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  • 1
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Abscisic acid (ABA) is a vital phytohormone that regulates mainly stomatal aperture and seed development, but ABA receptors involved in these processes have yet to be determined. We previously identified from broad bean an ABA-binding protein (ABAR) potentially involved in stomatal signalling, the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 118 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Fruit development is a process involving various signals and gene expression. Protein phosphorylation catalysed by protein kinases is known to play a key role in eukaryotic cell signalling and so may be involved in the regulation of fruit development. Using the method of exogenous substrate phosphorylation, the activity of calcium-dependent and calmodulin-independent protein kinase (CDPK) that was stimulated by phosphatidylserine, and the myelin basic protein (MBP)-phosphorylating activity that could be due to a calcium-independent mitogen-activated protein kinase-like (MAPK-like) activity in the developing apple fruits were identified. The CDPK activity was shown to be predominantly localized in the plasma membrane, whereas in the presence of phosphatidylserine, the high activity of CDPK was detected in both plasma membrane and endomembranes. The MAPK-like activity was predominantly associated with endomembranes. The assays of bivalent cation requirement showed that Mn2+ could replace Mg2+ in the incubation system for the protein kinase activities and stimulate CDPK activity more than Mg2+. Heat treatment abolished CDPK but stimulated MAPK-like activity. The activities of the phosphatidylserine-stimulated CDPK and of the MAPK-like were fruit developmental stage-specific with higher activities of both enzymes in the early and middle developmental stages in comparison with the late developmental stage. These data suggest that the detected protein kinases may play an important role in the fruit development.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Earth, moon and planets 49 (1990), S. 247-252 
    ISSN: 1573-0794
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The oscillating peak model of basin and crater formation proposed by Murray is analysed mathematically. The results could be compared with some basins in order to confirm the basic ideas of this model.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Earth, moon and planets 49 (1990), S. 253-258 
    ISSN: 1573-0794
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract By use of the theory of shallow water waves generated by an impulsive pressure, the tsunami theory of the origin of multi-ring basins is rediscussed and an approximate formula used for calculating the ring location is derived. From the computed ring spacing of three multi-ring basins on the Moon (Orientale, Moscoviense and Serenitatis South), it is shown that the tsunami model can only be applied to the area within the IV ring which signifies the rim of the excavated basin and the end of the fluidized region. In the frame of the tsunami model, no explanation for ring spacing is plausible for exterior rings as well as interior ones.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied mathematics and mechanics 11 (1990), S. 901-912 
    ISSN: 1573-2754
    Keywords: galactic density wave ; spiral structure ; nonlinear stellar response
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The nonlinear stellar response to the growing spiral gravitational disturbance is calculated. The result shows that this nonlinear response leads to the increase of Q, and the decrease of the growth rate. This self-regulation mechanism is an important reason for the growing spiral mode to reach a quasi-stationary state eventually.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied mathematics and mechanics 3 (1982), S. 845-851 
    ISSN: 1573-2754
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The whole paper consists of two parts (Part I and Part II). In part I, we shall analyze the relation between the two theories of turbulence involving large Reynolds number: the Markov process theory from the Lagrangian point of view and Kolmogoroff's theory from the Eulerian point of view. It will be pointed out that the Reynolds number needed for the Markovian description of turbulence should be as large as that needed for Kolmogoroff's second hypothesis, that the eddies of the period of order T1 (the self-correlation time scale of the random velocity u) and the eddies of the period of order T1 (the self-correlation time scale of the random force f) correspond to the energy-containing eddies and the eddies in the dissipation range respectively, and that T*⩽t≪β−1, the time interval for the applicability of Richardson's law during twoparticle's dispersion, corresponds to the inertial subrange in Kolmogoroff's theory. Thus, these two theories reflect the property of the turbulence involving very large Reynolds number arguing from different aspects. In Part II, by using physical analysis in Part I, we shall establish in a certain way the quantitative relation between these two theories. In terms of this relation and the results of the study of two-particle's dispersion motion, we shall obtain the structure functions, the correlation functions and the energy spectrum, which are appliciable not only to the inertial subrange, but also to the whole range with the wave number less than that in the inertial subrange. Kolmogoroff's “2/3 law” and ”−5/3 law” are the asymptotic solutions with respect to the present result in the inertial subrange. Thus, the present result is an extension of Kolmogoroff's laws.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied mathematics and mechanics 4 (1983), S. 191-204 
    ISSN: 1573-2754
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract By using the physical analysis described in Paper I (Part I of this paper), we shall establish, in a certain way, the quantitative relation between the Markov process theory of two particle dispersion in a turbulence of very large Reynolds number and the Kolmogoroff's theory. In terms of this relation and the results of two-particle dispersion, we shall obtain the structure functions, the correlation functions and the energy spectrum, which are applicable not only to the inertial subrange, but also to the whole range of the wave number less than that in the inertial subrange. The Kolmogoroff's “2/3 law” and “−5/3 Law” are the asymptotic cases of the present result for large k. Thus, the present resuit is an extension of Kolmogoroff's laws.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied mathematics and mechanics 5 (1984), S. 1163-1172 
    ISSN: 1573-2754
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Based on the geographic approximation the two-dimensional dynamical structure of the wind fields of Jupiter's Great Red Spot and White Oval BC is obtained. The results of calculation are in good agreement with the observations. Thus, an explanation of the observed dispersion of the velocities along the horizontal streamline is given. The major physical mechanism of this dispersion is as follwos: The distance between two adjacent elliptical streamlines varies along the elliptical streamline, leading to the variance of the normal pressure gradient. Thus, the horizontal velocity Vt has to vary correspondingly so that the Coriolis force can approximately balance the normal pressure gradient Another less important factor, i. e., the change of the Coriolis force parameter with the latitude, is also taken into account. The distributions of the vorticities of GRS and White Oval BC are also calculated.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied mathematics and mechanics 6 (1985), S. 193-211 
    ISSN: 1573-2754
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The detailed analysis of the dynamical process of coin tossing is made. Through calculations, it is illustrated how and why the result is extremely sensitive to the initial conditions. It is also shown that, as the initial height of the mass center of the coin increases, the final configuration, i.e. “head” or “tail”, becomes more and more sensitive to the initial parameters (the initial velocity angular velocity, and the initial orientation), the coefficient of the air drag, and the energy absorption factor of the surface on which the coin bounces. If we keep the “head” upward initially but allow a small range for the change of some other initial parameters, the frequency that the final configuration is “head”, would be 1 if the initial height h of the mass center is sufficiently small, and would be clo to 1/2 if h is sufficiently large. An interesting question is how this frequency changes continuously from 1 to 1/2 as h increases. Detailed calculations show that such a “transition” is very similar to the transition from laminar to turbulent flows. A basic difference between the “transition stage” and the “completely random stage” is indicated: In the “completely random stage”, the deterministic process of the individual case is extremely sensitive to the initial conditions and the dynamical parameters, out the statistical properties of the ensemble are insensitive to the small changes of the initial conditions and the dynamical parameters. On the contrary, in the “transition stage”, both the deterministic process of the individual case and the statistical properties of the ensemble are sensitive to the initial conditions and the dynamical parameters. The mechanism for this feature of the “transition stage” is the existence of the “long-train structure” in the parameter space. The illuminations of this analysis on some other random phenomena are discussed.
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-07-01
    Description: DNA replication forks in eukaryotic cells stall at a variety of replication barriers. Stalling forks require strict cellular regulations to prevent fork collapse. However, the mechanism underlying these cellular regulations is poorly understood. In this study, a cellular mechanism was uncovered that regulates chromatin structures to stabilize stalling forks. When replication forks stall, H2BK33, a newly identified acetylation site, is deacetylated and H3K9 trimethylated in the nucleosomes surrounding stalling forks, which results in chromatin compaction around forks. Acetylation-mimic H2BK33Q and its deacetylase clr6-1 mutations compromise this fork stalling-induced chromatin compaction, cause physical separation of replicative helicase and DNA polymerases, and significantly increase the frequency of stalling fork collapse. Furthermore, this fork stalling-induced H2BK33 deacetylation is independent of checkpoint. In summary, these results suggest that eukaryotic cells have developed a cellular mechanism that stabilizes stalling forks by targeting nucleosomes and inducing chromatin compaction around stalling forks. This mechanism is named the “Chromsfork” control: Chromatin Compaction Stabilizes Stalling Replication Forks.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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