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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production and characterization of a plant α-hydroxynitrile lyase in Escherichia coli (1997)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 53 (1997), S. 332-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: α-hydroxynitrile lyase ; cassava ; cyanogenesis ; cyanohydrin ; Escherichia coli expression vector ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The coding sequence of the cyanogenic α-hydroxynitrile lyase gene of Manihot esculenta Crantz (cassava) was cloned in the plasmid vector pMal-c2 and expressed in Escherichia coli strain JM105. DNA sequencing showed that the recombinant plasmid contained the same sequence as the cDNA clone pHNL10. Peptide sequencing of the recombinant protein showed that the N-terminus was heterogeneous, with either four or six additional amino acid residues compared with the native protein. Circular dichroism spectra indicated similar secondary structure contents for both proteins. Enzyme assays showed that specific activity of native and recombinant proteins were 0.24 and 0.26 mmol CN-/mg/min, respectively; that both proteins had optimal activity at 40°C and pH 5.5; and that both proteins were inhibited by the serine protease inhibitor phenyl-methane sulfonyl flouride (PMSF). Isoelectric focusing of native and recombinant protein revealed multiple isoforms for both proteins; the recombinant protein had a more basic mean isoelectric point (pl) (5.1) than the native protein (4.5). © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 53: 332-338, 1997.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
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    Hommage à Maurice Françon (1997)
    Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0150-536X
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 3
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    The response of the magnetosphere to the passage of a coronal mass ejection on March 20-21, 1990 (1997)
    In:  Annales Geophysicae
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The stability of advanced operational regimes on the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor : The 38th annual meeting of the Division of Plasma Physics (DPP) of the American Physical Society (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 4 (1997), S. 1589-1595 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The performance of the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor [D. Meade and the TFTR Group, in Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, Washington, D.C., 1990 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1991), Vol. I, pp. 9–24], as defined by the maximum fusion power production, has been limited, not by confinement, but by stability to pressure-driven modes. Two classes of current profile modification have been investigated to overcome this limit. A new technique has been developed to increase the internal inductance of low-q (q(approximate)4), high-current (Ip〉2MA) plasmas. As was the case at higher edge q, the disruptive β limit has been found to increase roughly linearly with the internal inductance, li. Plasmas with hollow current profiles, i.e., reversed shear, are also predicted and experimentally observed to have increased stability in the negative shear region to ballooning and kink modes. However, performance of these plasmas is still limited by pressure-driven modes in the normal shear region. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872290
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    First results of collective scattering on JET (invited) : Proceedings of the eleventh topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 275-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The fast ion and α-particle diagnostic at JET is based on collective Thomson scattering of high power millimeter-wave radiation. The principal aim of the diagnostic will be the measurement of the spatially resolved velocity distribution of fast α particles when tritium is introduced in JET plasmas, although several other applications are foreseen. The diagnostic uses a 140 GHz, 500 kW, gyrotron as the source of probing radiation and a heterodyne detection system. The diagnostic came into operation during the last JET operational campaign. First measurements were made of the thermal and mildly suprathermal (induced by ion cyclotron resonance heating) ion feature. The results confirmed expectations, indicating that the diagnostic should give the predicted performance for observation of α-particle populations in the DT phase. The signal-to-noise ratio is limited by the noise on the background radiation (electron cyclotron emission), which has a minimum around 140 GHz only when JET is operated at B∼3.4 T. To further improve the S/N and to make the diagnostic suitable for operation at higher field, which is now being considered for some of the DT plasmas, a viewing dump will be installed before the DT phase. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147822
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ethical Consumerism: The Case Of “Fairly–Traded” Coffee (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Business ethics 6 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8608
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Philosophy , Economics
    Notes: Consumer concern for “ethical products”, or ethical aspects of the goods which they purchase, is a subject of increasing interest and research,which is here illustrated by an examination of the Fair Trade movement, with special reference to coffee as an indicative commodity. Kate Bird, is currently Lecturer in the Development Administration Group, School of Public Policy, Birmingham University, Birmingham B15 2TT, England, having previously worked abroad and written her MSc dissertation at Wye College on fair trade in coffee products. Dr Hughest holds the Sainsbury Chair in Agribusiness and Food Marketing at Wye College, University of London, Wye, Ashford, Kent TN25 5AH, England (email: D.Hughes@wye.ac.uk), where he is also Director of the Food Industry Management Group. He has wide international experience of food management issues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8608.00063
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Forecasting with Stamp 5.0 (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Journal of economic surveys 11 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6419
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-6419.00037
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectroscopy and dynamics of rare gas-spherical top complexes. III. The infrared spectrum of the ν3 band of Ne–SiH4 ( j=1←1 and j=2←1 transitions) (1997)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 107 (1997), S. 2738-2751 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The infrared spectrum of the rare gas-spherical top complex Ne–SiH4 has been recorded in a supersonic jet in the region of the SiH4 ν3 triply degenerate stretching vibration at ∼2189 cm−1. The Ne–SiH4 spectrum is complex with no obvious regular band structure; a previous paper has reported the assignment and analysis of bands correlating with the SiH4 R(0) (K=0←0, K=1←0) and P(1) (K=0←0, K=0←1) transitions. This paper concludes the study of Ne–SiH4, with the assignment and analysis of bands correlating with the SiH4 Q(1) (K=0←0, K=1←0, K=0←1, K=1←1) and R(1) (K=0←0, K=1←0, K=1←1, K=2←1) transitions. This was facilitated by a twofold approach: The bands were identified by the use of a theoretical intermolecular potential, with potential parameters determined by reference to the two bands previously fitted; and the relative magnitudes of the Coriolis interactions between the K sublevels within the bands determined by explicit calculation of the Coriolis matrix elements. Having fitted the bands to appropriate energy-level expressions, an effective anisotropic potential for the internal rotation of the SiH4 molecule within the complex was fitted to the total of 15 observed band origins. With a fixed R approximation, the V3 anisotropic term was found to be ∼30 cm−1, approximately one-third that of Ar–SiH4, reflecting the freer rotation of the SiH4 molecule when complexed with the less polarizable Ne atom. However, the overall quality of the fit was an order of magnitude worse than that for Ar–SiH4, indicating increased importance of the radial dependence of the Ne–SiH4 potential compared to that of Ar–SiH4. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.474700
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison between the optical limiting behavior of chloroaluminum phthalocyanine and a cyanine dye (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 5905-5912 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The picosecond optical limiting characteristics of the optical limiting dyes hexamethylindotricarbocyanine iodide (HITCI) and chloroaluminum phthalocyanine (CAP) are compared and contrasted at 532 nm. From single pulse transmittance experiments, HITCI is shown to possess a serious limitation in its optical limiting behavior, where the regime of induced absorption becomes one of induced transmission for high irradiances. CAP, on the other hand, although possessing a smaller ratio of the excited-state to ground-state absorption cross-section, continues to exhibit optical limiting over a much broader dynamic range. From cross-polarized time-resolved excitation-probe measurements, HITCI exhibits a sharp negative spike around zero delay which originates from orientational coherent grating effects, while CAP does not exhibit any spike. These nonlinearities are explained theoretically as a complex interplay between a series of excited manifolds for the dyes and the radiation properties of the interacting laser pulse. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.364377
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bounds on spin dynamics and the design of multiple-pulse NMR experiments (1997)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 106 (1997), S. 2105-2117 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The "universal bound on spin dynamics'' proposed by Sørensen is examined in detail and shown to be of great assistance in the design of novel multiple-pulse NMR experiments. The efficiency of coherence transfer between all possible states of a spin system, including populations, single-quantum coherences, and multiple-quantum coherences, is investigated. Examples are drawn from coherence transfer processes in quadrupolar coupled spin I=1 and 3/2 nuclei and weakly J coupled systems of two and three spin I=1/2 nuclei. It is found that many of the most commonly used NMR pulse sequences fail to achieve the maximum coherence transfer efficiency when applied to spin I=3/2 or to three spin I=1/2 nuclei. However, it is shown that, with knowledge of the universal bound, novel multiple-pulse NMR experiments that achieve optimal efficiency can be easily derived using computer optimization. The application of the universal bound to two-step coherence transfer experiments presents a number of conceptual difficulties. In particular, examples are presented where the product of the universal bounds on the two individual coherence transfer coefficients is larger than the universal bound on the overall transfer from the initial to the final state. These difficulties are resolved and explained in terms of the presence of a "residue'' that is created together with the intermediate state. The universal bound is used to examine the conditions under which the effect of this residue can be suppressed and the constraints that this places on the design of optimal multi-step coherence transfer NMR experiments. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.473783
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