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  • 1
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This research is aimed at the development and characterization of a novel bioceramic coatingon the surface of pure titanium. Nano-TiO2/HA composite bioceramic coating was designed anddeveloped on the surfaces of pure titanium discs by sol-gel route. The TiO2 anatase bioceramic coatingwas employed as the inner layer, which could adhere tightly to the titanium substrate. The porous HAbioceramic coating was employed as the outer layer, which has higher solubility and better short termbioactivity. Conventional HA coatings and commercially pure titanium (cpTi) were taken as control.XRD and SEM were employed to characterize the crystallization, surface morphology and thickness ofthe coatings. The bioactivities of the coatings were evaluated by the in vitro osteoblasts culture. Resultsshow the nano-TiO2/HA composite bioceramic coating has good crystallization and homogeneous,nano-scale surface morphology. And it adheres tightly to the substrate. The in vitro osteoblasts cultureexhibits satisfactory bioactivity
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 194 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The establishment of the intestinal microflora, and probiotic bacteria, may control the inflammatory conditions in the gut. As polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) possess antimicrobial activities, they may deter the action of probiotics. We assessed whether free linoleic, γ-linolenic, arachidonic, α-linolenic and docosahexaenoic acids at physiological concentrations in the growth media would influence the growth and adhesion of Lactobacillus GG (probiotic), Lactobacillus casei Shirota (probiotic) and Lactobacillus bulgaricus (dairy strain). Higher concentrations of PUFA (10–40 μg PUFA ml−1) inhibited growth and mucus adhesion of all tested bacterial strains, whilst growth and mucus adhesion of L. casei Shirota was promoted by low concentrations of γ-linolenic acid and arachidonic acid (at 5 μg ml−1), respectively. PUFA also altered bacterial adhesion sites on Caco-2 cells. Caco-2 cells grown in the presence of arachidonic acid were less adhered to by all three bacterial strains. Yet, L. casei Shirota adhered better on Caco-2 cells grown in the presence of α-linolenic acid. As the adhesion to mucosal surfaces is pivotal in health promoting effects by probiotics, our results indicate that the action of probiotics in the gut may be modulated by dietary PUFA.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 31 (1989), S. 298-301 
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary A method of supplying CO2 to photosynthetic algal cultures by diffusion through a gas-permeable membrane was developed. The diffusion of CO2 across a silicone membrane could be described by Fick's Laws of Diffusion, with a permeability constant of 1.92x10-7 m2/min. By the manipulation of tubing dimensions and the partial pressure or static pressure of CO2 gas within the tubing, the rate of CO2 supply could be controlled. Pure CO2 was applied to the cultivation of Chlorella pyrenoidosa with 100% utilization and without the side effect of CO2 inhibition.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 24 (1982), S. 507-509 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No abstract.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 40 (1992), S. 1119-1122 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: growth irradiance ; specific growth rate ; output rate ; Chlorella pyrenoidosa ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: At quasi-steady-state outdoor cyclic fed batch cultures of Chlorella pyrenoidosa, the growth irradiance incidented on the tubular photobioreactor increased about fivefold between 9:00 a.m. and noon. Overheating of the cultures was observed, resulting in decreasing biomass output rate when culture temperature went above 40°C. In cultures with temperature control, the quasi-steady-state output rate of all cultures increased throughout the day and leveled off in the late afternoon in high-density cultures. The daily area output rate was proportional to the density of the cultures. The specific growth rate of the light-limited cultures increased only marginally (20%) in the morning. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 45 (1995), S. 18-26 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: hybridoma ; cell death ; chemostat ; autoinhibitor ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In the present study, the steady-state cell density (X) of chemostat cultures of murine hybridoma was varied by the concentration of glucose and glutamine in culture medium and the dissolved oxygen partial pressure. Except at low glutamine and low oxygen levels, the specific death rate (kd) of the cultures was found to decrease with increasing dilution rate (D). However, the plot of kd vs. X/D yielded linear relation, which suggests that cell death was due to a non-growth-linked inhibitory product of the cells. The kd value measured at low glutamine and low oxygen levels remained practically unchanged over a wide range of D between 0.020 and 0.029 h-1. The kd for low oxygen cultures was always lower than the values obtained in low glucose and low glutamine cultures. A low-molecular-weight component of possibly less than 3000 MW was detected to be cell-death-inducing in the supernatant of exponentially growing cultures. It was neither lactate nor ammonium. The autoinhibitor was not cell-line specific. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 41 (1993), S. 1003-1006 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chlorella pyrenoidosa ; biomass output ; bioenergetics growth yield ; unstable weather ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In the outdoor cyclic fed batch cultures of Chlorella pyrenoidosa, some typical growth kinetics patterns in unstable weather conditions were observed. On cloudy days, the biomass output rate (R) was low, but the bioenergetic growth yield (Y) was generally high. In the cloudy morning-sunny afternoon condition, the values of Y were low, especially in the afternoon. In the sunny morning-cloudy afternoon condition, both R and Y were high. A few very high short-term Y values were measured during the cloudy the cloudy afternoon. © 1993 Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 27 (1985), S. 555-561 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Two photosynthetic algal cultures, one Chlorella vulgaris, and the other a Chlorogonium sp., were cultured under light limitations in chemostats. The effects of growth temperature on their energy yield and maintenance energy requirement were studied. It was observed that a lowering in temperature resulted in a lower maximum growth yield from the light energy, YG. This was attributed to two reasons. First, at low temperatures there was a change in the algal cell composition with more energy being expended to synthesize a higher biomass protein content. Secondly, at low temperatures, a cyanide-resistant respiratory pathway became operative which led to a decrease in the number of ATP being generated. The maintenance energy coefficient was a function of temperature increasing with decreasing temperature. This might reflect energy wastage by the cell at low temperatures. The maximum specific growth rate dropped with decreasing temperature, and can be described by an Arrhenius type rate-temperature model up to the optimal temperature for growth; i.e., activation energy remained constant.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 8 (1996), S. 163-169 
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: mixotrophic ; photosynthetic ; Chlorella ; outdoor culture ; enclosed photoreactor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Chlorella sorokiniana was cultured in heterotrophic or mixotrophic mode in outdoor enclosed tubular photobioreactor. The culture temperature was maintained at 32–35 °C. At night, theChlorella culture grew heterotrophically, and 0.1 M glucose was completely consumed. The biomass growth yield of glucose was 0.35 ± 0.001 g-biomass g-glucose−1. During the day, the algal culture grew mixotrophically and the biomass growth yield was 0.49 g-biomass g-glucose−1 in low density culture (initial biomass concentration, Xo = 2 g l−1), 0.56 g-biomass g-glucose−1 in medium density culture (Xo = 4 g l−1) and 0.46 g-biomass g-glucose−1 in high density culture (Xo = 7 g l−1). The daily area productivity of the culture, with Xo = 4 g l−1 corresponded to 127 g-biomass m−2 d−1 during the day and 79 g-biomass m−2 d−1 during the night. In all the cultures, the dissolved O2 concentration increased in the morning, reached the maximum value at noon, and then decreased in the afternoon. The dissolved CO2 concentration remained at 3 mBar in the morning and increased in the afternoon. Glycolate was not found to accumulate in culture medium.
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