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  • 2015-2019  (80)
  • 1995-1999
  • 2015  (80)
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  • 2015-2019  (80)
  • 1995-1999
Year
  • 1
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    Diagnostic value of nucleic acid amplification tests on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis: A meta-analysis (2015)
    Portland Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-05-13
    Description: The diagnosis of smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis remains a clinical challenge. Many studies suggest that nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) plays a role in diagnosing smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis, but with considerable varying results. The current study aimed to summarize the overall diagnostic accuracy of NAATs assay on BALF for smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis. A systematic literature search was performed and data were retrieved. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were calculated. A summary receiver operating characteristic curve and area under curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the overall diagnostic performance. All the statistical analysis was performed by using STATA 12.0 and Meta-DiSc 1.4 software. A total of nine studies with 1,214 subjects were included this meta-analysis.The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, and DOR were 0.54 (95%CI: 0.48–0.59), 0.97 (95%CI: 0.95–0.98), 12.13 (95% CI: 8.23-17.88), 0.36 (95% CI: 0.23-0.56), and 44.71 (95%CI: 22.30–89.63), respectively. The AUC was 0.96. Estimated positive and negative post-probability values for asmear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis prevalence of 20% were 82% and 7%, respectively. No publication bias was identified. Current available evidence indicated that NAATs on BALF may play a role in diagnosing smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis, while the results should be interpreted in parallel with clinical information of patients and the results of traditional tests. Further studies should be performed to confirm our findings.
    Print ISSN: 0144-8463
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-4935
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Portland Press
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  • 2
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    Dual Fano and Lorentzian line profile properties of autoionizing states (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-06-25
    Description: Author(s): B. Tu, J. Xiao, K. Yao, Y. Shen, Y. Yang, D. Lu, W. X. Li, M. L. Qiu, X. Wang, C. Y. Chen, Y. Fu, B. Wei, C. Zheng, L. Y. Huang, B. H. Zhang, Y. J. Tang, R. Hutton, and Y. Zou Photon absorption spectroscopy is a powerful tool for uncovering the structure of atoms, molecules, and solids. Symmetric Lorentzian and asymmetric Fano line shapes are fundamental spectroscopic signatures related to the structural and dynamical properties. Recently, Ott et al. [ Science 340 , 716 (20... [Phys. Rev. A 91, 060502(R)] Published Mon Jun 22, 2015
    Keywords: Atomic and molecular structure and dynamics
    Print ISSN: 1050-2947
    Electronic ISSN: 1094-1622
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 3
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    Accurate disulfide-bonding network predictions improve ab initio structure prediction of cysteine-rich proteins (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-11-21
    Description: Motivation: Cysteine-rich proteins cover many important families in nature but there are currently no methods specifically designed for modeling the structure of these proteins. The accuracy of disulfide connectivity pattern prediction, particularly for the proteins of higher-order connections, e.g. 〉3 bonds, is too low to effectively assist structure assembly simulations. Results: We propose a new hierarchical order reduction protocol called Cyscon for disulfide-bonding prediction. The most confident disulfide bonds are first identified and bonding prediction is then focused on the remaining cysteine residues based on SVR training. Compared with purely machine learning-based approaches, Cyscon improved the average accuracy of connectivity pattern prediction by 21.9%. For proteins with more than 5 disulfide bonds, Cyscon improved the accuracy by 585% on the benchmark set of PDBCYS. When applied to 158 non-redundant cysteine-rich proteins, Cyscon predictions helped increase (or decrease) the TM-score (or RMSD) of the ab initio QUARK modeling by 12.1% (or 14.4%). This result demonstrates a new avenue to improve the ab initio structure modeling for cysteine-rich proteins. Availability and implementation: http://www.csbio.sjtu.edu.cn/bioinf/Cyscon/ Contact: zhng@umich.edu or hbshen@sjtu.edu.cn Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
    Print ISSN: 1367-4803
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2059
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 4
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    Field alignment of bent-core smectic liquid crystals for analog optical phase modulation (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-05-12
    Description: A general method for aligning bent-core smectic liquid crystal materials is described. Alternating electric fields between interdigitated electrodes patterned on one cell surface create torques on the liquid crystal that result in uniform “bookshelf” orientation of the smectic layers. The aligned cell can then be driven in the conventional way by applying an electric field between all of the stripe electrodes connected together and a monolithic electrode on the other cell surface. Fast, analog, optical phase-only modulation is demonstrated in a device containing a polar, bent-core material aligned using this technique. SmAP F
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 5
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    Magnetization Reversal by Out-of-plane Voltage in BiFeO3-based Multiferroic Heterostructures (2015)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-05-22
    Description: Voltage controlled 180° magnetization reversal has been achieved in BiFeO3-based multiferroic heterostructures, which is promising for the future development of low-power spintronic devices. However, all existing reports involve the use of an in-plane voltage that is unfavorable for practical device applications. Here, we investigate, using phase-field simulations, the out-of-plane (i.e., perpendicular to heterostructures) voltage controlled magnetism in heterostructures consisting of CoFe nanodots and (110) BiFeO3 thin film or island. It is predicted that the in-plane component of the canted magnetic moment at the CoFe/BiFeO3 interface can be reversed repeatedly by applying a perpendicular voltage across the bottom (110) BiFeO3 thin film, which further leads to an in-plane magnetization reversal in the overlaying CoFe nanodot. The non-volatility of such perpendicular voltage controlled magnetization reversal can be achieved by etching the continuous BiFeO3 film into isolated nanoislands with the same in-plane sizes as the CoFe nanodot. The findings would provide general guidelines for future experimental and engineering efforts on developing the electric-field controlled spintronic devices with BiFeO3-based multiferroic heterostructures. Scientific Reports 5 doi: 10.1038/srep10459
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-2322
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 6
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    Polarisation dependence of the squash mode in the extreme low frequency vibrational region of single walled carbon nanotubes (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-05-19
    Description: There is considerable interest in the vibrational modes of carbon nanotubes as they can be used to determine interaction potentials. In particular, theory predicts the appearance of so called squash modes (SMs, with E 2 g symmetry representation) at very low frequencies. These SMs are expected to be extremely sensitive to environmental changes and thus ideal as nanoscale probes. Here, we report clear experimental evidence for the existence of SMs of ordered, dry, single walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) arrays with peaks as close as 18 cm −1 to the laser excitation. Furthermore, we confirm the theoretical predictions regarding the angular and polarisation dependent variations of the SM's intensity with respect to the excitation. Additionally, using both SM and radial breathing mode data, we unambiguously assign the chirality and diameter of the SWNTs in our sample.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 7
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    A Hybrid Finite Difference Method for Pricing Two-Asset Double Barrier Options (2015)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-02-13
    Description: The pricing of the two-asset double barrier option is modeled as an initial-boundary value problem of the two-dimensional Black-Scholes partial differential equation. We use the hybrid finite different method to solve the problem. The hybrid method is a combination of the Laplace transform and a finite difference method. It is more efficient than a traditional finite difference method to obtain a solution without a step-by-step process. The method is implemented on a computer. Two numerical examples are calculated to verify the performance of the hybrid method. In our numerical examples, the convergence rate of the method is approximately two. We conclude that the method is efficient for pricing two-asset barrier options.
    Print ISSN: 1024-123X
    Electronic ISSN: 1563-5147
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 8
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    FREE1 regulates protein trafficking and autophagy [Plant Biology] (2015)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-02-11
    Description: Protein turnover can be achieved via the lysosome/vacuole and the autophagic degradation pathways. Evidence has accumulated revealing that efficient autophagic degradation requires functional endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) machinery. However, the interplay between the ESCRT machinery and the autophagy regulator remains unclear. Here, we show that FYVE domain...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 9
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    Note: A pulsed laser ion source for linear induction accelerators (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-01-13
    Description: We have developed a high-current laser ion source for induction accelerators. A copper target was irradiated by a frequency-quadrupled Nd:YAG laser (266 nm) with relatively low intensities of 10 8 W/cm 2 . The laser-produced plasma supplied a large number of Cu + ions (∼10 12 ions/pulse) during several microseconds. Emission spectra of the plasma were observed and the calculated electron temperature was about 1 eV. An induction voltage adder extracted high-current ion beams over 0.5 A/cm 2 from a plasma-prefilled gap. The normalized beam emittance measured by a pepper-pot method was smaller than 1 π mm mrad.
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 10
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    Preparation and characterization of titania/silicone nanocomposite material (2015)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-07-17
    Description: The preparation and properties of high refractive index nanocomposite material were studied. The TiO 2 nanoparticles were synthesized by sol-gel method using acetic acid as a chelating ligand. The nanoparticles were dispersed directly into the polymer matrix to prepare transparent high refractive index nanocomposite thin films. The refractive index of films will be enhanced with the increase of titania contents. The particles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), respectively. The results showed that all samples with different amounts of TiO 2 exhibit good optical transparency. Furthermore, the pattern of the TiO 2 NPs shows a pure anatase phases. From TEM image, the TiO 2 has little agglomeration. The FT-IR spectrum indicated that acetate ions and titanium ions show good chelation.
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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