the antileukemic benefit. Thus, clinical application of FCB should take CR status and performance status into account, and also include a personalized assessment of the risk for treatment-related complications based on the nature and number of preexisting comorbid conditions. Finally, age did not play a role for the use of FCB; it can be safely utilized in appropriate patients up to 70 years of age, and can be expected to yield better disease control. Figure Disclosures Alousi: Therakos: Research Funding; Incyte: Honoraria, Research Funding; Alexion: Honoraria. Bashir:Amgen: Other: Advisory Board; Purdue: Other: Advisory Board; KITE: Other: Advisory Board; Takeda: Other: Advisory Board, Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Acrotech: Research Funding; StemLine: Research Funding. Ciurea:Kiadis Pharma: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Research Funding. Hosing:NKARTA Inc.: Consultancy. Kebriaei:Pfizer: Other: Served on advisory board; Ziopharm: Other: Research Support; Novartis: Other: Served on advisory board; Amgen: Other: Research Support; Kite: Other: Served on advisory board; Jazz: Consultancy. Oran:Celgene: Consultancy; ASTEX: Research Funding; Arog Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding. Rezvani:Pharmacyclics: Other: Educational grant; Formula Pharma: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Adicet Bio: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; GemoAb: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Virogen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Affimed: Other: Educational grant; Takeda: Other: Licensing agreement. Shah:BMS, Janssen, Bluebird Bio, Sutro Biopharma, Teneobio, Poseida, Nektar: Research Funding; GSK, Amgen, Indapta Therapeutics, Sanofi, BMS, CareDx, Kite, Karyopharm: Consultancy. Shpall:Adaptimmune: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Zelluna: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Takeda: Other: Licensing Agreement; Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Magenta: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Parmar:Cellenkos Inc.: Current equity holder in private company, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Patents & Royalties, Research Funding. Popat:Bayer: Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding. Nieto:Secura Bio: Other: Grant Support; Astra Zeneca: Other: Grant Support; Novartis: Other: Grant Support; Affimed: Consultancy, Other: Grant Support. Champlin:Omeros: Consultancy; Takeda: Patents & Royalties; Actinium: Consultancy; DKMS America: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Cytonus: Consultancy; Genzyme: Speakers Bureau; Johnson and Johnson: Consultancy. OffLabel Disclosure: The use of fludarabine and clofarabine is not approved by the FDA in pretranpslant conditioning therapy.

Beschreibung: Background Most PMBCL pts are cured with frontline chemoimmunotherapy ± RT. Data are scant regarding the role of HDC/ASCT for R/R PMBCL, and the benefit of RT administered peri-HDC/ASCT. Our institutional approach has focused on developing potentially more active HDC regimens, and on consideration of post-ASCT consolidation RT, especially for pts who had not achieved a CR at the time of HDC. Methods We retrospectively analyzed all patients (pts) with R/R PMBCL treated with HDC/ASCT at MDACC between 01/01/2000-12/31/2019. All pts underwent similar standard pre-SCT evaluation and met eligibility criteria as per our institutional guidelines. Response assessment differed over time and included CT and gallium scan (N=9) and PET/CT (N=49). Cox proportional hazards regression models evaluated the associations of the specific HDC regimen and clinical covariates of interest with EFS and OS. Results 58 pts received HDC/ASCT with BEAM-rituximab (N=36) or rituximab/gemcitabine/busulfan/melphalan ± vorinostat (R-GemBuMel) (n=22) (Table 1). The R-GemBuMel group included more pts pretreated with 〉2 lines of therapy than the R-BEAM group (55% vs. 28%, p=0.025), had fewer pts in CR (41% vs. 69%, P=0.01) and more pts in PD/SD at ASCT (32% vs. 3%, P=0.01). Prior RT at a median 44 (36-48) Gy was administered to 29 pts (20 R-BEAM, 9 R-GemBuMel, P=0.27). Nineteen pts (89% not in CR at SCT) who had not previously received full doses of RT received post-SCT RT (6 after BEAM, 13 after R-GemBuMel, P1) (HR 0.28, p=0.009) were associated with improved EFS, whereas older age (HR= 1.08 per year above median, p=0.005), refractory disease (SD/PD) at SCT (vs. CR/PR) (HR 5.44, p=0.01) correlated with worse EFS. Likewise, R-GemBuMel (HR= 0.16, p=0.03) and 1 organ involved (HR=0.17, p=0.004) significantly resulted in improved OS, whereas older age (HR= 1.11, p=0.002), and refractory (SD/PD) disease at SCT (HR= 21.27, p=0.001) correlated with worse OS. Neither sex nor disease status (primary refractory vs. relapse) nor No. prior lines (2 vs. 〉2) nor pre-SCT RT nor post-SCT RT correlated significantly with EFS or OS. Conclusions HDC/ASCT for R/R PMBCL pts, with post-SCT RT for pts with active disease at SCT, results in favorable long-term results. R-GemBuMel ± vorinostat seems to improve EFS and OS compared to R-BEAM. Disclosures Alousi: Incyte: Honoraria, Research Funding; Therakos: Research Funding; Alexion: Honoraria. Hosing:NKARTA Inc.: Consultancy. Kebriaei:Amgen: Other: Research Support; Ziopharm: Other: Research Support; Kite: Other: Served on advisory board; Pfizer: Other: Served on advisory board; Jazz: Consultancy; Novartis: Other: Served on advisory board. Popat:Bayer: Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding. Qazilbash:Angiocrine: Research Funding; Bioline: Research Funding; Janssen: Research Funding; Bioclinica: Consultancy; Amgen: Research Funding. Shpall:Zelluna: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Adaptimmune: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Magenta: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Takeda: Other: Licensing Agreement. Champlin:Takeda: Patents & Royalties; Genzyme: Speakers Bureau; Cytonus: Consultancy; Omeros: Consultancy; Actinium: Consultancy; Johnson and Johnson: Consultancy; DKMS America: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Nieto:Affimed: Consultancy, Other: Grant Support; Novartis: Other: Grant Support; Astra Zeneca: Other: Grant Support; Secura Bio: Other: Grant Support.

Beschreibung: HDC/ASCT is standard treatment of chemosensitive relapsed HL, with worse results for high-risk relapses (HRR) than for low-risk relapses. Aiming to improve the results of BEAM, we have studied newer HDC regimens seeking synergistic inhibition of DNA damage repair: gemcitabine/busulfan/melphalan (GBM) (Nieto, 2012) and vorinostat + GBM (SAHA/GBM) (Nieto, 2015). We wished to describe the evolution of results in HRR HL over the last 15 years and identify prognostic features. Methods We retrospectively analyzed all pts with HRR HL treated at MDACC with HDC/ASCT between 1/1/2005-12/31/2019. HRR HL was defined by ≥1 of the modified AETHERA criteria: primary refractory disease, relapse within 1 year of completing initial therapy, extranodal extension at relapse, B symptoms at relapse, or requiring 〉 1 salvage therapy line. All pts underwent similar pre-SCT evaluation and met eligibility criteria as per our institutional guidelines. HDC regimens included BEAM, busulfan/melphalan (BuMel), GBM and SAHA/GBM. Post-ASCT consolidative radiotherapy (RT) was considered for bulky relapses and/or PET+ lesions at ASCT. We evaluated age, gender, ASCT year, primary refractory disease, prior disease-free interval (DFI), prior radiotherapy (RT), relapse within prior RT field, extranodal extension at relapse, B symptoms at relapse, bulky relapse (largest lesion 〉5 cm), No. prior relapses, No. prior lines of therapy, prior brentuximab vedotin (BV), prior anti-PD1, PET results at ASCT, post-ASCT maintenance BV and post-ASCT RT. Differences by regimen cohort were tested with Kruskal Wallis or chi-square tests. Outcomes were compared with the log-rank test. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses evaluated factors associated with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Results A total of 501 pts, treated with BEAM (N=146), BuMel (N=38), GBM (N=189) and SAHA/GBM (N=128), were analyzed (Table 1). The GBM and SAHA/GBM cohorts had significantly more high-risk criteria (P=0.0006), with more pts with primary refractory disease (P=0.001) and bulky relapse (P