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  • Earth Resources and Remote Sensing  (6)
  • 2015-2019
  • 2000-2004  (6)
  • 2002  (6)
  • 1
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    The cold land processes experiment (CLPX) local scale observatin site (LSOS) (2002)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-08
    Description: The Local Scale Observation Site (LSOS) is the smallest study site of the Cold LandProcesses Experiment (CLPX) and is located within the Fraser Meso-cell Study Area (MSA), near the Fraser Experimental Forest Headquarters Facility, in Fraser, CO USA.The 100-m x 100-m site consists of a small open field, a managed dense canopy and an open, mixed age canopy. Unlike the other components of the experiment, which focus on spatial distributions at relatively brief snapshots in time, measurements at the local scale site focused on the temporal domain.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
    Type: Fall Meeting of the American Geophysical Union; San Francisco, CA; United States
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Remote Sensing of Suspended Sediments and Shallow Coastal Waters (2002)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-06
    Description: Ocean color sensors were designed mainly for remote sensing of chlorophyll concentrations over the clear open oceanic areas (case 1 water) using channels between 0.4 and 0.86 micrometers. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) launched on the NASA Terra and Aqua Spacecrafts is equipped with narrow channels located within a wider wavelength range between 0.4 and 2.5 micrometers for a variety of remote sensing applications. The wide spectral range can provide improved capabilities for remote sensing of the more complex and turbid coastal waters (case 2 water) and for improved atmospheric corrections for Ocean scenes. In this article, we describe an empirical algorithm that uses this wide spectral range to identifying areas with suspended sediments in turbid waters and shallow waters with bottom reflections. The algorithm takes advantage of the strong water absorption at wavelengths longer than 1 micrometer that does not allow illumination of sediments in the water or a shallow ocean floor. MODIS data acquired over the east coast of China, west coast of Africa, Arabian Sea, Mississippi Delta, and west coast of Florida are used in this study.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Remote Sensing System Requirements Development: A Simulation-Based Approach (2002)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-18
    Description: Earth science research and application requirements for multispectral data have often been driven by currently available remote sensing technology. Few parametric studies exist that specify data required for certain applications. Consequently, data requirements are often defined based on the best data available or on what has worked successfully in the past. Since properites such as spatial resolution, swath width, spectral bands, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), data quantization, and band-to-band registration drive sensor platform and spaceraft system architecture and cost, analysis of these criteria is important to objectively optimize system design. Remote sensing data requirements are also linked to calibration and characterization methods. Parameters such as spatial resolution, radiometric accuracy, and geopositional accuracy affect the complexity and cost of calibration methods. However, there are few studies that quantify the true accuracies required for specific problems. As calibration methods and standards are proposed, it is important that they be tied to well-known data requirements. The Application Research Toolbox (ART) developed at Stennis Space Center provides a simulation-based method for multispectral data requirements development. The ART produces simulated data sets from hyperspectral data through band synthesis. Parameters such as spectral band shape and width, SNR, data quantization, spatial resolution, and band-to-band registration can be varied to create many different simulated data products. Simulated data utility can then be assessed for different applications so that requirements can be better understood. This paper describes the ART and its applicability for rigorously deriving remote sensing data requirements.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
    Type: SE-2002-00010-SSC , International Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Commission I Mid-Term Symposium; Nov 08, 2002 - Nov 15, 2002; Denver, CO; United States
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Measurement Sets and Sites Commonly Used for Characterization (2002)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-18
    Description: Scientists at NASA's Earth Science Applications Directorate are creating a well-characterized Verification & Validation (V&V) site at the Stennis Space Center. This site enables the in-flight characterization of remote sensing systems and the data they acquire. The data are predominantly acquired by commercial, high spatial resolution satellite systems, such as IKONOS and QuickBird 2, and airborne systems. The smaller scale of these newer high resolution remote sensing systems allows scientists to characterize the geometric, spatial, and radiometric data properties using a single V&V site. The targets and techniques used to characterize data from these newer systems can differ significantly from the techniques used to characterize data from the earlier, coarser spatial resolution systems. Scientists are also using the SSC V&V site to characterize thermal infrared systems and active LIDAR systems. SSC employs geodetic targets, edge targets, radiometric tarps, and thermal calibration ponds to characterize remote sensing data products. This paper presents a proposed set of required measurements for visible through long-wave infrared remote sensing systems and a description of the Stennis characterization. Other topics discussed include: 1) The use of ancillary atmospheric and solar measurements taken at SSC that support various characterizations; 2) Additional sites used for radiometric, geometric, and spatial characterization in the continental United States; 3) The need for a standardized technique to be adopted by CEOS and other organizations.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
    Type: NASA/SE-2002-03-00019-SSC , ISPRS Commission I Mid-Term Symposium; Nov 10, 2002 - Nov 15, 2002; Denver, CO; United States
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Measurement Sets and Sites Commonly used for Characterizations (2002)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Scientists with NASA's Earth Science Applications Directorate are creating a well-characterized Verification & Validation (V&V) site at the Stennis Space Center (SSC). This site enables the in-flight characterization of remote sensing systems and the data that they require. The data are predominantly acquired by commercial, high-spatial resolution satellite systems, such as IKONOS and QuickBird 2, and airborne systems. The smaller scale of these newer high-resolution remote sensing systems allows scientists to characterize the geometric, spatial, and radiometric data properties using a single V&V site. The targets and techniques used to characterize data from these newer systems can differ significantly from the earlier, coarser spatial resolution systems. Scientists are also using the SSC V&V site to characterize thermal infrared systems and active Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) systems. SSC employs geodetic targets, edge targets, radiometric tarps, and thermal calibration ponds to characterize remote sensing data products. This paper presents a proposed set of required measurements for visible-through-longwave infrared remote sensing systems, and a description of the Stennis characterization. Other topics discussed inslude: 1) use of ancillary atmospheric and solar measurements taken at SSC that support various characterizations, 2) other sites used for radiometric, geometric, and spatial characterization in the continental United States,a nd 3) the need for a standardized technique to be adopted by the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS) and other organizations.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
    Type: NASA/SE-2002-10-00070-SSC , International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Conference; Nov 08, 2002 - Nov 15, 2002; Denver, CO; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    Remote Sensing Requirements Development: A Simulation-Based Approach (2002)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Earth science research and application requirements for multispectral data have often been driven by currently available remote sensing technology. Few parametric studies exist that specify data required for certain applications. Consequently, data requirements are often defined based on the best data available or on what has worked successfully in the past. Since properties such as spatial resolution, swath width, spectral bands, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), data quantization and band-to-band registration drive sensor platform and spacecraft system architecture and cost, analysis of these criteria is important to optimize system design objectively. Remote sensing data requirements are also linked to calibration and characterization methods. Parameters such as spatial resolution, radiometric accuracy and geopositional accuracy affect the complexity and cost of calibration methods. However, few studies have quantified the true accuracies required for specific problems. As calibration methods and standards are proposed, it is important that they be tied to well-known data requirements. The Application Research Toolbox (ART) developed at the John C. Stennis Space Center provides a simulation-based method for multispectral data requirements development. The ART produces simulated datasets from hyperspectral data through band synthesis. Parameters such as spectral band shape and width, SNR, data quantization, spatial resolution and band-to-band registration can be varied to create many different simulated data products. Simulated data utility can then be assessed for different applications so that requirements can be better understood.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
    Type: SE-2002-10-00071-SSC , The ISPRS Commission I Symposium; Nov 08, 2002 - Nov 15, 2002; Denver, CO; United States|Land Satellite Information IV Conference; Nov 08, 2002 - Nov 15, 2002; Denver, CO; United States|15th William T. Pecora Memorial Remote Sensing Symposium; Nov 08, 2002 - Nov 15, 2002; Denver, CO; United States
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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