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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ecology of Himalayan Treeline Ecotone (2023)
    Singapore :Springer Nature Singapore :
    Details
    Keywords: Ecology . ; Forestry. ; Ecology. ; Forestry. ; Terrestial Ecology.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Treeline Research in Himalaya: Current Understanding and Future Imperatives -- 2 Capturing Himalayan Timberline Dimensionand Ecological Attributes In Warming Climate Through Team Science -- 3 Temperature lapse rate in different himalayan treeline environments: regional analysis of patterns, seasonality and variability -- 4 Relationship between timberline elevation and climate in sikkim himalaya -- 5 The treeline ecotone in Rolwaling Himal, Nepal: Pattern-process relationshipsand treeline shift potential -- 6 Challenges of timberline mapping in the himalaya: a case study of sikkim himalaya -- 7 Mapping the Spatial Patterns of Biodiversity Along the Alpine Treeline Ecotone in EasternHimalaya Using Information Theory -- 8 Quantifying Variation In Canopy Height From Lidar Data As A Function Of Altitude Along Alpine Treeline Ecotone In Indian Himalaya -- 9 Patterns of Plant Taxonomic, Life-form and Phylogenetic Diversity at a Treeline Ecotone in Northwestern Himalaya: Role of Aspect and Elevation -- 10 Vegetation Structure along an Elevation Gradient at the Treeline Ecotone of Eastern Himalayan forests in Sikkim -- 11 Patterns of Plant Species Richness across the Himalayan Treeline Ecotone -- 12 Lichen Diversity in High Elevations of Western Himalaya with special reference to Treeline Ecotone: Conservation and Indicator Value -- 13 Community-Level Lichen Diversity Assessment In Alpine Zone Of Indian Himalaya: Climate Change Implications -- 14 Lower Plants of Tungnath-Chopta Timberline Zone, Garhwal Himalaya -- 15 Phenological response of treeline ecotone tree species to global warming in Western Himalaya -- 16 Water Relations Of The Indian Himalayan Treeline Species -- 17 Herbaceous Vegetation Structure And Phenology At Treeline Ecotone In Relation To Natural Snowmelt -- 18 Responses Of Herbaceous Species Of Alpine Treeline To Elevated Co2 -- 19 Age-Girth Stand Structure of Himalayan fir and Growth-NDVI relationship in the Treeline transects of western Himalaya: An ecological perspective -- 20 Response Of Radial Growth In Abies Pindrow (Royle Ex D.Don) Royle To Climate At Treeline Ecotone In The Northwestern Himalaya -- 21 Pastoralism in Timberline Forests of Western Himalaya -- 22 Treeline Research In The Nepal Himalaya: Status And Future Prospects. .
    Abstract: This book brings together comprehensive multi-disciplinary knowledge on diverse aspects of the Himalayan treeline ecotone which is considered one of the most sensitive ecosystems to climate change. The contents of this book are based on the results of extensive research and provide a holistic understanding of the treeline ecotone in Himalaya. The book will serve as an important reference manual and a textbook on treeline ecology. The book is unique in the sense that it provides an engaging account of almost all the aspects of the treeline ecotone, such as taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic species diversity, temperature lapse rates, tree phenology, water relations, and stress physiology, tree ring width chronology, and climate relationships and the role of treeline ecotone in human sustenance in the Indian Himalayan region The treelines in the Himalaya, being the highest in the Northern Hemisphere (up to 4900 m), are among the least investigated systems and hence this book is timely and fills all-important knowledge gaps vis-à-vis treeline shifts, physiognomic, structural, and functional changes in mountain landscapes and ecosystems, particularly under the changing climate This book, for the first time, summarizes evidence-based knowledge about various aspects of treeline ecotone in Himalaya that was largely generated through a well-coordinated a team science approach. The book will be of interest to ecologists, climatologists, dendrochronologists, foresters, plant physiologists and resource managers and policy planners for a better understanding of the organization and dynamics of this fragile ecosystem in relation to climate change and other anthropogenic stresses that are rampant in the Himalaya. The book lays a solid foundation for further investigation of the ecology and dynamics of the treeline ecotone in the Himalayas and provides a rationale for pursuing a team science approach for macroecological investigations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXVI, 569 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9789811944765
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4476-5
    DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-4476-5
    DDC: 577
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ecosystem Restoration: Towards Sustainability and Resilient Development (2023)
    Singapore :Springer Nature Singapore :
    Details
    Keywords: Ecology . ; Biodiversity. ; Ecology Methodology. ; Ecology. ; Biodiversity. ; Ecological Modelling.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Ecological restoration: An Overview of Science & Policy Regime -- Chapter 2. Lifestyle for Environment: Life Mission and Synergies with Eco-restoration -- Chapter 3. Optimal Management of Potential Water and Sediment Yield from Urban Hilly Watershed -- Chapter 4. Mainstreaming Peri-Urban Ecosystems for Urban Resilience through Policy-Planning Framework: An Opportunity Analysis for Indian Cities -- Chapter 5. Urban Forest and Ecosystem Services Intercede Urban Habitat in Delhi -- Chapter 6. Restoration and rejuvenation of rivers, streams and wetlands: Challenges and way forward -- Chapter 7. Ecosystem services for Water Management: A review of global approaches and experiences -- Chapter 8. Rejuvenation of Rivers in India-A Case Study on efforts for Rejuvenation of River Ganga -- Chapter 9. Rejuvenation of Kukrail Drain -- Chapter 10. Hydrological modelling using HEC-HMS and estimation of the flood peak by Gumbel’s method of Hasdeo Basin, Chhattisgarh, India -- Chapter 11. Comparing Runoff of NRCS-CN Method and Observed Runoff Data A Case Study -- Chapter 12. Artificial neural network models for rainfall-runoff modeling in India- studies from of Kolar and Kuttiyadi River watersheds -- Chapter 13. Analysis of urbanization and assessment of its impact on ground water & land use land cover using GIS techniques – Case study of Bhopal & Gurugram district -- Chapter 14. Application of Water Accounting Plus Framework for the assessment of the Water consumption pattern and Food security -- Chapter 15. Comparison of Probability Distributions for Extreme Value Analysis and Predicting Monthly Rainfall Pattern using Bayesian Regularized-ANN -- Chapter 16. An Indexing Method for Evaluating Managerial Effectiveness of a Watershed Project and Functional Involvement of Participant Organisations -- Chapter 17. Pathways to build resilience towards the impact of climate change on the Indian Sunderban -- Chapter 18. Eco-restoration for Climate Resilience and Disaster Risk Reduction -- Chapter 19. Ecosystems and Nature - Based Solutions (NbS) for Health Protection and Epidemic Resilience -- Chapter 20. Fresh Water Ecosystem Conservation for Social Protection, Business, and Local Economy.
    Abstract: This edited book offers coverage towards SDG 15 in particular, but it provides for all the SDGs in general. The book is an inclusive comprehension on ecosystem restoration and sustainability including agricultural and ecosystem resilience, the role of biodiversity, climate change and water resources, hydrological modelling, extreme events, disaster risk and management, sustainable policy making on disaster management. The world is facing diverse and severe challenges. Millions of people are suffering from the catastrophic effects of extreme disasters, climate emergencies, water and food insecurity, and the repercussions of COVID-19 pandemic. Ecosystems are essential players in people’s capacity to meet these challenges. Hence, managing them and protecting their resources in sustainable ways is crucial. The book ‘Ecosystem Restoration: Towards Sustainable and Resilient Development’ provides comprehensive information on fundamentals, approaches and latest developments in the field of ecosystem restoration, resilience and sustainability. This book is of interest to teachers, researchers, climate change scientists, and valuable source of reference to the professionals and students in the relevant disciplines. Besides, the book serves as additional reading for graduate students of water, ecology, restoration forestry, soil science, and environmental sciences. National and international ecological policy makers, scientists and planners will also find this to be a useful read.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVIII, 366 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9789819936878
    Series Statement: Disaster Resilience and Green Growth,
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3687-8
    DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-3687-8
    DDC: 577
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Agriculture, Livestock Production and Aquaculture : Advances for Smallholder Farming Systems Volume 1 (2022)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Details
    Keywords: Environment. ; Agriculture. ; Food security. ; Sustainability. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Agriculture. ; Food Security. ; Sustainability.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1. Impact of future climate change on Agriculture, Livestock Production and Aquaculture: Challenges and Policy -- Chapter2. Managing agricultural nitrogen losses in crop production and mitigation of climate change effects -- Chapter3. Critical analysis and evaluation of groundnut value chain for revamping its production for global food security -- Chapter4. Aluminum uptake, callose accumulation and invertase activity in lowland and upland rice genotypes in related to aluminum stress tolerance -- Chapter5. Gender issues in farming — Challenging socially embedded positions in agrarian context -- Chapter6. Characterization and Appraisal of Crop based Farming System for Sustainable Development of Agriculture -- Chapter7. Nitrogen based for farming system -- Chapter8. Resilience for salt tolerance in rice cultivars using various strategies of conventional breeding, molecular breeding and transgenic approaches -- Chapter9. Geoinformation for land suitability modelling for climate smart farming in Africa -- Chapter10. Climate Change Adaptation: Remote Sensing-based Flood Crop Loss Assessment to Support Crop Insurance -- Chapter11. Smallholder Pig value chains development and livelihood security -- Chapter12. Revolutionizing impact of poultry resources in food security and rural economy -- Chapter13. Milk and Milk Product Safety and Quality Assurance for Achieving Better Public Health Outcomes -- Chapter14. Diversification in Aquaculture Resources and Practices for Smallholder Farmers -- Chapter15. Value addition in meat and fish products for human health and nutrition -- Chapter16. Indian Fish as Bioindicators species -- Chapter17. Conclusion. .
    Abstract: This two-volume set discusses recent approaches and technological innovations for sustainable agriculture in smallholder farming systems impacted by climate change. The systems covered include crop-based agricultural production, as well as aquaculture and livestock production as related systems using similar techniques to combat food security issues brought about by climate change and resource overuse. The chapters detail innovations involving crop diversification, soil resilience management, geoinformatics and land suitability monitoring for smart farming, information technology in livestock production, and nutrient resource management in fishery aquaculture. Researchers, practitioners and industries will be able to use this information to implement socially and economically sustainable practices to achieve food security in impoverished areas vulnerable to climate change, while also learning about the rapid evolution in information technology that is applicable for and available to small holder farmers. Volume 1 focuses on current innovations in agricultural and livestock practices in response to climate change. It covers the technological challenges, approaches and mitigation strategies encountered by both scholars and practitioners working in livestock and agricultural production systems impacted by climate change.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIII, 346 p. 69 illus., 57 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030932589
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93258-9
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-93258-9
    DDC: 333.7
    Language: English
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Agriculture, Livestock Production and Aquaculture : Advances for Smallholder Farming Systems Volume 2 (2022)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Details
    Keywords: Environment. ; Agriculture. ; Food security. ; Sustainability. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Agriculture. ; Food Security. ; Sustainability.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1. Drone Technology in Sustainable Agriculture: The future of farming is precision agriculture and mapping -- Chapter2. Revolutionizing Crops and Soil Resources’ Resilience to Climate Change. A case for Best-fit Agronomic Practices in Low and High Input Systems -- Chapter3. Drought-resilient climate smart sorghum varieties for food and industrial use in marginal frontier areas of Kenya -- Chapter4. Optimizing nitrogen management for improved productivity, nitrogen use efficiency, food and nutrition security: African context perspectives -- Chapter5. Soil carbon pools under different farming practices -- Chapter6. Effect of conservation agriculture on energy consumption and carbon emission -- Chapter7. Plant Molecular Farming: A Marvelous Biotechnological Approach in Agricultural Production -- Chapter8. Examining the outcome of coupling machine learning with dual Polarimetric SAR for rice growth mapping -- Chapter9. Mapping prominent cash crops employing ALOS PALSAR-2 and selected machine learners -- Chapter10. Crop assessment and decision support information products using multi-sensor and multi-temporal moderate resolution data -- Chapter11. Agriculture, Livestock Production and Aquaculture: Advances for Smallholder Farming System -- Chapter12. Mobilizing Pig Resources for Capacity Development and Livelihood Security -- Chapter13. Agricultural Value Chains: A Cardinal Pillar for Future Development and Management of Farming -- Chapter14. Climate Smart Eco-management of Water and Soil Quality as a Tool for Fish Productivity Enhancement -- Chapter15. Advances in nutrient resource management for fisheries and aquaculture -- Chapter16. Conclusion.
    Abstract: This two-volume set discusses recent approaches and technological innovations for sustainable agriculture in smallholder farming systems impacted by climate change. The systems covered include crop-based agricultural production, as well as aquaculture and livestock production as related systems using similar techniques to combat food security issues brought about by climate change and resource overuse. The chapters detail innovations involving crop diversification, soil resilience management, geoinformatics and land suitability monitoring for smart farming, information technology in livestock production, and nutrient resource management in fishery aquaculture. Researchers, practitioners and industries will be able to use this information to implement socially and economically sustainable practices to achieve food security in impoverished areas vulnerable to climate change, while also learning about the rapid evolution in information technology that is applicable for and available to small holder farmers. Volume 2 focuses on trends and technologies in food security within the context of sustainable practices, drone technology, microwave data, molecular farming, machine learning, agricultural economics, spatial modeling and agricultural policy. These chapters discuss advancements in fishery resource and aquaculture practices, and also the challenges facing these areas due to climate change. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XV, 321 p. 79 illus., 70 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030932626
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93262-6
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-93262-6
    DDC: 333.7
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    Introducing ‘Anthropocene Science’: A New International Journal for Addressing Human Impact on the Resilience of Planet Earth [Editorial] (2022)
    In:  Anthropocene Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-16
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 6
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    India consists of multiple food systems with socioeconomic and environmental variations (2022)
    In:  PloS ONE
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-11-10
    Description: Agriculture in India accounts for 18% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and uses significant land and water. Various socioeconomic factors and food subsidies influence diets in India. Indian food systems face the challenge of sustainably nourishing the 1.3 billion population. However, existing studies focus on a few food system components, and holistic analysis is still missing. We identify Indian food systems covering six food system components: food consumption, production, processing, policy, environmental footprints, and socioeconomic factors from the latest Indian household consumer expenditure survey. We identify 10 Indian food systems using k-means cluster analysis on 15 food system indicators belonging to the six components. Based on the major source of calorie intake, we classify the ten food systems into production-based (3), subsidy-based (3), and market-based (4) food systems. Home-produced and subsidized food contribute up to 2000 kcal/consumer unit (CU)/day and 1651 kcal/CU/day, respectively, in these food systems. The calorie intake of 2158 to 3530 kcal/CU/day in the food systems reveals issues of malnutrition in India. Environmental footprints are commensurate with calorie intake in the food systems. Embodied GHG, land footprint, and water footprint estimates range from 1.30 to 2.19 kg CO2eq/CU/day, 3.89 to 6.04 m2/CU/day, and 2.02 to 3.16 m3/CU/day, respectively. Our study provides a holistic understanding of Indian food systems for targeted nutritional interventions on household malnutrition in India while also protecting planetary health.
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    Socio-metabolic risk and tipping points on islands (2022)
    In:  Environmental Research Letters
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-07-18
    Description: Small Island Developing States (SIDS) face enormous sustainability challenges such as heavy reliance on imports to meet basic needs, tenuous resource availability, coastal squeeze, and reduced waste absorption capacity. At the same time, the adverse effects of global environmental change such as global warming, extreme events, and outbreaks of pandemics significantly hinder SIDS's progress towards sustainable development. This paper makes a conceptual contribution by framing the vulnerability of small islands from the perspective of socio-metabolic risk (SMR). SMR is defined as systemic risk associated with the availability of critical resources, the integrity of material circulation, and the (in)equitable distribution of derived products and societal services in a socio-ecological system. We argue that specific configurations and combinations of material stocks and flows on islands and their 'resistance to change' contribute to the system's proliferation of SMR. For better or for worse, these influence the system's ability to consistently and effectively deliver societal services necessary for survival. By positioning SMR as a subset of systemic risk, the paper illustrates SMRs and tipping points on small islands using insights from three sectors: water, waste, and infrastructure. We also identify effective leverage points and adaptation strategies for building system resilience on small islands. In conclusion, our synthesis suggests that governing SMR on SIDS would mean governing socio-metabolic flows to avoid potential disruptions in the circulation of critical resources and the maintenance of vital infrastructures and services while inducing interventions towards positive social tipping dynamics. Such interventions will need strategies to reconfigure resource-use patterns and associated services that are sustainable and socially equitable.
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    Size of Popocatepetl Volcano explosions (1997–2001) from waveform inversion (2001)
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: Several volcanic explosions have been recorded since April 1997 at broadband seismic stations located around the Popocatepetl volcano, Mexico. We have inverted waveforms of ten of these explosions to estimate the following source parameters: depth, duration, magnitude and direction of the single force, F. The crustal structure used in generating Green's function at nearest stations is derived from the inversion of teleseismic receiver functions at the broadband permanent station PPIG, located 5 km north of the volcano. This inversion reveals a low velocity zone at ∼8 km beneath the summit with high Poisson ratio, possibly related to the magma chamber. We find that F scales with τ, the duration of the source‐time function, as F ∝ tau². Based on this relationship we determine an impulse magnitude scale, Mk . This magnitude is tied to the Mount Saint Helens initial explosive phase of May 18, 1980, whose magnitude is estimated as 4.6. Mk of the ten Popocatepetl explosions ranges between 1.8 and 3.2. Finally, we also propose an equivalent formula for rapid estimation of magnitude of future Popocatepetl explosions, which requires filtered amplitudes at PPIG.
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    Automated estimation of englacial radar velocity from zero offset data; implications for glacier bed topography retrieval. (2020)
    In:  Abstracts
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    Publication Date: 2020-11-18
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    Reanalysis of polythermal glacier thermal structure using radar diffraction focussing (2022)
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-09
    Description: Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) is widely used on polythermal glaciers to image bed topography and detect internal scatter due to water inclusions in temperate ice. The glaciological importance of this is two-fold: bed topography is a primary component for modelling the long-term evolution of glaciers and ice sheets, and the presence of temperate ice and associated englacial water significantly reduces overall ice viscosity. Englacial water has a direct influence on radar velocity, which can result in incorrect observations of bed topography due to errors in depth conversion. Assessment of radar velocities often requires multi-offset surveys, yet these are logistically challenging and time consuming to acquire, hence techniques to extract velocity from common-offset data are required. We calculate englacial radar velocity from common offset GPR data collected on Von Postbreen, a polythermal glacier in Svalbard. We first separate and enhance the diffracted wavefield by systematically assessing data coherence. We then use the focusing metric of negative entropy to deduce a migration velocity field and produce a velocity model which varies spatially across the glacier. We show that this velocity field successfully differentiates between areas of cold and temperate ice and can detect lateral variations in radar velocity close to the glacier bed. This velocity field results in consistently lower ice depths relative to those derived from a commonly assumed constant velocity, with an average difference of 4.9 ± 2.5% of local ice depth. This indicates that diffraction focusing and velocity estimation are crucial in retrieving correct bed topography in the presence of temperate ice.
    Language: English
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