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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Performance of a model for a local neuron population (1978)
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 31 (1978), S. 15-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A model of a local neuron population is considered that contains three subsets of neurons, one main excitatory subset, an auxiliary excitatory subset and an inhibitory subset. They are connected in one positive and one negative feedback loop, each containing linear dynamic and nonlinear static elements. The network also allows for a positive linear feedback loop. The behaviour of this network is studied for sinusoidal and white noise inputs. First steady state conditions are investigated and with this as starting point the linearized network is defined and conditions for stability is discovered. With white noise as input the stable network produces rhythmic activity whose spectral properties are investigated for various input levels. With a mean input of a certain level the network becomes unstable and the characteristics of these limit cycles are investigated in terms of occurence and amplitude. An electronic model has been built to study more closely the waveforms under both stable and unstable conditions. It is shown to produce signals that resemble EEG background activity and certain types of paroxysmal activity, in particular spikes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00337367
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Model of brain rhythmic activity (1974)
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 15 (1974), S. 27-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract 1. A model of a neuronal network has been set up in a digital computer based on histological and biophysical data experimentally obtained from the thalamus; the model includes two populations of neurons interconnected by means of negative feedback; in the model allowance is also made for other sort of interactions. 2. To test the hypothesis that the alpha-rhythm (8–13 Hz rhythmic activity characteristic of the EEG) is a filtered noise signal the simulated neuronal network was stimulated by random trains of pulses with a Poisson distribution. The density of pulses fired by the simulated neurons was computed as well as the oscillations of the mean membrane potential of the population of simulated neurons. The latter was found to be equivalent to the experimentally obtained alpha rhythms. 3. In order to test the hypothesis that several noise sources are responsible for thalamo-cortical coherences three simulated neuronal networks were coupled together using several noise sources as secondary inputs. It was shown that although all the networks produced simulated alpha signals with identical spectra they could have significantly different values of coherence depending on the relation between correlated and uncorrelated input signals. 4. The model was analysed by means of linear systems analysis after introducing the necessary simplifications and approximations. In this way it was possible to evaluate the influence of different physiological or histological parameters upon the statistical properties of the resulting rhythmic activity in an analytical form. 5. By changing the model parameters it was shown that a family of spectral curves could be obtained which simulated the development of the EEG as function of age from a predominantly low frequency to a clearly rhythmic type of signal. This was shown to depend mainly on the feedback coupling parameters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00270757
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
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    Model of brain rhythmic activity (1974)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1974-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0340-1200
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0770
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Published by Springer
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 4
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    Performance of a model for a local neuron population (1978)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0340-1200
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0770
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Published by Springer
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 5
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    Climate impact from peat utilisation in Sweden (2004)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-01-01
    Print ISSN: 1381-2386
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-1596
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Published by Springer
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  • 6
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    How to avoid history repeating itself: the case for an EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) price floor revisited (2020)
    In:  Climate Policy
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: Several years of very low allowance prices in the EU emissions trading scheme (ETS) have motivated calls to introduce a price floor to correct potential underlying distortions and design flaws, including (i) the political nature of allowance supply and related credibility issues, (ii) potential myopia of market participants and firms, and (iii) waterbed and rebound effects resulting from policy interactions. In the wake of the recent EU ETS reform, allowance prices have sharply increased. This raises the question of whether the case for introducing a price floor in the EU ETS remains valid. We argue that such a price floor, also adopted in several other greenhouse gas cap-and-trade systems worldwide, remains an important improvement in the design of the system, as long as the above-mentioned distortions and design flaws persist. An EU ETS price floor can safeguard against these issues and provides more explicit guidance on the minimum allowance price policymakers consider acceptable. Either as a complement or substitute to the current Market Stability Reserve (MSR), a price floor would thus make the EU ETS less prone to future revision in case of unexpectedly low prices. We identify and confront four prominent arguments against the introduction of an EU ETS price floor.
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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