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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Size upon Metal Content of Lobster (Thenus orientalis) from the Kuwait Marine Environment (1998)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 61 (1998), S. 175-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001289900745
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation of secondary iron-sulphur phases during the growth of polycrystalline iron pyrite (FeS2) thin films by MOCVD (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 9 (1998), S. 61-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-482X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Thin films of iron pyrite (FeS2) have been prepared on glass and glassy carbon substrates by low pressure metal organic chemical vapour deposition (LP-MOCVD) using iron pentacarbonyl (Fe(CO)5) and di-tert.-butyldisulphide (TBDS) as precursors. The TBDS partial pressure was varied from 1 to 100 Pa for different iron pentacarbonyl partial pressures (0.25, 0.5 and 1 Pa) while all other parameters were maintained constant. It was found that there is a critical TBDS-partial pressure of about 30 Pa for a deposition temperature of 475 °C, where a drastic change in the layer properties occurs. Below this TBDS partial pressure pyrrhotite type phases (Fe1-xS) will be formed although there is a sulphur precursor excess in the gas phase. If the layers contain pyrrhotite, the electrical properties of the FeSx-films are changed significantly. The occurrence of the pyrrhotite phases does not depend on the growth rate, hence it is not controlled kinetically. Therefore, the sulphur pressure above the growing pyrite film is the important parameter controlling the solid phase. The present investigation shows that, in order to prepare pyrite thin films of good electronic quality, one has to take care to avoid the secondary sulphur-iron phases even in very small concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008943203807
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Post-Harvest Residue Management of Creeping Red and Chewings Fescue Seed Crops (1998)
    Springer
    Agronomy journal 90 (1998), S. 69-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-0645
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Festuca rubra L. subsp. rubra cv. Cindy) and Chewings fescue (Festuca rubra L. subsp. commutata Gaudin cv. Center). Treatments were (i) straw residue removed and stubble flail-chopped (flail-chop), (ii) straw residue removed and stubble close-clipped and vacuum-swept (close-clip), (iii) straw residue removed and stubble propane-burned (propane-burn), and (iv) residue and stubble open-burned with full straw load (open-burn). Seed yield components were also measured, to identify the component through which treatments affected yield. Treatment effects on seed yield of both crops interacted with years. Averaged across years, creeping red fescue seed yield was 993, 903, 804, and 620 kg ha-1 for open-burn, propane-burn, close-clip, and flail-chop treatments, respectively. The greatest treatment effect was on number of panicles, and consequently on number of floret sites and seeds produced per unit area. The number of spikelets per panicle, florets per spikelet, and seeds produced per panicle were unaffected. Open-burn also resulted in the fewest weed seeds and the highest purity of the harvested seed. Treatments affected Chewings fescue seed yield in only one year, when seed yield was 750, 680, 477, and 553 kg ha-1 for open-burn, propane-burn, close-clip, and flail-chop treatments, respectively. Treatments did not affect the number of panicles or seeds produced per unit area in Chewings fescue, the number of weed seeds, or the purity of the harvested seed. We concluded that mechanical removal of postharvest residue in Chewings fescue can maintain seed yield and seed quality similar to open-burn. In contrast, open-burn is required to achieve maximum seed yield and seed quality in creeping red fescue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of text input mechanisms for wearable computers (1998)
    Springer
    Virtual reality 3 (1998), S. 187-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-9957
    Keywords: Input devices ; Wearable computers ; Empirical study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract This paper reports on an experiment investigating the functionality and usability of novel input devices on a wearable computer for text entry tasks. Over a 3-week period, 12 subjects used three different input devices to create and save short textual messages. The virtual keyboard, forearm keyboard, and Kordic keypad input devices were assessed for their efficiency and usability in simple text-entry tasks. Results collected included the textual data created by the subjects, the duration of activities, the survey data and observations made by supervisors. The results indicated that the forearm keyboard is the best performer for accurate and efficient text entry while other devices may benefit from more work on designing specialist graphical user interfaces (GUIs) for the wearable computer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01408561
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Management Studies on Seed Production of Turf-Type Tall Fescue: I. Seed Yield (1998)
    Springer
    Semigroup forum 90 (1998), S. 474-477 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2137
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Fetusca arundinacea Schreber) is rapidly gaining popularity as a turfgrass. Limited information is available on seed yield response of turf-type cultivars to seed production management practices. We tested effects of four management variables on seed yield of Bonanza (late-maturing turf type), Rebel (mid-maturing turf type), Falcon (early-maturing turf type), and Fawn (forage type) tall fescue cultivars. Variables were spring-applied N rates (100, 145, and 190 kg ha-1), N application timing (double-ridge stage, spikelet initiation, and equally split between the two), row spacing (0.3 and 0.6 m), and post-harvest residue managements after removing the straw (flail-chopping or burning the stubble). Seed yields of the second through fifth crops were measured. Nitrogen application timing did not affect seed yield of any cultivar. Effects of the other three variables on seed yield interacted with each other. For both Fawn and Rebel, high seed yields were achieved when 100 kg N ha-1 was applied and residue was burned, irrespective of row spacing. Bonanza produced high seed yields with 145 kg N ha-1 , 0.6-m row spacing, and flail-chopping. In contrast, 0.3-m row spacing and residue burning was required for maximum seed yield in Falcon, whereas N rates did not have an effect. We conclude that seed yield responses of Fawn and rebel to management practices are similar. Results further suggest that, compared with Fawn, the optimum spring N rate was higher for Bonanza seed production, and the optimum row spacing was narrower for Falcon seed production. Also, residue burning was needed for maintaining high seed yield in Fawn, Rebel, and Falcon, whereas, at optimum row spacing and N rate, mechanical removal of post-harvest residue was as effective as burning for Bonanza seed production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Management Studies on Seed Production of Turf-Type Tall Fescue: II. Seed Yield Components (1998)
    Springer
    Semigroup forum 90 (1998), S. 478-483 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2137
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Fetusca arundinacea Schreber) cultivars is needed to improve cultural practices for seed production. We tested factorial combinations of two post-harvest residue managements (flail-chopping or burning the stubble), two row spacing (0.3 and 0.6 m), three spring-applied N rates (100, 145, and 190 kg ha-1), and three N application timings (double-ridge, spikelet initiation, and equally split between the two) on seed yield components of turf-type cultivars Falcon, Rebel, and Bonanza, and the forage cultivar Fawn. Seed yields of all cultivars were closely correlated with the number of seeds produced per unit area (m2), but yields were weakly and negatively correlated with weight per seed. Compared with flail-chopping, burning the residue increased the number of fertile tillers, floret sites, and seeds per unit area in all cultivars. The number of seeds per unit area was not affected by row spacing in Fawn and Bonanza, but was increased at 0.3-m row spacing in Falcon when the residue was burned, and was greater at 0.6-m in Rebel when the residue was flail-chopped. Increasing N rate above 100 kg ha-1 decreased floret site utilization and seeds per unit area in Fawn, but did not affect these components in Falcon and Rebel. Seeds per unit area in Bonanza was the greatest at 145 kg N ha-1. For all cultivars, N application timing had little effect on seeds per unit area. We conclude that management practices for the turf-type cultivars should focus on maintaining a high number of fertile tillers throughout the stand life by burning post-harvest residue. Using narrower row spacings for early- and mid-maturing turf-type cultivars also could increase the number of fertile tillers per unit area when the post-harvest residue is burned. The optimum spring-applied N rate for seed production is apparently greater for the late-maturing turf types than for forage cultivars.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Predicting Noninertial Effects with Linear and Nonlinear Eddy-Viscosity, and Algebraic Stress Models (1998)
    Springer
    Flow, turbulence and combustion 60 (1998), S. 215-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1987
    Keywords: nonlinear eddy-viscosity model ; algebraic ; noninertial effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Three types of turbulence models which account for rotational effects in noninertial frames of reference are evaluated for the case of incompressible, fully developed rotating turbulent channel flow. The different types of models are a Coroiolis-modified eddy-viscosity model, a realizable nonlinear eddy-viscosity model, and an algebraic stress model which accounts for dissipation rate anisotropies. A direct numerical simulation of a rotating channel flow is used for the validation of the turbulence models. This simulation differs from previous studies in that significantly higher rotation numbers are investigated. Flows at these higher rotation numbers are characterized by a relaminarization on the cyclonic or suction side of the channel, and a linear velocity profile on the anticyclonic or pressure side of the channel. The predictive performance of the three types of models are examined in detail, and formulation deficiencies are identified which cause poor predictive performance for some of the models. Criteria are identified which allow for accurate prediction of such flows by algebraic stress models and their corresponding Reynolds stress formulations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009947620019
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ethical Guidelines for a Networked World under Construction (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of business ethics 17 (1998), S. 1057-1071 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0697
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Philosophy , Economics
    Notes: Abstract Networked computer systems simultaneously destroy and build up old and new kinds of global and local jobs. Digitally networked ultra-modern structures in work, company and administration bring us turbulent times. This development is analyzed from an ethical, technological and economical point of view and illustrated by empirical data. The main emphasis of this article is placed on considerations, from the point of view of business ethics, of the conception of workplaces – in the office, at home and abroad (mobile work) – equipped for computer-supported information exchange. In order to make better use of these new technologies, ethical, action-oriented guidelines should be considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006019432444
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Briging it all back home: some implications of recent science and technology studies for the classroom science teacher (1998)
    Springer
    Research in science education 28 (1998), S. 9-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1898
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, we support the validity of drawing from science studies to reshape science education. While true educational reform must involve alternative curricular structures, we stress that we do not propose here either a comprehensive curricular framework or a report on a pilot classroom project, as our research perspective comes from science studies rather than from education. Instead this paper is intended to encourage educators to draw from methodologies used in science studies to further their goals in education research and in classroom teaching. First, we examine theoretical connections and divergences between science studies and theories of education. Secondly, we discuss the benefits of teaching science as a social process and offer some suggestions that can be introduced by classroom teachers into pre-existing science curricula.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02461639
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  • 10
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    Effect of Size upon Metal Content of Lobster ( Thenus orientalis ) from the Kuwait Marine Environment (1998)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-08-01
    Print ISSN: 0007-4861
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0800
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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