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  • INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY  (53)
  • 1985-1989  (53)
  • 1989  (53)
  • 1
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    Telemycology - A novel approach to monitoring environmental microbial load in Space Station Freedom (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The currently available methods for monitoring environmental microbial load call for the cultivation of microbes on laboratory media, a time- and material-consuming task that is potentially hazardous. Telemycology proposed in this communication is designed to eliminate the need for growing microbes, especially fungi, on board the spacecraft and to shift the bulk of the work-load to the ground-based Microbiology Laboratory. The system is based on the principle of trapping microbial propagules on a membrane filter, treating it with a microbe-enhancing reagent, and examining under a microscope down-linked to the central laboratory equipped with a synchronized televideo, telerobotics, and image banking system.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: SAE PAPER 891542
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  • 2
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    Experimental comparison of two hot-wire techniques in supersonic flow (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: AIAA Journal (ISSN 0001-1452); 27; 1074-108
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  • 3
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    ISO/LWS: Detector status (1989)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: The aim of the long wavelength spectrometer (LWS) of the Infrared Space Observatory is to perform spectrometry in the wavelength range 45 to 200 microns using two resolution modes. The resolution will be around 200 in the medium resolution mode while it will reach 10(exp 4) in the high resolution mode. The sensitivity of this instrument will be close to 10(exp -18) W/sq. root Hz. A schematic view of the focal plane unit is presented. The detectors divide the wavelength range into ten spectral channels. The spectral range and position of each detector is indicated. Each detector will cover approximately a spectral bandwidth sufficient to allow for a 50 percent redundancy in the case of detector failure. There are three types of detectors. SW1 is a Ge:Be photoconductor covering the 45 to 55 micron region. LW1, SW2, SW3, SW4, SW5 are unstressed Ge:Ga photoconductors which cover the 50 to 120 micron region. LW2, LW3, LW4, LW5 are uniaxially stressed Ge:GA photoconductors covering the range from 100 to 200 microns. The stress applied to each detector will be adjusted in order to get the peak response in the corresponding wavelength range, and to minimize the dark current of the shorter wavelength stressed detectors. Stressed and unstressed detectors are located alternatively in order to receive the first and second order of the diffracted beam.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA, Ames Research Center, Proceedings of the Third Infrared Detector Technology Workshop; p 365-380
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  • 4
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    Parallel asynchronous systems and image processing algorithms (1989)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: A new hardware approach to implementation of image processing algorithms is described. The approach is based on silicon devices which would permit an independent analog processing channel to be dedicated to evey pixel. A laminar architecture consisting of a stack of planar arrays of the device would form a two-dimensional array processor with a 2-D array of inputs located directly behind a focal plane detector array. A 2-D image data stream would propagate in neuronlike asynchronous pulse coded form through the laminar processor. Such systems would integrate image acquisition and image processing. Acquisition and processing would be performed concurrently as in natural vision systems. The research is aimed at implementation of algorithms, such as the intensity dependent summation algorithm and pyramid processing structures, which are motivated by the operation of natural vision systems. Implementation of natural vision algorithms would benefit from the use of neuronlike information coding and the laminar, 2-D parallel, vision system type architecture. Besides providing a neural network framework for implementation of natural vision algorithms, a 2-D parallel approach could eliminate the serial bottleneck of conventional processing systems. Conversion to serial format would occur only after raw intensity data has been substantially processed. An interesting challenge arises from the fact that the mathematical formulation of natural vision algorithms does not specify the means of implementation, so that hardware implementation poses intriguing questions involving vision science.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA, Langley Research Center, Visual Information Processing for Television and Telerobotics; p 191-201
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  • 5
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    Smart structures research program at Virginia Tech (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: A review of the smart structures and avionics research and teaching program that started in 1979 at Virginia Tech is described. Current smart structures research include major efforts in the development of embedded and attached optical fiber and acoustic fiber sensors for cure monitoring, in-service lifetime structural testing, nondestructive evaluation, and impact and damage detection and analysis; of gradual material degradation; sensor signal multiplexing, processing and data handling to achieve near real-time distributed structural analysis; and the integration of embedded sensors, actuators and control electronics to achieve controlled structural response. Special campus facilities used for this work include an optical fiber fabrication facility, an autoclave for composite structure fabrication and curing, and laboratories for optical fiber sensor development, materials response and nondestructive evaluation, structural control testing and computer engineering.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Fiber Optic Smart Strutures and Skins; Sept. 8-9, 1988; Boston, MA; United States
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  • 6
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    Improved Si:As BIBIB (Back-Illuminated Blocked-Impurity-Band) hybrid arrays (1989)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Results of a program to increase the short wavelength (less than 10 microns) detective quantum efficiency, eta/beta, of Si:As Impurity Band Conduction arrays are presented. The arrays are epitaxially grown Back-Illuminated Blocked (BIB) Impurity-Band (BIBIB) 10x50 detectors bonded to switched-FET multiplexers. It is shown that the 4.7 microns detective quantum efficiency increases proportionately with the thickness of the infrared active layer. A BIB array with a thick active layer, designed for low dark current, exhibits eta/beta = 7 to 9 percent at 4.7 microns for applied bias voltages between 3 and 5 V. The product of quantum efficiency and photoelectric gain, etaG, increases from 0.3 to 2.5 as the voltage increases from 3 to 5 V. Over this voltage range, the dark current increases from 8 to 120 e(-)s(-1) at a device temperature of 4.2 K and is under 70 e(-)s(-1) for all voltages at 2 K. Because of device gain, the effective dark current (equivalent photon rate) is less than 3 e(-)s(-1) under all operating conditions. The effective read noise (equivalent photon noise) is found to be less than 12 electrons under all operating conditions and for integration times between 0.05 and 100 seconds.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA, Ames Research Center, Proceedings of the Third Infrared Detector Technology Workshop; p 427-438
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  • 7
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    Velocity mapping in a 30-kW arcjet plume using laser-induced fluorescence (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A method for measuring the axial and transverse plume velocities and internal energy distributions in rarified thruster plumes by using pulsed laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) of atomic hydrogen Balmer lines is described. The results of an application of this technique for velocity mapping of a 30-kW ammonia arc-jet plume generated in the JPL arc-jet testing facility (which is uniquely suited for these measurements due to the end-on optical access provided by its ninety-degree-bent diffuser) are described. A schematic diagram of the JPL facility with LIF setup is included.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: AIAA PAPER 89-2831
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  • 8
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    Holographic diagnostics of breakup phenomena of impinging jets for liquid rocket motor applications (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The use of pulsed laser holography in analyzing the atomization of impinging jets is evaluated using a holographic camera system capable of recording a 3D image of the atomization process in 3 x 10 exp -8 seconds. The holocamera and the experimental configuration and procedure are described in detail. Two nozzles were fabricated to produce 1-mm diameter liquid water jets that impinged at 60 and 90 deg. Holograms were obtained for each nozzle at liquid velocities of 20 and 40 m/s. Analysis of the holograms revealed the evolution of the jets from the plane of emergence through the region of droplet formation. Features of interest included the growth of disturbances prior to the breakup region and the effect of these disturbances on the formation of ligaments and liquid globules. Preliminary analyses show that waves of atomized liquid formed after impingement are closely correlated to waves measured on the jets, leading to the possibility of controlling the atomization process at the nozzle.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: ICALEO ''89 - Optical Sensing and Measurement; Oct 15, 1989 - Oct 20, 1989; Orlando, FL; United States
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Blocked impurity band hybrid infrared focal plane arrays for astronomy (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: High-performance infrared hybrid focal plane arrays using 10- x 50-element Si:As blocked-impurity-band (BIB) detectors (cutoff wavelength = 28 microns) and matching switched MOSFET multiplexers have been developed and characterized for space astronomy. Use of impurity-band-conduction technology provides detectors which are nuclear-radiation-hard and free of the many anomalies associated with conventional silicon photoconductive detectors. Emphasis in the present work is on recent advances in detector material quality which have led to significantly improved detector and hybrid characteristics. Results demonstrating increased quantum efficiency (particularly at short-wavelength infrared), obtained by varying the BIB detector properties (infrared active layer thickness and arsenic doping profile), are summarized. Measured read noise and dark current for different temperatures are reported. The hybrid array performance achieved demonstrates that BIB detectors are well suited for use in astronomical instrumentation.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science (ISSN 0018-9499); 36; 857-862
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  • 10
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    X-ray calibration of a virtual phase 1024 x 1024 CCD (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Results are presented on a calibration with X-rays of a front-illuminated virtual phase CCD with a 1024 x 1024 pixel array, performed as a part of the Solar-A preparation, which is a joint Japanese-U.S.-UK space project scheduled for a launch in August 1991. In the experiment, absolute quantum efficiency (QE) of a virtual CCD was measured at 14 wavelengths between 5.4 and 67.7 A, and its flat field responses to the illumination by C-K and Al-K X-rays were investigated together with its imaging properties in visible light. Higher than expected QE measurements were obtained at soft X-ray and EUV wavelengths; these are considered to be caused by fluorescence occurring in the absorbing layers on the CCD-entrance aperture.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: EUV, X-ray, and Gamma-Ray Instrumentation for Astronomy and Atomic Physics; Aug 07, 1989 - Aug 11, 1989; San Diego, CA; United States
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