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  • 1
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    Studies on the efficiency of mating in the sheep II. The effect of freedom of rams, paddock size, and age of ewes (1961)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1961-08-01
    Description: A factorial experiment is described in which thirty-six aged and thirty-six maiden spayed crossbred ewes were used in four successive tests at intervals of 15 days in a study of factors affecting the detection of oestrus. Variates introduced into each test were: (a) freedom of rams (free or tethered); (b) size of mating paddock (17 acres or ⅕ acre); (c) age of ewe (maiden or aged); and (d) dose of oestrogen (oestradiol benzoate, ODB: 10·0, 15·6, 24·4 μg.).All ewes were primed with progesterone for 12 days prior to ODB injection and joining. The number of ewes detected in oestrus and the number and identity of rams which served each ewe were recorded.In the four successive tests 29, 33, 36 and 30 ewes were served.Significant main effects were: (a) freedom of rams—free 77, tethered, 51 (P 〈 0·001); (b) size of mating paddock—17 acres 49, ⅕ acre 79 (P 〈 0·001); (c) age of ewes—aged 57, maiden 71 (P 〈 0·05); and (d) dose of ODB—10·0 μg., 20; 15·6 μg., 41; 24·4 μg., 67 (P 〈 0·001).Significant interactions were: (a) test number × age (P = 0·01), and (b) test number × dose of ODB (P 〈 0·05). The number of maiden ewes served increased and that of aged ewes decreased withsuccessive tests. There was a barely significant ohange in the slope of the ODB D/R line.Ewes showed no obvious preference for tethered rams of any particular breed. There was a positive correlation between the performance of rams when free and tethered.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8596
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-5146
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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  • 2
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    Studies on the efficiency of mating in the sheep I. The effect of paddock size and number of rams (1961)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1961-08-01
    Description: A factorial experiment is described in which seventy-two spayed crossbred ewes were used in four successive tests at intervals of 15 days in a study of factors affecting the detection of oestrus. Variates introduced in each test were: (a) number of rams to eighteen ewes (one or three); (b) size of mating paddock (17 acres or ⅕ acre); (c) dose of oestrogen (oestradiol benzoate, ODB: 10·0, 15·6, 24·4 μg.).All ewes were primed with progesterone for 12 days prior to ODB injection and joining. The number of ewes detected in oestrus and the mean number of ewes served per ram were recorded.In the four successive tests, thirty-two, fortyseven, forty-six and forty-one ewes were served (P 〈 0·05). Three rams working together detected ninety-eight ewes in oestrus while rams working individually detected sixty-eight (P 〈 0·001). Size of mating paddock had no significant effect (17 acres, 89; Jacre, 77).The mean number of ewes marked per ram when used singly was indistinguishable from the mean number when rams were in groups of three (8·5 and 9·3). This resulted in multiple coverage of oestrous ewes when group joined (average 2·3 rams per ewe).
    Print ISSN: 0021-8596
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-5146
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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  • 3
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    The time of ovulation and efficiency of fertilization following progesterone and pregnant mare serum treatment in the cyclic ewe (1961)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1961-08-01
    Description: A factorial experiment designed to determine the time of ovulation relative to oestrus and to the cessation of progesterone treatment in cyclic maiden ewes, and subsequent fertilization of ova, is described. Seventy-two ewes were used. Factors were: (a) type of service (natural v. A.I with fresh undiluted semen v. A.I. with semen diluted 1:1 with heated cows' milk); (b) frequency of progesterone (daily v. every 2 days); (c) post progesterone withdrawal treatment (500 i.u. PMS v. no PMS); (d) week of treatment (3 successive weeks); and (e) days within weeks (2 successive days). Insemination was carried out on the third day after cessation of progesterone without reference to the results of teasing with vasectomized rams.Progesterone (20 mg.) administered every 2 days was as effective as 10 mg. administered daily for suppression of ovulation. PMS resulted in a highly significant increase (P 〈 0·001) in the numbers of ewes which ovulated and which exhibited oestrus after progesterone, and in the number of fertile ewes (P 〈 0·05).There was a considerable spread of time of onset of oestrus and of ovulation. This was unaffected by any treatment. Most ewes were served 24–96 hr. (peak 48–84 hr.) and ovulated 48–108 hr. (peak 72–108) after cessation of progesterone. The time relationships of oestrus, ovulation and ovum transport appeared normal.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8596
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-5146
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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  • 4
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    The Relation Between the Quartz Fabric and Fold Movements in a Folded Calc-Silicate Rock from the Moines of Scotland (1961)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1961-08-01
    Description: Petrofabric analyses of quartz c-axes have been made at four locations round a fold in a calc-silicate rock. The movement direction during the folding is deduced from the deformation of an older lineation. Two fabrics are present: the earlier, associated with the deformed lineation, is being replaced by a fabric associated with the formation of the fold. It is shown how the symmetry of the later fabric is related not to the axis of the fold but to the direction of the movement that produced the fold; and how the quartz c-axes lie on a conical surface, giving a small circle on a stereogram plot.
    Print ISSN: 0016-7568
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-5081
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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  • 5
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    I.G.Y. Glaciological Work at Wilkes Station, Antarctica (1961)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1961-01-01
    Description: The Wilkes Station area comprises 75 km.2of rock which form one of the most extensive exposures on this part of the East Antarctic coast. During 1957 and 1958 the continental ice sheet south-east of Wilkes Station was explored to a distance of 100 km. inland, and its form and behaviour studied by means of topographic, movement and gravity surveys. Surface stake measurements inland showed a net accumulation equivalent to 13.7 cm. of water in 1958. Sub-surface measurements of wetness, hardness, density, grain size, crystal size, shape and fabric and electrical conductivity were made at 60 locations and to depths which reached 62 m. at an auxiliary inland station. Meteorological observations were made and englacial temperatures measured. In summary, the ice sheet in this area provides a typical section of a polar glacier. The evidence for glacial fluctuations and the possibility of establishing a chronology for these are discussed.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1430
    Electronic ISSN: 1727-5652
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of International Glaciological Society.
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  • 6
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    I.G.Y. Glaciological Work at Wilkes Station, Antarctica (1961)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1961-01-01
    Description: The Wilkes Station area comprises 75 km.2 of rock which form one of the most extensive exposures on this part of the East Antarctic coast. During 1957 and 1958 the continental ice sheet south-east of Wilkes Station was explored to a distance of 100 km. inland, and its form and behaviour studied by means of topographic, movement and gravity surveys. Surface stake measurements inland showed a net accumulation equivalent to 13.7 cm. of water in 1958. Sub-surface measurements of wetness, hardness, density, grain size, crystal size, shape and fabric and electrical conductivity were made at 60 locations and to depths which reached 62 m. at an auxiliary inland station. Meteorological observations were made and englacial temperatures measured. In summary, the ice sheet in this area provides a typical section of a polar glacier. The evidence for glacial fluctuations and the possibility of establishing a chronology for these are discussed.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1430
    Electronic ISSN: 1727-5652
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of International Glaciological Society.
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  • 7
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    Cross-bedding in the Calciferous Sandstone Series of Fife and West Lothian (1961)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1961-02-01
    Description: Cross-bedding within the sandstones of eastern Fife indicates a predominant north to north-easterly source for the clastic debris. This inference is in accordance with cross-bedding data from sandstones of similar age in southern Fife and West Lothian.
    Print ISSN: 0016-7568
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-5081
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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