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  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (53)
  • FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
  • GENERAL
  • 1975-1979  (77)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1979  (77)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 1975-1979  (77)
  • 1955-1959
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of hexose on chloramphenicol sensitivity and resistance in chinese hamster cells (1979)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 98 (1979), S. 627-635 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The toxicity and extent of growth inhibition produced by chloramphenicol (CAP) in CAPs Chinese hamster cells (line V79-5) was found to be dependent on the type and concentration of hexose in the medium. In high levels of glucose (6.5 mM), cultures of CAPs cells underwent 7-8 population doublings in the presence of 100 μg/ml CAP and viability then dropped rapidly. In contrast, lower concentrations of glucose (1.0 mM) permitted only limited growth (2-3 doublings) in the presence of 100 μg/ml CAP, but the cells remained viable and apparently quiescent for prolonged periods of time. The growth potential of V79-5 cells in CAP appeared specifically dependent on glucose, as mannose and galactose could not substitute for glucose. The toxicity of CAP to these cells seemed to be determined primarily by the number of cell doublings in the presence of the drug.A CAPR derivative of V79-5, designated 5-3, was analyzed in order to determine whether the requirement for glucose for cell growth in the presence of CAP also occurred in cells that were isolated as resistant to the drug. In order to rigorously control the hexose in the medium, some experiments were performed with medium containing dialysed, instead of whole, fetal calf serum. It was seen that the growth of the CAPR line in the presence (but not the absence) of 100 μg/ml CAP was dependent on glucose in the medium. Thus, resistance to CAP in these cells appears to be a conditional state, dependent on glucose for expression. Furthermore, the glucose auxotrophy of these cells in the presence of CAP suggests that CAP is still affecting some activities in cells isolated as CAPR.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040980321
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Bonellin on fertilization and cleavage of the eggs of the sea urchin, sphaerechinus granularis (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 2 (1979), S. 247-258 
    Details
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: Bonellin ; Bonellia viridis ; Sphaerechinus granularis ; fertilization ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We have studied the structural changes occurring in the eggs of the sea urchin Sphaerechinus granularis treated with bonellin, the green pigment of the sea worm Bonellia viridis, which is responsible for the masculinization of the larva of this animal. The two major targets of bonellin appear to be the cortical structures and the nuclear membrane, while the mitochondria do not appear to be affected. As a result of bonellin treatment, cleavage is prevented while nuclear divisions proceed. The possibility is discussed that the alteration of the cortical structures may interfere with the assembly of the surface microfilaments and hence with the formation of the cleavage furrows.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1120020308
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  • 3
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    Investigations on transparent liquid-miscibility gap systems (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Sedimentation and phase separation is a well known occurrence in monotectic or miscibility gap alloys. Previous investigations indicate that it may be possible to prepare such alloys in a low-gravity space environment but recent experiments indicate that there may be nongravity dependent phase separation processes which can hinder the formation of such alloys. Such phase separation processes are studied using transparent liquid systems and holography. By reconstructing holograms into a commercial-particle-analysis system, real time computer analysis can be performed on emulsions with diameters in the range of 5 micrometers or greater. Thus dynamic effects associated with particle migration and coalescence can be studied. Characterization studies on two selected immiscible systems including an accurate determination of phase diagrams, surface and interfacial tension measurements, surface excess and wetting behavior near critical solution temperatures completed.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: Alabama Univ. UAH(NASA Workshop on Fluids Expt. System; p 21-35
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Flow friction of the turbulent coolant flow in cryogenic porous cables (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Considered are cryogenic power transmission cables with porous cores. Calculations of the turbulent coolant flow with injection or suction through the porous wall are presented within the framework of a two-layer model. Universal velocity profiles were obtained for the viscous sublayer and flow core. Integrating the velocity profile, the law of flow friction in the pipe with injection has been derived for the case when there is a tangential injection velocity component. The effect of tangential velocity on the relative law of flow friction is analyzed. The applicability of the Prandtl model to the problem under study is discussed. It is shown that the error due to the acceptance of the model increases with the injection parameter and at lower Reynolds numbers; under these circumstances, the influence of convective terms in the turbulent energy equation on the mechanism of turbulent transport should be taken into account.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-TM-79052 , DOE/NASA/0207-79/1 , Intern. Congr. on Refrigeration; Sep 23, 1979 - Sep 29, 1979; Venice; Italy
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemoreceptors in the cibario-pharyngeal pump of the cabbage looper moth, Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 160 (1979), S. 7-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The structure of contact chemoreceptors in the cibariopharyngeal pump of the moth Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is described. Two types of receptors designated A and B are located on the floor of the pump. Two groups of 9-12 A receptors are located in the anterior part of the pump, and two groups of two B receptors are in the posterior part of the pump. Five sensory dendrites extend to the tip of each A receptor and four to each B receptors. Available evidence indicates that these receptors are contact chemoreceptors and do not serve as mechanoreceptors. The receptors are compared to those of other insects.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051600103
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature levels and periods of sex determination during incubation of eggs of Chelydra serpentina (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 159 (1979), S. 17-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Eggs of Chelydra serpentina were shifted during incubation between the female producing temperatures of 20°C or 30°C and the male producing temperature of 26°C. In the 20°C and 26°C combination, the stages during which incubation temperature determined sex were stage 14 through stage 16 (stages of normal series, Yntema, '68). In the 30°C and 26°C combination, the temperature sensitive stages for sex determination were stage 14 through stage 19. Incubation at 26°C throughout this period was needed to produce all males. Incubation at 30°C during either the first or second half of the period produced nearly all females; shorter periods of incubation at 30°C were more effective in producing females during the second half of the sensitive period. In the 20°C and 26°C combination, incubation at 20°C or 26°C for parts of the sensitive period produced both males and females. In three of the 57 clutches of eggs used in the experiments, incidence of females was atypically high.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051590103
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of germanium on the morphology of silica deposition in a freshwater sponge (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 159 (1979), S. 343-353 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The effect of germanium on the secretion of siliceous spicules by the freshwater sponge Spongilla lacustris was investigated by exposing germinating and hatching gemmules to varying concentrations of germanium (Ge) in the presence of silicon (Si). Results were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively and demonstrate that a [Ge]/[Si] (= molar ratio) of 1.0 completely inhibits silicon deposition. Intermediate ratios (0.5, 0.1, 0.01) which are permissive to spicule appearance result in fewer, shorter, and thinner spicules, in proportionately fewer microscleres, and in short bulbous megascleres. The size of the bulb increases with increasing [Ge]/[Si], while the length of the bulbous megascleres decreases with increasing [Ge]/[Si]. Microscleres do not demonstrate these graded responses suggesting that they are secreted in an all or none manner. Swellings produced in pond water and bulbs produced in germanium appear to decrease in size with time indicating a spreading of the accumulated silica. The effect of germanium on spicule secretion can be partially explained by its ability to uncouple the growth in length of the axial filament from the growth of the surrounding silicalemma. Under these conditions excess silicalemma is produced in which silica accumulates as bulbs in short spicules. Continuous exposure to Ge is necessary to produce this altered morphology. It is conjectured that the bulbs may be retained due to an inhibition of spreading. which in turn may be caused by the incorporation of germanium into the silica.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051590305
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mandibular function in Galago crassicaudatus and Macaca fascicularis: An in vivo approach to Stress Analysis of the mandibleThis investigation was supported by the following: NIH Research Career Development Award (DE 00027), NIH Research Grant (DE 4531) and a NSF Research Grant (BNS 76-11924). (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 159 (1979), S. 253-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Single-element and/or rosette strain gages were bonded to mandibular cortical bone in Galago crassicaudatus and Macaca fascicularis. Five galago and eleven macaque bone strain experiments were performed and analyzed. In vivo bone strain was recorded from the lateral surface of the mandibular corpus below the postcanine tooth row during transducer biting and during mastication and ingestion of food objects.In macaques and galagos, the mandibular corpus on the balancing side is primarily bent in the sagittal plane during mastication and is both twisted about its long axis and bent in the sagittal plane during transducer biting. On the working side, it is primarily twisted about its long axis and directly sheared perpendicular to its long axis, and portions of it are bent in the sagittal plane during mastication and molar transducer biting. In macaques, the mandibular corpus on each side is primarily bent in the sagittal plane and twisted during incisal transducer biting and ingestion of food objects, and it is transversely bent and slightly twisted during jaw opening. Since galagos usually refused to bite the transducer or food objects with their incisors, an adequate characterization of mandibular stress patterns during these behaviors was not possible. In galagos the mandibular corpus experiences very little transverse bending stress during jaw opening, perhaps in part due to its unfused mandibular symphysis.Marked differences in the patterns of mandibular bone strain were present between galagos and macaques during the masticatory power stroke and during transducer biting. Galagos consistently had much more strain on the working side of the mandibular corpus than on the balancing side. These experiments support the hypothesis that galagos, in contrast to macaques, employ a larger amount of working-side muscle force relative to the balancing-side muscle force during unilateral biting and mastication, and that the fused mandibular symphysis is an adaption to use a maximal amount of balancing-side muscle force during unilateral biting and mastication.These experiments also demonstrate the effects that rosette position, bite force magnitudes, and types of food eaten have on recorded mandibular strain patterns.
    Additional Material: 27 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051590208
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural features of the retina and optic nerve of Strombus luhuanus, a marine gastropod (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 159 (1979), S. 89-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The retina and optic nerve of Strombus luhuanus were examined by transmission electron microscopy in order to provide an ultrastructural basis for their electrophysiological responses, described elsewhere. The retina exhibits a distinct rhabdomeric layer and layers of cell nuclei and neuropile. These layers are comprised predominantly of three cell types that can be readily distinguished on the basis of their shape, their nuclei and cytoplasmic inclusions such as vesicles and filaments. One type of cell, apparently a photoreceptor that depolarizes in response to photic stimulation, possesses a long distal segment with microvilli; such distal segments comprise the bulk of the rhabdomeric layer. A second cell type, which appears to be supportive in function, contains a bundle of tightly packed tonofilaments that extend across the retina from the capsule to the vitreous body; this cell is quite narrow except in the region near the rhabdomeric layer, where it is expanded and wraps around the other cell types. A third type of cell possesses many short microvilli that project from its apical end into the rhabdomeric layer; it may be a second type of photoreceptor or another type of neuron. The retina also contains bundles of cilia that appear to project from a possible fourth type of cell. The layer of neuropile contains numerous processes that exhibit a variety of vesicle types and structures generally associated with synapses; these appear to play a role in mediating inhibitory and excitatory interactions between the retinal neurons. The optic nerve exhibits two populations of fiber distinguishable on the basis of mean diameter. Fibers in these two populations apparently yield “on” and “off” discharges in response to photic stimulation of the eye.
    Additional Material: 29 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051590108
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The functional significance of primate mandibular formThis investigation was supported by NIH Research Career Development Award DE 00027, NIH Research Grant DE 4531 and NSF Research Grant BNS76-11924. (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 160 (1979), S. 223-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A stress analysis of the primate mandible suggests that vertically deep jaws in the molar region are usually an adaptation to counter increased sagittal bending stress about the balancing-side mandibular corpus during unilateral mastication. This increased bending stress about the balancing side is caused by an increase in the amount of balancing-side muscle force. Furthermore, this increased muscle force will also cause an increase in dorsoventral shear stress along the mandibular symphysis. Since increased symphyseal stress can be countered by symphyseal fusion and as increased bending stress can be countered by a deeper jaw, deep jaws and symphyseal fusion are often part of the same functional pattern. In some primates (e.g., Cercocebus albigena), deep jaws are an adaptation to counter bending in the sagittal plane during powerful incisor biting, rather than during unilateral mastication.The stress analysis of the primate mandible also suggests that jaws which are transversely thick in the molar region are an adaptation to counter increased torsion about the long axis of the working-side mandibular corpus during unilateral mastication. Increased torsion of the mandibular corpus can be caused by an increase in masticatory muscle force, an increase in the transverse component of the postcanine bite force and/or an increase in premolar use during mastication.Patterns of masticatory muscle force were estimated for galagos and macaques, demonstrating that the ratio of working-side muscle force to balancing-side muscle force is approximately 1.5:1 in macaques and 3.5:1 in galagos during unilateral isometric molar biting. These data support the hypothesis that mandibular symphyseal fusion is an adaptative response to maximize unilateral molar bite force by utilizing a greater percentage of balancing-side muscle force.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051600208
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