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  • 1
    Keywords: Architecture. ; Architecture History. ; Landscape architecture. ; Buildings. ; Architecture. ; Cities, Countries, Regions. ; Architectural History and Theory. ; Landscape Architecture. ; Building Types and Functions.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introducing the architectural, urban, and landscape challenges of Albania -- Part 1: Next cities between neoanthropocene and asceticism -- Augmented cities in the neoanthropocene -- A multi-scalar design proposal: s-RGB (Safe - regenerative green blue) design for the contemporary city -- Materiality and asceticism in architecture. A paradigm to learn from -- Part 2: Urban and territorial challenges in Albanian context -- Tirana-next. A complementary development strategy (and consequent urban tactics) for the informal and historical urban fabrics within Tirana super blocks -- An observation on gated communities in post-socialist Albania: Three case studies from Tirana -- The Mangalem quarter in Berat (Albania): Studies in the urban composition of the aggregate and the historical building techniques with relation to seismic action -- A comparative study between the wildfire prone forest surfaces within the metropolitan area of Sarajevo and Tirana -- Part 3: Architectural challenges in Albanian context -- Infill design in informal housing in Tirana, Albania: Transformations and spatial qualities -- Past, present and the claim for a possible future: The case of Tirana national theatre -- A study on the prisons morphology, case of Albania -- Space syntax analysis as a tool for evaluation of social and cultural values of Albanian housing - Case study of Tirana -- The rise of modernism in Tetova -- Part 4: Afterword: Tomorrow challenges in cities and planning -- Cities of tomorrow – Tomorrow of planning. Lessons for the Albanian cities.
    Abstract: This book aims to provide a cross-sectorial assessment in a multidisciplinary and trans-cultural context onto the innovations in urban and architectural approaches in designing next human environments within the Albanian context. The continuous concentration of the world population in the urban areas and their consequent densification require even more quantity of quality spaces and places, integrated resources and energies, alternative modalities of mobility and transports, demand of social inclusion and need for a circular economy. These have become the major challenges for this 21st Century and some of the greatest problems facing humanity in most of current vision for the future. The main objective is to feed a debate about the emerging trans-cultural (and trans-national) approaches in the whole designing field, from Albanian context and its current good practices, attempts and faults, both formal and informal. Thus, the Albanian experience may represent an opportunity through which we all may reflect about how designing is evolving in the Mediterranean arena of “praxis and experiments” aimed to a better quality of life at the human scale and in expanding the concepts of “place and space” such as it has improved by the effects in designing innovations. This book represents a useful read of theories, experiences and case studies, which can help in enlarging reflection on how the designing practice is evolving in the arena of forthcoming development strategies and tactics, all addressed to improve the quality of life, places and spaces. Additionally, it provides a range of architecture and urban design rationales and strategies for reinforcing identities and creating memorable places within the quality of contemporary architecture and urbanism. It addresses the unique needs of architects and planners to deal with topics that cut across social, economic and environmental issues and shows readers how to explore methods, theoretical frameworks and techniques to address the complex needs of architecture, urban and cultural development.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: VI, 200 p. 98 illus., 79 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030819194
    Series Statement: The Urban Book Series,
    DDC: 720
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Washington, DC : United States Gov. Print. Off.
    Associated volumes
    Call number: SR 90.0001(1058-D)
    In: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: III S., S. 121-138 + 5 pl.
    Series Statement: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin 1058-D
    Language: English
    Location: Lower compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2020-12-14
    Description: Late Cretaceous global plate reorganization associated with the inception of counterclockwise rotation of Africa relative to Europe initiated in the Balkan region small-volume magmatism of diverse geochemical signature along the enigmatic Sava-Vardar Zone. We study a Late Cretaceous lamprophyric sill in Ripanj village near Belgrade to constrain this magmatic episode. The lamprophyre is characterized by high contents of Na, P, Fe and Al, and low contents of K, Ca and Mg. Its original nature (Na, K, Ca and Mg) is concealed by intense alteration (albitization of feldspar and partial chloritization of phlogopite) that erased the ultrapotassic affinity of the rocks and resulted in extremely low K/Na ratios. The recalculated chemical composition demonstrates that the rocks are ultrapotassic, with K2O and MgO 〉3 wt % and K2O/Na2O 〉 2, and belong to the durbachite-vaugnerite series, i. e., the plutonic equivalents of minettes and kersantites. Two phlogopite concentrates gave Ar–Ar ages of 86.80 ± 0.5 Ma and 86.90 ± 0.5 Ma. Our combined elemental and Sr–Nd–Pb isotope data (87Sr/86Sr 0.70667–0.70677, 143Nd/144Nd 0.512426–0.512429, 206Pb/204Pb 18.82–19.13, 207Pb/204Pb 15.67–15.68, 208Pb/204Pb 38.92–39.19) for representative lamprophyric samples suggests magma derivation from a light rare earth elements (LREE) and K enriched, metasomatized mantle source. The content of LREE of the rocks is enriched, whereas heavy rare earth elements (HREE) is depleted. Rare earth elements (REE) of the whole rock and REE of diopside all indicate that garnet was present in their source. There are two viable and mutually-excluding geodynamic scenarios for the Late Cretaceous magmatism in the Balkans: (i) If the Sava-Vardar ocean still existed in the Late Cretaceous and was subducted under the European plate with arc volcanism along the Apuseni-Banat-Timok-Panagyurishte-Srednjogorje belt, coeval magmatism in the Sava-Vardar Zone occurred in a fore-arc setting, and may be related to ridge subduction; (ii) If the Mesozoic ocean closed already during the Upper Jurassic or Lower Cretaceous, the Late Cretaceous volcanism within the Sava-Vardar Zone represents intracontinental volcanism associated with transtensional tectonics.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2023-12-18
    Description: Most natural diamonds are formed in Earth’s lithospheric mantle; however, the exact mechanisms behind their genesis remain debated. Given the occurrence of electrochemical processes in Earth’s mantle and the high electrical conductivity of mantle melts and fluids, we have developed a model whereby localized electric fields play a central role in diamond formation. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a diamond crystallization mechanism that operates under lithospheric mantle pressure-temperature conditions (6.3 and 7.5 gigapascals; 1300° to 1600°C) through the action of an electric potential applied across carbonate or carbonate-silicate melts. In this process, the carbonate-rich melt acts as both the carbon source and the crystallization medium for diamond, which forms in assemblage with mantle minerals near the cathode. Our results clearly demonstrate that electric fields should be considered a key additional factor influencing diamond crystallization, mantle mineral–forming processes, carbon isotope fractionation, and the global carbon cycle.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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