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  • 1
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    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Appelhans, Yasmin S; Thomsen, Jörn; Opitz, Stephan; Pansch, Christian; Melzner, Frank; Wahl, Martin (2014): Juvenile sea stars exposed to acidification decrease feeding and growth with no acclimation potential. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 509, 227-239, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps10884
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Precise measurements were conducted in continuous flow seawater mesocosms located in full sunlight that compared metabolic response of coral, coral-macroalgae and macroalgae systems over a diurnal cycle. Irradiance controlled net photosynthesis (Pnet), which in turn drove net calcification (Gnet), and altered pH. Pnet exerted the dominant control on [CO3]2- and aragonite saturation state (Omega arag) over the diel cycle. Dark calcification rate decreased after sunset, reaching zero near midnight followed by an increasing rate that peaked at 03:00 h. Changes in Omega arag and pH lagged behind Gnet throughout the daily cycle by two or more hours. The flux rate Pnet was the primary driver of calcification. Daytime coral metabolism rapidly removes dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) from the bulk seawater and photosynthesis provides the energy that drives Gnet while increasing the bulk water pH. These relationships result in a correlation between Gnet and Omega arag, with Omega arag as the dependent variable. High rates of H+ efflux continued for several hours following mid-day peak Gnet suggesting that corals have difficulty in shedding waste protons as described by the Proton Flux Hypothesis. DIC flux (uptake) followed Pnet and Gnet and dropped off rapidly following peak Pnet and peak Gnet indicating that corals can cope more effectively with the problem of limited DIC supply compared to the problem of eliminating H+. Over a 24 h period the plot of total alkalinity (AT) versus DIC as well as the plot of Gnet versus Omega arag revealed a circular hysteresis pattern over the diel cycle in the coral and coral-algae mesocosms, but not the macroalgae mesocosm. Presence of macroalgae did not change Gnet of the corals, but altered the relationship between Omega arag and Gnet. Predictive models of how future global changes will effect coral growth that are based on oceanic Omega arag must include the influence of future localized Pnet on Gnet and changes in rate of reef carbonate dissolution. The correlation between Omega arag and Gnet over the diel cycle is simply the response of the CO2-carbonate system to increased pH as photosynthesis shifts the equilibria and increases the [CO3]2- relative to the other DIC components of [HCO3]- and [CO2]. Therefore Omega arag closely tracked pH as an effect of changes in Pnet, which also drove changes in Gnet. Measurements of DIC flux and H+ flux are far more useful than concentrations in describing coral metabolism dynamics. Coral reefs are systems that exist in constant disequilibrium with the water column.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Asterias rubens; Baltic Sea; Behaviour; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Confidence interval; Coulometric titration; Echinodermata; Energy, work, quantity of heat; Experiment; Figure; Food consumption; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Incubation duration; Individuals; Laboratory experiment; Mass; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; pH, standard deviation; Potentiometric; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Scope for growth; Single species; Size; Species; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4353 data points
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  • 2
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Pansch, Christian; Nasrolahi, Ali; Appelhans, Yasmin S; Wahl, Martin (2012): Tolerance of juvenile barnacles (Amphibalanus improvisus) to warming and elevated pCO2. Marine Biology, 160(8), 2023-2035, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-012-2069-4
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: We investigated the impacts of warming and elevated pCO2 on newly settled Amphibalanus improvisus from Kiel Fjord, an estuarine ecosystem characterized by significant natural pCO2 variability. In two experiments, juvenile barnacles were maintained at two temperature and three pCO2 levels (20/24°C, 700-2.140 µatm) for 8 weeks in a batch culture and at four pCO2 levels (20°C, 620-2.870 µatm) for 12 weeks in a water flow-through system. Warming as well as elevated pCO2 hardly affected growth or the condition index of barnacles, although some factor combinations led to temporal significances in enhanced or reduced growth with an increase in pCO2. While warming increased the shell strength of A. improvisus individuals, elevated pCO2 had only weak effects. We demonstrate a strong tolerance of juvenile A. improvisus to mean acidification levels of about 1,000 µatm pCO2 as is already naturally experienced by the investigated barnacle population.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Amphibalanus improvisus; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Arthropoda; Ash free dry mass; Ash mass; Baltic Sea; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; BIOACID; Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Calculated; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Condition index; Diameter; Dry mass; Figure; Force; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Incubation duration; Laboratory experiment; Number; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Organic matter; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; pH, standard deviation; Ratio; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Single species; Species; Temperate; Temperature; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Treatment; Wet mass
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 23856 data points
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  • 3
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Pansch, Christian; Nasrolahi, Ali; Appelhans, Yasmin S; Wahl, Martin (2012): Impacts of ocean warming and acidification on the larval development of the barnacle Amphibalanus improvisus. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 420-421, 48-55, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2012.03.023
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: The world's oceans are warming and becoming more acidic. Both stressors, singly or in combination, impact marine species, and ensuing effects might be particularly serious for early life stages. To date most studies have focused on ocean acidification (OA) effects in fully marine environments, while little attention has been devoted to more variable coastal ecosystems, such as the Western Baltic Sea. Since natural spatial and temporal variability of environmental conditions such as salinity, temperature or pCO2 impose more complex stresses upon organisms inhabiting these habitats, species can be expected to be more tolerant to OA (or warming) than fully marine taxa. We present data on the variability of salinity, temperature and pH within the Kiel Fjord and on the responses of the barnacle Amphibalanus improvisus from this habitat to simulated warming and OA during its early development. Nauplii and cyprids were exposed to different temperature (12, 20 and 27°C) and pCO2 (nominally 400, 1250 and 3250 µatm) treatments for 8 and 4 weeks, respectively. Survival, larval duration and settlement success were monitored. Warming affected larval responses more strongly than OA. Increased temperatures favored survival and development of nauplii but decreased survival of cyprids. OA had no effect upon survival of nauplii but enhanced their development at low (12°C) and high (27°C) temperatures. In contrast, at the intermediate temperature (20°C), nauplii were not affected even by 3250 µatm pCO2. None of the treatments significantly affected settlement success of cyprids. These experiments show a remarkable tolerance of A. improvisus larvae to 1250 µatm pCO2, the level of OA predicted for the end of the century.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Amphibalanus improvisus; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Arthropoda; Baltic Sea; Bicarbonate ion; BIOACID; Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Day of experiment; Duration, number of days; Figure; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Laboratory experiment; Mortality/Survival; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; pH, standard deviation; Proportion; Reproduction; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Settlement; Single species; Species; Survival; Temperate; Temperature; Temperature, standard deviation; Temperature, water; Treatment; Zooplankton
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 60140 data points
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1520-4804
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Scientia Horticulturae 25 (1985), S. 111-116 
    ISSN: 0304-4238
    Keywords: Phaseolus aureus Roxb ; auxin ; boron ; indoleacetic acid ; indolebutyric acid ; mung beans ; response surfaces
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 64 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA, 10−4M), spermine (7 × 10−5M) and vitamin D2 (6.3 × 10−5M), all of which enhance rooting in mung bean cuttings (Phaseolus aureus Roxb. cv. Berkin), influence RNA metabolism. Total and poly (A)+-RNA synthesis within the hypocotyl is inhibited by each of these chemicals within 24 h. These changes precede induced cell division and are therefore associated with the so-called inductive period of regeneration during which some cells in the hypocotyl undergo dedifferentiation. However, following subsequent transfer of cuttings to borate, which is an essential prerequisite for development of root primordia in these cuttings, RNA synthesis is enhanced by pretreatments with IBA, spermine or vitamin D2. Furthermore, IBA inhibits synthesis and turnover of protein within the hypocotyl.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 255 (1977), S. 252-260 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Arbeit bringt eine thermodynamische Studie der Adsorption von N2 and CO2 an verschiedenen Graphitpräparaten. Grundlage der Betrachtung ist der „Filmdruckπ” als Funktion der Temperatur und des Druckes. Die Bestimmung der spezifischen Oberfläche des Adsorbens wird beeinflußt durch die graphische Behandlung der Langmuirschen Adsorptionsgleichung. Es wurden Literaturwerte adoptiert undπ-Werte nach der Gibbsschen Adsorptionsgleichung berechnet. Die abgeleiteten Ergebnisse werden diskutiert und π zur Natur des Adsorbens, zur Größenordnung der berechneten thermodynamischen Funktionen und zur spezifischen Oberfläche der einzelnen Adsorbentien in Beziehung gesetzt.
    Notes: Summary A quantitative treatment, coupled with critical qualitative considerations, pertaining to the study of thermodynamics of adsorption of N2 and CO2 on different graphite samples, through the evaluation of the ‘film pressure’,π as a function of temperature and pressure, is presented. The . determination of the adsorbent specific surface areas is affected through the graphic manipulation of the Langmuir adsorption equation utilizing data adopted from literature, and theπ values are then computed by employing the Gibbs adsorption equation by making use of the areas under them-lnP curves. The results deduced are discussed specifically in terms of π as related to the nature of the adsorbents, the magnitude of the calculated thermodynamic functions and the specific surface areas for the individual adsorbents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 55 (1995), S. 1827-1835 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Electrical properties of cellophane and polypyrrole [cello + PPy] composite films were investigated by the two-probe method. The electrical conduction of composite films was studied as a function of voltage, temperature, and percentage content of PPy in the composite films. An attempt was made to use the [cello + PPy] composite films as electrodes in rechargeable batteries. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
  • 10
    Publication Date: 2013-08-01
    Print ISSN: 1070-664X
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7674
    Topics: Physics
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