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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2014-04-18
    Description: Newly synthesized membrane proteins must be accurately inserted into the membrane, folded and assembled for proper functioning. The protein YidC inserts its substrates into the membrane, thereby facilitating membrane protein assembly in bacteria; the homologous proteins Oxa1 and Alb3 have the same function in mitochondria and chloroplasts, respectively. In the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane, YidC functions as an independent insertase and a membrane chaperone in cooperation with the translocon SecYEG. Here we present the crystal structure of YidC from Bacillus halodurans, at 2.4 A resolution. The structure reveals a novel fold, in which five conserved transmembrane helices form a positively charged hydrophilic groove that is open towards both the lipid bilayer and the cytoplasm but closed on the extracellular side. Structure-based in vivo analyses reveal that a conserved arginine residue in the groove is important for the insertion of membrane proteins by YidC. We propose an insertion mechanism for single-spanning membrane proteins, in which the hydrophilic environment generated by the groove recruits the extracellular regions of substrates into the low-dielectric environment of the membrane.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kumazaki, Kaoru -- Chiba, Shinobu -- Takemoto, Mizuki -- Furukawa, Arata -- Nishiyama, Ken-ichi -- Sugano, Yasunori -- Mori, Takaharu -- Dohmae, Naoshi -- Hirata, Kunio -- Nakada-Nakura, Yoshiko -- Maturana, Andres D -- Tanaka, Yoshiki -- Mori, Hiroyuki -- Sugita, Yuji -- Arisaka, Fumio -- Ito, Koreaki -- Ishitani, Ryuichiro -- Tsukazaki, Tomoya -- Nureki, Osamu -- England -- Nature. 2014 May 22;509(7501):516-20. doi: 10.1038/nature13167. Epub 2014 Apr 16.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉1] Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan [2] Global Research Cluster, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan [3]. ; 1] Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan [2]. ; 1] Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan [2] Global Research Cluster, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. ; Department of Systems Biology, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan. ; Cryobiofrontier Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan. ; Theoretical Molecular Science Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. ; Global Research Cluster, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. ; SR Life Science Instrumentation Unit, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan. ; Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshidakonoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. ; Department of Bioengineering Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan. ; Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Shogoin Kawara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan. ; Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan. ; Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan. ; 1] Department of Systems Biology, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan [2] JST, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24739968" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arginine/metabolism ; Bacillus/*chemistry ; Bacterial Proteins/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Cell Membrane/chemistry/*metabolism ; Conserved Sequence ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Membrane Transport Proteins/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Molecular Chaperones/chemistry/metabolism ; Protein Folding ; Static Electricity ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2012-01-31
    Description: G-protein-coupled receptors are the largest class of cell-surface receptors, and these membrane proteins exist in equilibrium between inactive and active states. Conformational changes induced by extracellular ligands binding to G-protein-coupled receptors result in a cellular response through the activation of G proteins. The A(2A) adenosine receptor (A(2A)AR) is responsible for regulating blood flow to the cardiac muscle and is important in the regulation of glutamate and dopamine release in the brain. Here we report the raising of a mouse monoclonal antibody against human A(2A)AR that prevents agonist but not antagonist binding to the extracellular ligand-binding pocket, and describe the structure of A(2A)AR in complex with the antibody Fab fragment (Fab2838). This structure reveals that Fab2838 recognizes the intracellular surface of A(2A)AR and that its complementarity-determining region, CDR-H3, penetrates into the receptor. CDR-H3 is located in a similar position to the G-protein carboxy-terminal fragment in the active opsin structure and to CDR-3 of the nanobody in the active beta(2)-adrenergic receptor structure, but locks A(2A)AR in an inactive conformation. These results suggest a new strategy to modulate the activity of G-protein-coupled receptors.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3303121/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3303121/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hino, Tomoya -- Arakawa, Takatoshi -- Iwanari, Hiroko -- Yurugi-Kobayashi, Takami -- Ikeda-Suno, Chiyo -- Nakada-Nakura, Yoshiko -- Kusano-Arai, Osamu -- Weyand, Simone -- Shimamura, Tatsuro -- Nomura, Norimichi -- Cameron, Alexander D -- Kobayashi, Takuya -- Hamakubo, Takao -- Iwata, So -- Murata, Takeshi -- 062164/Z/00/Z/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- BB/G023425/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2012 Jan 29;482(7384):237-40. doi: 10.1038/nature10750.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Iwata Human Receptor Crystallography Project, ERATO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Yoshidakonoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22286059" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Allosteric Regulation/*drug effects ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology/*pharmacology ; Complementarity Determining Regions/immunology ; *Drug Inverse Agonism ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/immunology/pharmacology ; Ligands ; Mice ; Models, Molecular ; Opsins/immunology ; Pichia ; Protein Conformation/drug effects ; Receptor, Adenosine A2A/chemistry/immunology/*metabolism ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/agonists/*antagonists & ; inhibitors/chemistry/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2015-09-30
    Description: The altered activity of the fructose transporter GLUT5, an isoform of the facilitated-diffusion glucose transporter family, has been linked to disorders such as type 2 diabetes and obesity. GLUT5 is also overexpressed in certain tumour cells, and inhibitors are potential drugs for these conditions. Here we describe the crystal structures of GLUT5 from Rattus norvegicus and Bos taurus in open outward- and open inward-facing conformations, respectively. GLUT5 has a major facilitator superfamily fold like other homologous monosaccharide transporters. On the basis of a comparison of the inward-facing structures of GLUT5 and human GLUT1, a ubiquitous glucose transporter, we show that a single point mutation is enough to switch the substrate-binding preference of GLUT5 from fructose to glucose. A comparison of the substrate-free structures of GLUT5 with occluded substrate-bound structures of Escherichia coli XylE suggests that, in addition to global rocker-switch-like re-orientation of the bundles, local asymmetric rearrangements of carboxy-terminal transmembrane bundle helices TM7 and TM10 underlie a 'gated-pore' transport mechanism in such monosaccharide transporters.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4618315/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4618315/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nomura, Norimichi -- Verdon, Gregory -- Kang, Hae Joo -- Shimamura, Tatsuro -- Nomura, Yayoi -- Sonoda, Yo -- Hussien, Saba Abdul -- Qureshi, Aziz Abdul -- Coincon, Mathieu -- Sato, Yumi -- Abe, Hitomi -- Nakada-Nakura, Yoshiko -- Hino, Tomoya -- Arakawa, Takatoshi -- Kusano-Arai, Osamu -- Iwanari, Hiroko -- Murata, Takeshi -- Kobayashi, Takuya -- Hamakubo, Takao -- Kasahara, Michihiro -- Iwata, So -- Drew, David -- 062164/Z/00/Z/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- BB/G02325/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2015 Oct 15;526(7573):397-401. doi: 10.1038/nature14909. Epub 2015 Sep 30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. ; Japan Science and Technology Agency, ERATO, Iwata Human Receptor Crystallography Project, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. ; Japan Science and Technology Agency, Research Acceleration Program, Membrane Protein Crystallography Project, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. ; Division of Molecular Biosciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK. ; Membrane Protein Laboratory, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, UK. ; Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Oxford, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0FA, UK. ; Centre for Biomembrane Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden. ; Department of Quantitative Biology and Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan. ; Systems and Structural Biology Center, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan. ; Laboratory of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Teikyo University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0395, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26416735" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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