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  • Chemistry  (130)
  • STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
  • ASTROPHYSICS
  • 1970-1974
  • 1960-1964  (131)
  • 1920-1924
  • 1961  (131)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interfacial area in liquid-liquid mixing (1961)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 7 (1961), S. 663-665 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In predicting interfacial area in liquid-liquid systems there are several published reports which give different results. Differences in methods of measurement of interfacial area and impeller design and location account for some of these discrepancies.For one pair of liquids, 40 parts by volume of ethylhexanol and 60 parts water, it was found that over wide ranges of impeller size to tank size ratio (0.27 to 0.67) that equal power per unit volume gave equal interfacial area per unit volume.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690070426
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Performance of fractional watt ion exchange membrane fuel cells (1961)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 7 (1961), S. 551-558 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effect of design and operational variables on the performance of one type of hydrogen-oxygen ion exchange membrane fuel cell has been studied. Only the results of cells based on a phenolsulfonic acid formaldehyde type of ion exchange membrane containing one type of reinforcement are described. Platinum, palladium, iridium, and rhodium are adequate electrode materials for room-temperature operation. Performance of cells with platinum gauze current collectors bonded to the cell surfaces was only slightly better than that with external contacts about 1 cm. apart.Open circuit voltages range from 0.9 to 1.1 v. (theoretical 1.23) depending on the catalyst. The typical current at 0.5 v. is 30 ma./sq. cm. Better cells have delivered 80 ma./sq. cm. at 0.5 v. Life tests indicate that these cells can be expected to deliver a minimum of about 40 amp.-hr./sq. cm., when operated in the load range 8.5 to 230 ohm sq. cm., before failure of the electrolyte owing to pinhole formation. Current efficiency is very nearly 100%. Cell performance vs. temperature in the range 0° to 85°C. shows a maximum at about 55°C.
    Additional Material: 24 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690070406
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterogeneous polymer systems. I. Torsional modulus studies (1961)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 5 (1961), S. 580-588 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Torsional modulus-temperature data have been obtained on heterogeneous polymer compositions prepared by several procedures. Both the state of aggregation of the component chain molecules and their degree of compatibility are significant variables. Modulus curves similar to those for crystalline polymers can be obtained from incompatible polymers having glass temperatures sufficiently far apart. Detailed interpretations are presented for modulus curves of both individual homopolymers and bicomponent heterogeneous polymer mixtures.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1961.070051713
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transition metal catalysts VI. Bis-(cyclopentadienyl) transition metal polymerization catalysts (1961)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 55 (1961), S. 145-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: In the reaction of aluminum alkyls or aryls with (C5H5)2TiCl2 or (C5H5)2Ti(C6H5)2, there is rapid exchange of groups between the aluminum and titanium centers. When mixed alkyl and phenyl aluminum compounds react competitively with (C5H5)2TiCl2 to form ethylene polymerization catalysts, alkyl groups are more efficient than phenyl groups in initiating polymer chains. Since there is both selectivity in the initiation step and rapid exchange of groups, the presence or absence of phenyl endgroups in the polymer formed from different phenyl-containing catalysts cannot be used to identify the active catalyst site, as has been proposed. Additional evidence is presented which suggests that the π-bonding of the cyclopentadienyl compounds is disrupted either wholly or in part under the polymerization conditions, and at least part of the catalytic activity is due to the decomposition products.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1961.1205516115
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copolymerization of 1-acrylamido-1-deoxy-Dhyphen;glucitol and of 1-deoxy-1-methacrylamido-D-glucitol with various vinyl monomersJournal Paper No. 1645 of the Purdue University Agricultural Experiment Station. (1961)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 50 (1961), S. 127-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Copolymerization characteristics for 1-acrylamido-1-deoxy-D-glucitol and of 1-deoxy-1-methacrylamido-D-glucitol with various vinyl monomers is given. For the former compounds Q and e values are found to be 0.12 and 0.6 respectively and, for the latter, 0.08 and 1.3. In addition, viscosity, osmotic molecular weights, and solubilities for representative compounds are given.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1961.1205015315
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transition metal catalysts. V. Methyltitanium trichlorideThis work was presented as paper No. 17, Polymer Division, 137th Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Cleveland, Ohio, April 1960. (1961)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 50 (1961), S. 143-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The reported preparation of methyltitanium trichloride has been refined to give a product free of aluminum compounds. The infrared spectrum of this material in the 2-15 μ region was recorded, and suggested assignments for the various vibrations are given. Aluminum-free methyltitanium trichloride is not a catalyst for the low-pressure polymerization of ethylene, but it forms an active catalyst in the presence of its lower valence, thermal decomposition products. Mixtures of methyltitanium trichloride with vanadium tetrachloride or vanadium oxytrichloride lead to reduction of the vanadium valence and are active polymerization catalysts. In these bimetallic cases, polymer growth seems to occur at the vanadium center.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1961.1205015317
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of polyureas by the method of interfacial polycondensation (1961)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 52 (1961), S. 331-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The interfacial polycondensation method is one of the main achievements recently made in the chemistry of high molecular compounds. Its theoretical importance and the expected practical results aroused considerable interest in the method. By its means polyamides, polyesters and polyurethanes have been synthesized. The present report is devoted to a presentation of the results of an investigation into the interfacial synthesis of polyureas. The synthesis was carried out starting from the diamines and phosgene: In this particular case the diamine used was hexamethylenediamine. The reagents were brought in contract in the form of their solutions, namely in aqueous alkali in the case of the amine and in various organic solvents in the case of phosgene. The effect of the solubility of the phosgene solvent in the hexamethylenediamine solvent (water) on the yield and reduced viscosity of the polyureides was investigated. It was found that with increase in solubility both the yield and the viscosity decreased. The influence of the molar ratio of the reagents, of excess NaOH, of the solution concentration, of the duration of reaction, of the temperature, on the degree of polymerization and reduced viscosity of the polymers was also studied. A decrease of the temperature flavors growth of molecular weight. For temperatures between 10°C. and -10°C. the viscosity varies within the limits 0.08 to 0.7.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1961.1205215742
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Der Prodigiosin-ähnliche Pilzfarbstoff aus Streptomyces longisporus ruber (1961)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 73 (1961), S. 467-467 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19610731307
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The drag coefficients of single spheres moving in steady and accelerated motion in a turbulent fluid (1961)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 7 (1961), S. 615-619 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Drag coefficients of aerodynamically smooth spheres having a density variation of from 0.252 to 1.91 g./cc. and a diameter variation from 1.56 to 3.21 mm. were obtained for acceleration rates varying from 103.5 ft./sec.2 to -30 ft./sec.2 and for relative intensities of up to 45%. The particle-to-Eulerian macroscale ratios varied from 0.50 to 0.16, and the diameter-to-Eulerian microscale ratios varied from 10 to 2.The drag coefficients were found to be a function of the particle Reynolds number and of the relative intensity but not of the acceleration and relative macro-and-microscale variations.A transition theory for the system investigated is presented, which predicts that the product of the critical Reynolds number and the square of the relative intensity should be a constant; it is supported by the experimental results obtained.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690070417
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of organic substances on the transfer of oxygen from air bubbles in water (1961)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 7 (1961), S. 631-634 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The liquid film coefficient is related to bubble diameter and velocity in pure water and to the physical properties of the liquid. The addition to water of organic substances which influence the surface tension and viscosity will decrease the size of the air bubble released from a diffuser and reduce the transfer of oxygen into the solution. The maximum reduction in oxygen transfer occurs in the region of maximum surface tension change. The effect of the addition of several organic substances on the oxygen transfer characteristics are shown.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690070420
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