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  • EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING  (50)
  • 1985-1989  (50)
  • 1986  (50)
  • 1
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-19
    Beschreibung: The development of the full potential of multispectral data acquired from satellites, requires quantitative knowledge, and physical models of the spectral properties of specific earth surface features. Knowledge of the relationships between spectral-radiometric characteristics and important biophysical parameters of agricultural crops and soils can best be obtained by carefully controlled studies of fields or plots. It is important to select plots where data describing the agronomic-biophysical properties of the crop canopies and soil background are attainable, taking into account also the feasibility of frequent timely calibrated spectral measurements. The term 'field spectroscopy' is employed for this research. The present paper is concerned with field research which was sponsored by NASA as part of the AgRISTARS Supporting Research Project. Attention is given to field research objectives, field research instrumentation, measurement procedures, spectral-temporal profile modeling, and the effects of cultural and environmental factors on crop reflectance.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (ISSN 0196-2892); GE-24; 65-75
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-06-28
    Beschreibung: The first field tests in preparation for the NASA Global Positioning System (GPS) Caribbean Initiative were conducted in late March and Early April of 1985. The GPS receivers were located at the POLARIS Very Long Base Interferometry (VLBI) stations at Westford, Massachusetts; Richmond, Florida; and Ft. Davis, Texas; and at the Mojave, Owens Valley, and Hat Creek VLBI stations in California. Other mobile receivers were placed near Mammoth Lakes, California; Pt. Mugu, California; Austin, Texas; and Dahlgren, Virginia. These sites were equipped with a combination of GPS receiver types, including SERIES-X, TI-4100 and AFGL dual frequency receivers. The principal objectives of these tests were the demonstration of the fiducial network concept for precise GPS geodesy, the performance assessment of the participating GPS receiver types, and to conduct the first in a series of experiments to monitor ground deformation in the Mammoth Lakes-Long Valley caldera region in California. Other objectives included the testing of the water vapor radiometers for the calibration of GPS data, the development of efficient procedures for planning and coordinating GPS field exercise, the establishment of institutional interfaces for future cooperating ventures, the testing of the GPS Data Analysis Software (GIPSY, for GPS Inferred Positioning SYstem), and the establishment of a set of calibration baselines in California. Preliminary reports of the success of the field tests, including receiver performance and data quality, and on the status of the data analysis software are given.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: The Telecommunications and Data Acquisition Report; 7 p
    Format: application/pdf
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-12
    Beschreibung: The wind-driven circulation in a moderately large, stratified basin Lake Tahoe, California-Nevada, is studied using a numerical model. Direct circulations, in which the current directions remain relatively constant and the mean circulation formed over several days resembles the instantaneous circulation, and residual circulations, in which the currents fluctuate continuously and the mean circulation is characterized by small net displacements of parcels after large oscillations, are found. The lake's double gyre, dominated by the large anticyclonic northern gyre, differs from the single cyclonic gyre reported for other stratified basins, and examination of the modeled vorticity budget in the surface layer shows that the curl of the wind stress must be included to obtain the observed direct double gyre circulation.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 91; 8497-850
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-02-14
    Beschreibung: The Airborne Imaging Spectrometer (AIS) was flown over granitic, volcanic, and calc-silicate terrain around the Mary Kathleen Uranium Mine in Queensland, in a test of its mineralocial mapping capabilities. An analysis strategy and restoration and enhancement techniques were developed to process the 128 band AIS data. A preliminary analysis of one of three AIS flight lines shows that the data contains considerable spectral variation but that it is also contaminated by second-order leakage of radiation from the near-infrared region. This makes the recognition of expected spectral absorption shapes very difficult. The effect appears worst in terrains containing considerable vegetation. Techniques that try to predict this supplementary radiation coupled with the log residual analytical technique show that expected mineral absorption spectra can be derived. The techniques suggest that with additional refinement correction procedures, the Australian AIS data may be revised. Application of the log residual analysis method has proved very successful on the cuprite, Nevada data set, and for highlighting the alunite, linite, and SiOH mineralogy.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: JPL Proceedings of the Second Airborne Imaging Spectrometer Data Analysis Workshop; p 109-131
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-02-14
    Beschreibung: Analysis of Airborne Imaging Spectrometer (AIS) data acquired in Australia has revealed a number of operational problems. Horizontal striping in AIS imagery and spectral distortions due to order overlap were investigated. Horizontal striping, caused by grating position errors can be removed with little or no effect on spectral details. Order overlap remains a problem that seriously compromises identification of subtle mineral absorption features within AIS spectra. A spectrometric model of the AIS was developed to assist in identifying spurious spectral features, and will be used in efforts to restore the spectral integrity of the data.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: JPL Proceedings of the Second Airborne Imaging Spectrometer Data Analysis Workshop; p 52-62
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-02-14
    Beschreibung: Airborne Imaging Spectrometer (AIS) data were acquired for several vegetation types within the humid temperate eastern United States. The spectral region covered, 0.9 to 2.1 microns, was little used in vegetation studies. A preliminary analysis of spectral curves suggests that variations between vegetation spectra may be useful for discriminating plant communities. Calibration and normalization procedures must be refined to compensate for cloud cover, detector and other system noise, and possible second-order effects.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: JPL Proceedings of the Second Airborne Imaging Spectrometer Data Analysis Workshop; p 162-170
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-02-14
    Beschreibung: The first field test of NASA's Global Positioning System (GPS) Geodetic Program took place in March of 1985. The principal objective of this test was the demonstration of the feasibility of the fiducial station approach to precise GPS-based geodesy and orbit determination. Other objectives included an assessment of the performance of the several GPS receiver types involved in these field tests and the testing of the GIPSY software for GPS data analysis. In this article, the GIPSY (GPS Inferred Positioning System) software system is described and baseline solutions are examined for consistency with independent measurements made using very long baseline interferometry.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: The Telecommunications and Data Acquisition Report (date]; p 301 - 306
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-19
    Beschreibung: The use of remote sensing to discriminate, measure, and map forest damage is evaluated. TM spectal coverage, a helicopter-mounted radiometer, and ground-based surveys were utilized to examine the responses of the spruces and firs of Camels Hump Mountain, Vermont to stresses, such as pollution and trace metals. The basic spectral properties of vegetation are described. Forest damage at the site was estimated as 11.8-76.0 percent for the spruces and 19-43.8 percent for the balsam firs. Shifts in the spectra of the conifers in particular in the near IR region are analyzed, and variations in the mesophyll cell anatomy and pigment content of the spruces and firs are investigated. The relations between canopy moisture and damage is studied. The TM data are compared to aircraft data and found to be well correlated.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Bioscience (ISSN 0006-3568); 36; 439-445
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-19
    Beschreibung: The projections of leaf areas onto a horizontal plane and onto a vertical plane are examined for their utility in characterizing canopies for sunlight penetration (direct beam only) models. These projections exactly specify the penetration if the projections on the principal plane of the normals to the top surfaces of the leaves are in the same quadrant as the sun. Inferring the total leaf area from these projections (and therefore the penetration as a function of the total leaf area) is possible only with a large uncertainty (up to + or - 32 percent) because the projections are a specific measure of the total leaf area only if the leaf angle distribution is known. It is expected that this uncertainty could be reduced to more acceptable levels by making an approximate assessment of whether the zenith angle distribution is that of an extremophile canopy.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Materialart: Boundary-Layer Meteorology (ISSN 0006-8314); 36; 335-349
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-19
    Beschreibung: The purpose of ISLSCP is to verify the use of satellite data for the estimation of land-surface properties. This is to be done through a series of field experiments using a combination of point measurements on the ground and areal measurements from aircraft overflights. In addition to validating satellite estimates of surface properties, approaches for obtaining areal averages of the radiation, moisture, and heat fluxes from remotely sensed data are to be studied. The procedure for doing this is to combine the surface point measurements of the fluxes with the aircraft areal observations using a surface-energy-balance model. This should make it possible to interpolate between the point estimates of these fluxes and calculate area-averaged quantities. The surface parameters to be estimated from aircraft observations include: surface radiation temperature, albedo, land-cover or vegetation index, and surface soil moisture.
    Schlagwort(e): EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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