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  • EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING  (6)
  • Chemical Engineering
  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994  (8)
  • 1993  (8)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CO2/CH4 separation by facilitated transport in amine-polyethylene glycol mixtures (1993)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 39 (1993), S. 1135-1145 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In this work, the separation of carbon dioxide from methane by reactive liquid membranes consisting of the secondary amines, diethanolamine, and diisopropanolamine in polyethylene glycol with an average molecular weight of 400 was studied. A mathematical model was developed to describe the transport process. This model employs the zwitterion mechanism for the CO2 amine reaction kinetics. Membrane flux experiments utilizing a flat plate device were carried out to verify the model predictions. It was found that large permeabilities and separations were achieved for low CO2 feed concentrations. The results also show that DEA based solutions give better separation than DIPA based solutions.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690390706
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gross error detection when variance-covariance matrices are unknown (1993)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 39 (1993), S. 1335-1341 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Equations introduced here identify measurement biases and process leaks, when gross errors exist in measured process variables and the variance-covariance matrix of the measurements, Σ, is unknown. Σ is estimated by the sample variance, S, using process data.For an unknown Σ, the global test statistic is the well-known Hotelling T2 statistic. Its power function has a noncentral F-distribution. For component tests used for specific identification of measurement biases and nodal leaks, two tests are presented with Σ unknown. The first test is independent of the number of component tests, k, and is given by a statistic with an F-distribution. The second test depends on k and has a student t-distribution. The power functions for both component tests are provided. Process examples and a Monte Carlo simulation study presented demonstrate the use and performance of these statistical equations in identifying biases and process leaks.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690390810
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
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    Estimating chlorophyll content and bathymetry of Lake Tahoe using AVIRIS data (1993)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Data on chlorophyll content and bathymetry of Lake Tahoe obtained on August 9, 1990 by the Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) are compared to concurrent in situ surface and in-water measurements. Measured parameters included profiles of percent transmission of monochromatic light, stimulated chlorophyll fluorescence, photosynthetically available radiation, spectral upwelling and downwelling irradiance, and upwelling radiance. Several analyses were performed illustrating the utility of the AVIRIS over a dark water scene. Image-derived chlorophyll concentration compared extremely well with that measured with bottle samples. A bathymetry map of the shallow parts of the lake was constructed which compares favorably with published lake soundings.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Remote Sensing of Environment (ISSN 0034-4257); 44; 2-3; p. 217-230.
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Opportunities in the commercial uses of remote sensing and GIS technologies - An overview of NASA's Visiting Investigator Program at Stennis Space Center (1993)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The Visiting Investigator Program (VIP) developed at NASA-Stennis' Science and Technology Laboratory (STL) allows U.S. industry to use the specialized resources of STL in the fields of remote sensing and GIS, with a view to the development of new commercial processes and improved services. Attention is given to the novel agreement mechanisms developed by NASA to implement VIP. These agreements encompass a memorandum of understanding, a technical exchange agreement, a sponsored-transfer agreement, a proprietary work agreement, and a joint endeavor agreement.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: PE&RS - Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (ISSN 0099-1112); 59; 6; p. 935-939.
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Relating P-band AIRSAR backscatter to forest stand parameters (1993)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: As part of research on forest ecosystems, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and collaborating research teams have conducted multi-season airborne synthetic aperture radar (AIRSAR) experiments in three forest ecosystems including temperate pine forest (Duke, Forest, North Carolina), boreal forest (Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest, Alaska), and northern mixed hardwood-conifer forest (Michigan Biological Station, Michigan). The major research goals were to improve understanding of the relationships between radar backscatter and phenological variables (e.g. stand density, tree size, etc.), to improve radar backscatter models of tree canopy properties, and to develop a radar-based scheme for monitoring forest phenological changes. In September 1989, AIRSAR backscatter data were acquired over the Duke Forest. As the aboveground biomass of the loblolly pine forest stands at Duke Forest increased, the SAR backscatter at C-, L-, and P-bands increased and saturated at different biomass levels for the C-band, L-band, and P-band data. We only use the P-band backscatter data and ground measurements here to study the relationships between the backscatter and stand density, the backscatter and mean trunk dbh (diameter at breast height) of trees in the stands, and the backscatter and stand basal area.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: JPL, Summaries of the 4th Annual JPL Airborne Geoscience Workshop. Volume 3: AIRSAR Workshop; p 81-84
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    Atmospheric correction of AVIRIS data of Monterey Bay contaminated by thin cirrus clouds (1993)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Point source measurements (e.g. sun photometer data, weather station observations) are often used to constrain radiative transfer models such as MODTRAN/LOWTRAN7 when atmospherically correcting AVIRIS imagery. The basic assumption is that the atmosphere is horizontally homogeneous throughout the entire area. If the target area of interest is isolated a distance away from the point measurement position, the calculated visibility and atmospheric profiles may not be characteristic of the atmosphere over the target. AVIRIS scenes are often rejected when cloud cover exceeds 10%. However, if the cloud cover is determined to be primarily cirrus rather than cumulus, in-water optical properties may still be extracted over open ocean. High altitude cirrus clouds are non-absorbing at 744 nm. If the optical properties of the AVIRIS scene can be determined from the 744 nm band itself, the atmospheric conditions during the overflight may be deduced.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Summaries of the 4th Annual JPL Airborne Geoscience Workshop. Volume 1: AVIRIS Workshop; p 185-188
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    The effect of sub-surface volume scattering on the accuracy of ice-sheet altimeter retracking algorithms (1993)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The NASA and ESA retracking algorithms are compared with an algorithm based upon a combined surface and volume (S/V) scattering model. First, the S/V, NASA, and ESA algorithms were used to retrack over 400,000 altimeter return waveforms from the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets. The surface elevations from the S/V algorithm were compared with the elevations produced by the NASA and ESA algorithms to determine the relative accuracy of these algorithms when subsurface volume-scattering occurs. The results show that the NASA algorithm produced surface elevations within 35 to 50 cm of the S/V algorithm, while the performance of the ESA algorithm was slightly worse. Next, by analyzing several thousand satellite crossover points from the Antarctic data set, we determined the retracking algorithm that produced the most repeatable surface elevations. The elevations derived from the S/V algorithm had the smallest RMS error for the region of the East Antarctic plateau examined here. The ESA algorithm produced erroneous estimates of elevation change when seasonal variations were present; it measured 0.7 to 1.6-m change in elevation over a 6-month period on the East Antarctic plateau where accumulation rates are only 10 cm/year.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA-CR-194825 , NAS 1.26:194825
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Synthesis of passive microwave and radar altimeter data for estimating accumulation rates of polar snow (1993)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: In this paper, we compare dry-snow extinction coefficients derived from radar altimeter data with brightness temperature data from passive microwave measurements over a portion of the East Antarctic plateau. The comparison between the extinction coefficients and the brightness temperatures shows a strong negative correlation, where the correlation coefficients ranged from -0.87 to -0.95. The extinction coefficient of the dry polar snow decreases with increasing surface elevation, while the average brightness temperature increases with surface elevation. Our analysis shows that the observed trends are related to geographic variations in scattering coefficient of snow, which in turn are controlled by variations in surface temperature and snow accumulation rate. By combining information present in the extinction coefficient and brightness temperature data sets, we develop a model that can be used to obtain quantitative estimates of the accumulation rate of dry polar snow.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA-CR-194864 , NAS 1.26:194864
    Format: application/pdf
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