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  • Springer  (8)
  • 1980-1984  (8)
  • 1981  (8)
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  • 1980-1984  (8)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 41 (1981), S. 33-45 
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A sixth order nonlinear model for horizontal head rotations in humans is analyzed using an extended parameter sensitivity analysis and a global optimization algorithm. The sensitivity analysis is used in both the direct sense, as a model fitting tool, and in the indirect sense, as a guide to experimental design. Resolution is defined in terms of the sensitivity table, and is used to interpret the sensitivity results. Using sensitivity analyses, the head and eye movement systems are compared and contrasted. Controller signal parameters are the most influential. Their variations and effects on head movement trajectories and accelerations are investigated, and the conclusions are compared with clinical neurological findings. The global optimization algorithm, in addition to automating the fitting of various types of data, is combined with time optimality theory to give theoretical time-optimal inputs to the model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 41 (1981), S. 19-32 
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A sixth order nonlinear model for horizontal head rotations in humans is presented and investigated using experimental results on head movement trajectories and neck muscle EMG. The controller signals, structured in accordance with time optimal control theory, are parameterized, and controller signal parameter variations show a dominating influence on different aspects of the head movement trajectory. The model fits the common head acceleration types over a wide range of amplitudes, and also less common (dynamic overshoot) trajectories.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 45 (1981), S. 531-574 
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The magnetoresistance of extremely pure, strain-free magnesium is dominated by the transport properties of a narrow slab of coupled orbits in the geometry in whichJ ∥ [11 $$\bar 2$$ 0] andH lies in the (11 $$\bar 2$$ 0) plane. In samples whose quantum state lifetimeτ s exceeds 10−10 sec the conductivity of the coupled orbit system is controlled byτ s as well as the large-angle scattering lifetimeτ 1. The magnetoresistance then exhibits complicated behavior, oscillating with |H| and varying rapidly with field orientation. The behavior withH aligned to within about 0.001° of [10 $$\bar 1$$ 0] is due to manifold multiply connected open orbits, whereas forH tilted away from [10 $$\bar 1$$ 0] by more than this the behavior is due to extended, multiply connected closed orbits. Detailed models for both these regimes are developed, taking into account the interference effects resulting from the feedback paths. Within these models the transport properties are calculated exactly, taking into account to all orders the amplitude propagation of wave packets within the network. Results are compared to experimental data and previous calculations, and the limitations of the model are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 17 (1981), S. 193-220 
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les résultats rapportés dans le mémoire sont basés sur une série d'essais de déformation cyclique qui ont été conduits à température ambiante sur des échantillons de fer α décarburés à haute pureté sous une forme mono- et polycristalline. Les données expérimentales couvrent les amplitudes de déformation plastique Δε pl correspondant à 10−4 ≲ Δε pl ≲ 10−2 ainsi que des variations dans la vitesse de déformation plastique comprises entre 10-5 et 10-2 s-1. Dans le cas de cristaux simples, on a également étudié les effects du C en solution (∼30 ppm). Les données mécaniques ont été complétées par des études détaillées des arrangements des dislocations, en utilisant la microscopie électronique à transmission, ainsi que les aspects des surfaces en utilisant la microscopie optique et la microscopie électronique à balayage. On a traité dans le détail les sujets suivants: accroissement cyclique et saturation, mécanisme de dislocation, modification de forme associée à des glissements assymétriques de dislocation vis, réponse cyclique contrainte/dilatation et amorcage de la fissure de fatigue. Sous les conditions conventionnelles de haute vitesse de déformation plastique (supérieure à 10-4 s-1) le comportement en fatigue du fer α à la température ambiante rend compte de la faible mobilité des dislocations vis, ce qui est caractéristique d'un mode de déformation à basse température des métaux cubiques centrés. En conséquence, le comportement fait état de différences significatives par rapport aux métaux cubiques faces centrés soumis à fatigue tels que: une intense multiplication des dislocations en-dessous Δε pl ∼ 5 × 10−4, un glissement secondaire appréciable pour des valeurs de Δε pl supérieures qui conduit à une structure en cellules (c.à.d que des bandes de glissement persistantes ne se forment point), des modifications de forme dues à des glissements assymétriques de dislocation vis, ainsi qu'un niveau de contrainte effective relativement élevé. La réduction de la vitesse de déformation plastique et la presence d'atomes de C en solution modifient ce comportement de manière significative, et le rapprochent davantage de celui des métaux cubiques centrés. Dans tous les cas, on a prouvé que seule la composante athermique de la contrainte de saturation, à défaut de cette dernière, représente une mesure appropriée des propriétés des substructures de dislocation. Sur base du comportement à la déformation cyclique et des observations d'amorcage de fissure de fatigue trans-et intergranulaire, on a conclu que la limite de fatigue du fer α est une propriété intrinsèque d'une structure cubique centrée dont les caractéristiques toutefois, se trouvent être sensiblement affectées par la teneur en impuretés intersticielles et par la vitesse de déformation de l'essai de fatigue.
    Notes: Abstract The reported studies are based on a series of cyclic deformation tests that were conducted at room temperature on decarburized high-purity α-iron specimens in mono-and polycrystalline form. The experimental data cover plastic strain ranges Δε pl in the regime 10−4 ≲ Δε pl ≲ 10−2 and variations in cyclic plastic strain rates έ pl between ∼10-5 and ∼10−2 s−1. In the case of single crystals, the effect of solute carbon (∼30 wt. ppm) was investigated as well. The mechanical data were supplemented by detailed studies of the dislocation arrangements by transmission electron microscopy and of the surface patterns by scanning electron and optical microscopy. Detailed accounts are given of the following topics: cyclic hardening and saturation, dislocation mechanisms, shape changes due to asymmetric slip of serew dislocations, cyclic stress-strain response and fatigue crack initiation. Under conventional conditions of “high” έ pl (≲10−4 s−1) the fatigue behaviour of α-iron at room temperature reflects the low mobility of the screw dislocations which is characteristic of the lowttemperature mode of deformation of body-centred cubic (b.c.c.) metals. As a consequence the behaviour exhibits significant differences with respect to that of fatigued face-centred cubic (f.c.c.) metals such as: strongly impeded dislocation multiplication below Δε pl ∼ 5 × 10−4, appreciable secondary slip at higher Δε pl leading to a cell structure (persistent slip bands do not form), shape changes due to asymmetric slip of screw dislocations and a relatively high effective stress level. The reduction of έ pl and the presence of solute carbon atoms modify this behaviour significantly, making it more similar to that of f.c.c. metals. In all cases it was found that only the athermal component of the peak (saturation) stress but not the latter itself represents a suitable measure of the properties of the dislocation substructure. On the basis of the cyclic deformation behaviour and of observations of trans-and intergranular fatigue crack initiation it was concluded that the fatigue limit of α-iron is an intrinsic property of the b.c.c. structure whose characteristics, however, are affected sensitively by interstitial impurity content and by the strain rate of the fatigue test.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1981-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0340-1200
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0770
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1981-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0340-1200
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0770
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1981-04-01
    Print ISSN: 1073-5623
    Electronic ISSN: 1543-1940
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Springer
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1981-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0376-9429
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-2673
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Springer
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