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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The changing pattern of operations management in developing countries: The case of Brazil (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of operations & production management 19 (1999), S. 552-564 
    Details
    ISSN: 0144-3577
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Economic activity is becoming increasingly globalised. Multinational enterprises, which are the main drivers of that process, are reconsidering the role of their subsidiaries. In countries where the industrialisation process was heavily dependent on multinationals, such as Brazil, these changes are intrinsically relevant, as they influence the operations of local companies as well as the definition of economic and industrial policies. This paper, based on longitudinal studies of 21 leading Brazilian companies (11 subsidiaries and 10 local), identifies the different roles performed by the subsidiaries in the global competitive strategies chosen by distinct TNCs as well as the strategic and organisational changes adopted by local companies aiming to participate in global productive chains and networks. The final picture reveals that the transition to a globalised competition logically requires the development of new concepts of production systems for developed and developing countries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443579910260874
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The SpoIIE phosphatase, the sporulation septum and the establishment of forespore-specific transcription in Bacillus subtilis: a reassessment (1999)
    Oxford BSL : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 31 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Making a spore in Bacillus subtilis requires the formation of two cells, the forespore and the mother cell, which follow dissimilar patterns of gene expression. Cell specificity is first established in the forespore under the control of the σF factor, which is itself activated through the action of the SpoIIE serine phosphatase, an enzyme targeted to the septum between the two cells. Deletion of the 10 transmembrane segments of the SpoIIE protein leads to random distribution of SpoIIE in the cytoplasm. Activation of σF is slightly delayed and less efficient than in wild type, but it remains restricted to the forespore in a large proportion of cells and the bacteria sporulate with 30% efficiency. Overexpression of the complete SpoIIE protein in a divIC mutant leads to significant σF activity, indicating that the septum requirement for activating σF can be bypassed. In contradiction to current models, we propose that genetic asymmetry is not created by unequal distribution of SpoIIE within the sporangium, but by exclusion of an inhibitor of SpoIIE from the forespore. This putative inhibitor would be a cytoplasmic molecule that interacts with SpoIIE and shuts off its phosphatase activity until it disappears specifically from the forespore.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01282.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seminomadic Ranging in a Population of Black Colobus (Colobus satanas) in Gabon and its Ecological Correlates (1999)
    Springer
    International journal of primatology 20 (1999), S. 491-509 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8604
    Keywords: Colobus satanas ; ranging behavior ; carrying capacity ; Caesalpiniaceae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We observed ranging patterns in a black colobus population in the Forêt des Abeilles, Central Gabon. We compared the results with those for two other populations (Lopé Reserve in Central Gabon, Douala-Edéa in coastal Cameroun) in order to estimate the extent of specific variability in population structure and ranging behavior and to identify ecological factors influencing interpopulation differences. The mean number of monkeys in a group is 17, and all groups had a multimale structure. Home ranges were large, and the fact that they continued to increase with increasing number of observations indicated that the monkeys did not frequently resample their habitat. Ranging patterns varied according to the staple food consumed: distances travelled daily increased with increasing seed intake and decreased with increasing leaf intake. The ranging patterns of groups of Colobus satanas are seminomadic. Up to 6 or 7 groups shared the same space, and two group ranges could overlap by as much as 65–75%. Comparisons with the two populations previously studied showed that group size and group structure are broadly similar. At all three sites, black colobus were mainly seed eaters and ate large amounts of leaves in the season of fruit shortage. In the Forêt des Abeilles, however, group home ranges were much larger than at other sites, and this population had the lowest density. This is correlated with vegetation composition and with harshness of the main dry season. This colobus population appears limited by both recurring food shortage in the dry season and episodic periods of seed shortage resulting from irregular fruiting of the dominant family Caesalpiniaceae. Their seminomadic ranging would constitute the least costly strategy to cope with the low carrying capacity of their habitat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020334605892
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A complex of influenza hemagglutinin with a neutralizing antibody that binds outside the virus receptor binding site (1999)
    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature structural biology 6 (1999), S. 530-534 
    Details
    ISSN: 1072-8368
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] The structure of a complex of influenza hemagglutinin (HA) with a neutralizing antibody shows that the antibody binds to HA at a distance from the virus receptor binding site. Comparison of the properties of this antibody and its Fab with those of an antibody that recognizes an epitope overlapping ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/9299
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The management of culture diversity: lessons from Brazilian companies (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Industrial management & data systems 99 (1999), S. 109-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-5577
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science , Economics
    Notes: Despite the extremely diversified cultural context in which Brazilian enterprises operate, the issue of cultural diversity is new in their agenda. The emergence of this theme is much more related to the need of creating competitive advantages by developing diversified competences, usually following policies which are established by the headquarters of local subsidiaries, than attending to legal procedures, as happens in the USA and Canada. Departing from a conceptual elaboration about cultural diversity and its management, this paper presents the results achieved in a research among leading Brazilian firms. The points that emerge as conclusions can be generalized for other countries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02635579910252635
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Parametric Estimation Approach for Groove Dimensioning Using Remote Field Eddy Current Inspection (1999)
    Springer
    Research in nondestructive evaluation 11 (1999), S. 39-57 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2110
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract. The remote field eddy current technique is used for dimensioning grooves that may occur in ferromagnetic pipes. We propose a method to estimate the depth and the length of corrosion grooves from the measurement of a pick-up coil signal phase at different positions close to the defect. Groove dimensioning needs the knowledge of the physical relation between measurements and defect dimensions; therefore, finite-element calculations are performed to obtain a parametric algebraic function of the physical phenomena. The parameters of this model function are obtained by an optimization technique. By means of this model and a previously defined general approach, an estimate of groove size may be given. In this approach, algebraic function parameters and groove dimensions are linked through a polynomial function. To validate this estimation procedure, a statistical study has been performed. The approach is proved to be suitable for real measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00003913
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multi-agent approach and stochastic optimization: random events in manufacturing systems (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of intelligent manufacturing 10 (1999), S. 81-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8145
    Keywords: Manufacturing systems ; multi-agents technology ; planning ; random events ; breakdowns ; stochastic algorithms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract We propose a method to solve industrial problems and to take into account random events. It is called the triple coupling. It is based on stochastic algorithms, a simulation model and the multi-agents model of artificial intelligence. The method we propose is easy to use and allows us to take into account most of the constraints found in manufacturing systems. Experts look for solutions to increasing the capacity of production. But the production can be disturbed by random events experienced by the system. Industrial experts need schedules which prevent the consequences of random events. Minimizing such consequences is very important to increasing system delivery. Capital investment is often very high in factories and the cost of the investment goes on regardless of whether the resources are running or not. The multi-agent approach is used to determine schedules for which the consequences of random events are low, and a stochastic algorithm is proposed which permits us to optimize a random variable. We prove that this algorithm finds, with probability one, the schedule of the production for which the consequences of random events are the lowest. We propose to measure the consequences of random events using an influence ratio. Our approach has been used to study the consequences of random events in Peugeot sand foundries of Sept-Fons (France). A benchmark test is presented to prove the efficiency of our solution. For the Peugeot sand foundry of Sept-Fond, random events increase the production time by about 20% compared with the production time without any random events occurring. We have determined schedules of production for which the consequences of random events are about 0.5%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008972615329
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pore Network Analysis of Resistivity Index for Water-Wet Porous Media (1999)
    Springer
    Transport in porous media 35 (1999), S. 89-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1634
    Keywords: pore network ; electrical conductivity ; resistivity index ; capillary pressure ; fractal roughness ; percolation ; drainage ; saturation exponent.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Pore network analysis is used to investigate the effects of microscopic parameters of the pore structure such as pore geometry, pore-size distribution, pore space topology and fractal roughness porosity on resistivity index curves of strongly water-wet porous media. The pore structure is represented by a three-dimensional network of lamellar capillary tubes with fractal roughness features along their pore-walls. Oil-water drainage (conventional porous plate method) is simulated with a bond percolation-and-fractal roughness model without trapping of wetting fluid. The resistivity index, saturation exponent and capillary pressure are expressed as approximate functions of the pore network parameters by adopting some simplifying assumptions and using effective medium approximation, universal scaling laws of percolation theory and fractal geometry. Some new phenomenological models of resistivity index curves of porous media are derived. Finally, the eventual changes of resistivity index caused by the permanent entrapment of wetting fluid in the pore network are also studied. Resistivity index and saturation exponent are decreasing functions of the degree of correlation between pore volume and pore size as well as the width of the pore size distribution, whereas they are independent on the mean pore size. At low water saturations, the saturation exponent decreases or increases for pore systems of low or high fractal roughness porosity respectively, and obtains finite values only when the wetting fluid is not trapped in the pore network. The dependence of saturation exponent on water saturation weakens for strong correlation between pore volume and pore size, high network connectivity, medium pore-wall roughness porosity and medium width of the pore size distribution. The resistivity index can be described succesfully by generalized 3-parameter power functions of water saturation where the parameter values are related closely with the geometrical, topological and fractal properties of the pore structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006586409963
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  • 9
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    Resistivity index of fractional wettability porous media (1999)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-02-01
    Print ISSN: 0920-4105
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-4715
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 10
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    Intermediate wettability by chemical treatment (1999)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0920-4105
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-4715
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Elsevier
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