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  • Life and Medical Sciences
  • ASTROPHYSICS
  • 1965-1969  (25)
  • 1905-1909
  • 1966  (25)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The release of amino acids from nerve during stimulationSupported by grant NB03971-03 from the USPHS. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 141-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Frog sciatic nerves were incubated for 24 hours in either glycine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, lysine, leucine, γ-aminobutyric acid, glutamine, or pentanedioic acid (all labeled with C14), and the rates of release of these compounds were monitored under resting conditions and during stimulation. Upon stimulation, the rate or release of glutamic acid increased an average of 200% above the resting rate. This extra release is highly specific with regard to molecular size and structure, since of the compounds tested only glutamic acid gave significant increases in rates of release during stimulation. Ouabain (0.1 mM) had no effect on the rate of release; however, sodium azide (0.2 mM or 1.0 mM) completely eliminated the extra release during excitation, indicating that the increased permeability to glutamic acid is energy-dependent. Competition experiments show that the extra release of glutamic acid can be eliminated with 10 mM concentrations of non-isotopic choline. The hypothesis is advanced that glutamic acid is actively extruded by a highly specific carrier mechanism.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670116
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of thiourea and cortisone acetate on duodenal length and diameter and on morphogenesis of duodenal villi in chick embryosThe present investigation is part of that submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Zoology in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois, 1963. (1966)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 118 (1966), S. 183-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Subnormal growth in length and diameter of the duodenum is encountered both in chick embryos injected with thiourea at 11 days of incubation, and in embryos injected with cortisone acetate at 14 days of incubation. Morphogenesis of previllous ridges and villi is retarded in thiourea-treated embryos. Morphogenesis of previllous ridges and villi in cortisone acetate-treated embryos at first seems to be slightly accelerated over that of controls, but the acceleration does not appear to be maintained, and the hormone may actually be inhibitory to normal morphogenesis of villi by 19 days of incubation. The results indicate that normal levels of endogenous thyroxine are necessary for normal growth in length and diameter of the duodenum and for normal morphogenesis of previllous ridges and villi. The possibility that adrenocorticoids may also play a role in the normal development of these parameters is indicated, although the evidence is inconclusive.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051180204
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The histology and histochemistry of oogenesis in the water strider, Gerris remigis say (1966)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 118 (1966), S. 297-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In each ovariole of Gerris remigis, nurse cells arise by mitotic divisions at the anterior end of the germarium. These cells enlarge as they move posteriorly. This size increase is possibly caused by fusion of cells, but probably by endopolyploidy as well. The nurse cells then establish connections with a central trophic core, which receives the products of subsequent nurse cell degradation. Two possible pathways of nuclear degradation are suggested: one involves the condensation of chromatin within the nucleus; the other, the release of DNA as fine granules into the cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic areas containing such DNA are also rich in proteinaceous granules, but have a meager content of RNA. The remainder of the cytoplasm of the mature nurse cells contains a high concentration of RNA, as do the nucleoli.Posteriorly the trophic core connects via nutritive cords with each developing oocyte in the prefollicular region and in the anterior vitellarium. RNA is apparently contributed to the ooplasm via the trophic stream. Patches of cytoplasmic DNA are present in the young oocytes; the origin and fate of this DNA is uncertain.During early oocyte maturation chromosomal stainability decreases, and the nucleolus enlarges. In previtellogenic stages, numerous proteinaceous bodies appear in association with the nucleolus-chromosome complex. These bodies, like the nucleolus, have only a low RNA content. They may pass to the cytoplasm, but cannot be traced with certainty. During the latter part of this period a complex population of small proteinaceous and lipid preyolk bodies accumulates peripherally in the oocyte. Definitive protein and lipid yolk are probably derived by the enlargement and inward migration of these bodies.The oocytes are each surrounded by a layer of follicle cells proliferated in the prefollicular region. These become binucleate and enlarge as the enclosed oocytes grow and elongate. RNA also increases in the nucleoli and cytoplasm of the follicle cells as they move posteriorly in the vitellarium. There is no evidence of transfer of nucleic acids or protein from the follicle cells to the oocyte.The nurse cells are therefore implicated as the major source of nucleic acids for the maturing oocyte.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051180302
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The structure and function of the gill tufts in larval Amphipterygidae (Odonata: Zygoptera) (1966)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 120 (1966), S. 9-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Larvae of the subfamily Amphipteryginae (Odonata) bear a tuft of tracheal gills on either side of the anus. The two tufts are derived from the laminae sub-anales, and are protected by the non-respiratory epiproct and paraprocts, and by plates derived from the cerci, lamina supra-analis or the lamina sub-analis itself. Each is approximately 1 mm long in mature larvae and comprises a series of repeatedly branching filaments, the terminal twigs of which are 5 to 10 μ in diameter. The total surface area of the tufts is approximately 5.0 mm2 in mature larvae of Devadatta, and more in the larvae of Pentaphlebia and Rimanella. Each tuft is connected by a large trachea to the longitudinal tracheal trunk. This large trachea divides many times, eventually forming a dense palisade of tracheoles in the epidermis of the filaments, immediately beneath the thin investing cuticle.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051200103
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fine structural organization of the rectum in the blowfly, Calliphora erythrocephala (Meig.) with special reference to connective tissue, tracheae and neurosecretory innervation in the rectal papillae (1966)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 120 (1966), S. 23-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The rectal epithelium of Calliphora is made up of three quite distinct cell types: rectal, cortical and junctional cells.The thin wall of the rectal pouch is made up of rectal cells which are relatively simple and unspecialized; their general structure does not suggest any direct participation in ion transport.A function of ion and water transport can probably be ascribed to the cortical cells, which are arranged in the form of four cones which project into the rectal lumen. The cavity of each cone is filled up with tracheae, nerve and neurosecretory terminals, and connective tissue to form medulla. The medulla and cortex are separated from each other by deeply staining bridges or trabeculae to form an infundibular space. The most conspicuous feature of the cortex is the presence of an extensive intercellular sinus formed by complex infoldings of the lateral plasma-membranes. It is postulated that fluid, which is absorbed from the rectal lumen, is transported into the intercellular sinus and finally reaches the haemolymph via the infundibular space. The actual site of ion transport is probably the stacks of lateral plasma-membrane which are closely associated with mitochondria.The junctional cells, which are packed with microtubules, form a collar around the base of the papillae at the point of their insertion into the rectal wall.It is suggested that the neurosecretory terminals present in the medulla might release a hormone which controls rate of ion and water reabsorption by the papillae cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051200104
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The origin and development of alopecia in mice homozygous for strong's luxoid geneThis work was supported by research grant AM-06428 from the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases, Public Health Service, and by a grant made to M. L. Fritts by the Institute of Science and Technology, State of Michigan. (1966)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 118 (1966), S. 565-579 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Hair follicles are initiated in mice homozygous for Strong's luxoid gene at the normal times. The dermis from 16 days of gestation to nine days after birth lags in development. The adipose layer instead of enlarging at the normal time of three days after birth delays until nine days. The growth of the first cycle hairs is inhibited, particularly on dorsal surfaces. Some follicles of all types degenerate. The surviving follicles enter telogen at seven days after birth, after forming only short unpigmented or poorly-pigmented hairs. Many follicles immediately begin a second cycle of growth, in which more normal hairs develop and a substantial adipose layer forms. No alopecia develops on ventral surfaces, but growth of the first cycle ceases and the second cycle commences earlier than normal; the hairs formed are abnormal. Abnormal hair growth in Strong's luxoid homozygotes may be a result of the retarded growth of the dermis or both defects may be secondary to a more fundamental defect.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051180409
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Depletions in the cervical and thoracolumbar sympathetic system following removal of neural crest from the embryo of Chelydra serpentinaThis work was supported in part by a research grant from the National Science Foundation, GE-1481. The library facilities of the Marine Biological Laboratory were used in preparing the manuscript. (1966)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 120 (1966), S. 203-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Neural crest and dorsal neural tube of cervical and thoracolumbar levels were removed from embryos of Chelydra serpentina at stages ranging from 8 to 18 somites. Extirpation extended from the levels of the last four somites posteriorly around the neurenteric canal. Deficiencies in sensory and sympathetic ganglia occurred. Motor roots of the associated spinal nerves differentiated. In the absence of postganglionic neurons, the preganglionic fibers form a neuron-free plexus in the thoracolumbar region. Some observations in the cervical region indicate that the postganglionic neurons depend on preganglionic fibers for their differentiation. The cortex of the adrenal gland formed without related medulla in appropriate experiments.The normal morphology of the sympathetic trunks is illustrated. Superficial and deep cervical sympathetic trunks are described. The latter ascends the neck in a paravertebral position. Along its course are segmental ganglia and rami communicantes; it terminates by joining the medial branch of the superficial sympathetic trunk rostral to the ninth cranial nerve.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051200206
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cardiac glycogen depletion in Amphiuma means during induced anoxia (1966)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 120 (1966), S. 391-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Giant salamanders, Amphiuma means, measuring 240 to 280 mm from snout to vent, tolerate induced anoxia for six hours. Most of the cardiac glycogen (beta units) is depleted within the first hour of anoxia but a few scattered units remain after six hours. The suggestion that cardiac glycogen is a stand-by energy source which enhances the energy available to the heart during anoxic strain is reasonable. Beta units are stored in the heart as opposed to the larger alpha units in the liver. The smaller beta units are probably more easily metabolized than the larger alpha units due to their greater surface area per volume ratio and dispersal around the numerous cardiac mitochondria.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051200405
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A histological and ultrastructural study of germinal differentiation of interstitial cells arising from gland cells in Hydra viridis (1966)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 120 (1966), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Gland cells of the gastrodermis of Hydra when isolated from the epidermis are capable of dedifferentiating into interstitial cells. Under proper environmental conditions these interstitial cells are capable of undergoing meiotic divisions and forming normal gametes. This dedifferentiation and redifferentiation sequence has been studied at the level of the light and electron microscope. It is concluded that in Hydra there is no specific germinal cell line determined during embryogeny, and that a somatic cell under proper environmental conditions can be induced to undergo meiosis.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051200102
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transport of sugars into human red blood cell ghosts (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 501-506 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: It has been found that human red cell ghosts react differently in the presence of various sugars in the medium. The stability of spheric ghosts is preserved in solutions of sugars entering red cells by means of the common carrier. In media of other sugars the ghosts' shapes change to shrunken, crenated forms and between the microscope slides to discoid ones. Under the conditions employed it was further observed that the incubation of fructose- or rhamnose-containing ghosts in solutions of sugars sharing the carriers led to an equilibration of sugars between the medium and the ghosts. The impermeability of ghosts for sugars not sharing the carriers was supported by the finding that fructose could be washed out to a much less extent than glucose. These results suggest that sugars without affinity to the carriers may move in the erythrocyte membrane through nonspecific sites (pores, channels).
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670314
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