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  • 1
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    Double-edged-sword effect of IL-1β on the osteogenesis of periodontal ligament stem cells via crosstalk between the NF-κB, MAPK and BMP/Smad signaling pathways (2016)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-15
    Description: Double-edged-sword effect of IL-1β on the osteogenesis of periodontal ligament stem cells via crosstalk between the NF-κB, MAPK and BMP/Smad signaling pathways Cell Death and Disease 7, e2296 (July 2016). doi:10.1038/cddis.2016.204 Authors: C-y Mao, Y-g Wang, X Zhang, X-y Zheng, T-t Tang & E-y Lu
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4889
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 2
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    Hydraulic characteristics analysis of a bulb tubular turbine based on the CFD simulation and model test (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-07-31
    Description: With the strong demands on the further development of economy and energy, tidal energy, with own green and renewable advantages, has gained more and more attention, of which as the main application type, bulb tubular turbines have played an important role in the power exploitation. Characteristic of low head and large discharge, flow properties of a bulb turbine turn out to be more complicated, which seriously affects the actual operation performance of the station. To promote wide development of tidal energy, it is ritual to deeply dig into the performance of bulb turbine. In this paper, a bulb-type model turbine used for tidal energy is taken for example. By means of CFD method and model test, hydraulic specifications, like efficiency and cavitation properties, have been obtained and compared in case of different conditions. Through the contrast between numerical simulation and model test, a novel corrected method relative to the low-head tidal turbine is brought out for furth...
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 3
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    Effects of dietary fibre source on microbiota composition in the large intestine of suckling piglets (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-23
    Description: This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary fibre sources on the gut microbiota in suckling piglets, and to test the hypothesis that a moderate increase of dietary fibre may affect the gut microbiota during the suckling period. Suckling piglets were fed different fibre-containing diets or a control diet from postnatal day 7 to 22. Digesta samples from cecum, proximal colon and distal colon were used for Pig Intestinal Tract Chip analysis. The data showed that the effects of fibre-containing diet on the gut microbiota differed in the fibre source and gut location. The alfalfa diet increased Clostridium cluster XIVb and Sporobacter termitidis in the cecum compared to the pure cellulose diet. Compared to the control diet, the alfalfa diet also increased Coprococcus eutactus in the distal colon, while the pure cellulose diet decreased Eubacterium pyruvativorans in the cecum. The pure cellulose diet increased Prevotella ruminicola compared to the wheat bran diet. Interestingly, the alfalfa group had the lowest abundance of the potential pathogen Streptococcus suis in the cecum and distal colon. These results indicated that a moderate increase in dietary fibres affected the microbial composition in suckling piglets, and that the alfalfa inclusion produced some beneficial effects on the microbial communities.
    Keywords: Environmental Microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0378-1097
    Electronic ISSN: 1574-6968
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 4
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    The impact of the South-North Water Transfer Project (CTP)’s central route on groundwater table in the Hai River Basin, North China (2013)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-10-05
    Description: The central route of the South-North Water Transfer Project (CTP) is designed to divert approximately 9.5 billion m 3 of water per year from the Han River, a major tributary of the Yangtze River, to the Hai River Basin in the North China. The main purpose of this study is to assess the impact of CTP on groundwater table in the Hai River basin. Our study features a large-scale distributed hydrological model that couples a physically based groundwater module (GWM), which is subbasin-based, with a conceptual surface water module (SWM), which is grid-based. There are several grids in each subbasin and water exchange among grid are considered. Our model couples SWM and GWM, and calculates human water use at the same time. The simulation results indicate that even with the water supply by CTP, the groundwater table will continue to decline in the Hai River basin. However, the CTP water can evidently reduce the decline rate, helping alleviate groundwater over-exploitation in Hai River region. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0885-6087
    Electronic ISSN: 1099-1085
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Published by Wiley
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  • 5
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    DNA Pol {eta} confers CSCs resistance to cisplatin [Genetics] (2015)
    National Academy of Sciences
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    Publication Date: 2015-04-08
    Description: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) with enhanced tumorigenicity and chemoresistance are believed to be responsible for treatment failure and tumor relapse in ovarian cancer patients. However, it is still unclear how CSCs survive DNA-damaging agent treatment. Here, we report an elevated expression of DNA polymerase η (Pol η) in ovarian CSCs...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 6
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    A stable and efficient approach of Q reverse time migration (2018)
    Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018
    Description: 〈span〉〈div〉ABSTRACT〈/div〉Amplitude energy attenuation and phase distortion of seismic waves caused by formation viscoelasticity reduce the resolution of reverse time migration (RTM) images. 〈span〉Q〈/span〉-RTM often is used to compensate the attenuation effects and improve the resolution of seismic imaging. However, serious high-frequency noise and tremendous amplitude will be produced during the wavefield extrapolation of 〈span〉Q〈/span〉-RTM, resulting in its inability to be imaged. Many 〈span〉Q〈/span〉-RTM algorithms solve the problem of instability through low-pass filtering in the wavenumber domain, but the method is less efficient in computation and has a truncation effect in the wavefield. We have developed a stable and efficient 〈span〉Q〈/span〉-RTM method, in which a regularization term was introduced into the viscoacoustic wave equation to suppress the high-frequency noise, and the finite-difference method was used to solve the viscoacoustic wave equation with a regularization term. We used the model example to visually demonstrate the instability of wavefield extrapolation in 〈span〉Q〈/span〉-RTM and compared the effect and computational efficiency of the two stabilization processing methods, low-pass filtering and regularization. Meanwhile, our method is not involved in solving the fractional derivatives by using the pseudo-spectral method, the computational efficiency also can be improved. We tested the 〈span〉Q〈/span〉-RTM approach on a simple layered model, Marmousi model, and real seismic data. The results of numerical examples demonstrated that the 〈span〉Q〈/span〉-RTM method can solve the problem of instability effectively and obtain a higher resolution image with lower computational cost.〈/span〉
    Print ISSN: 0016-8033
    Electronic ISSN: 1942-2156
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG)
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  • 7
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    High-pressure behavior of the polymorphs of FeOOH (2016)
    Mineralogical Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-03
    Description: The high-pressure structural and electronic behavior of α-, β-, and -FeOOH were studied in situ using a combination of synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES). We monitored α-FeOOH by XES as a function of pressure up to 85 GPa and observed an electronic spin transition that began at approximately 50 GPa, which is consistent with previous results. In the -FeOOH sample, we see the initiation of a spin transition at 35 GPa that remains incomplete up to 65 GPa. β-FeOOH does not show any indication of a spin transition up to 65 GPa. Analysis of the high-pressure XRD data shows that neither β-FeOOH nor -FeOOH transform to new crystal structures, and both amorphize above 20 GPa. Comparing our EOS results for the β and phases with recently published data on the α and phases, we found that β-FeOOH exhibits distinct behavior from the other three polymorphs, as it is significantly less compressible and does not undergo a spin transition. A systematic examination of these iron hydroxide polymorphs as a function of pressure can provide insight into the relationship between electronic spin transitions and structural transitions in these OH- and Fe 3+ -bearing phases that may have implications on our understanding of the water content and oxidation state of the mantle.
    Print ISSN: 0003-004X
    Electronic ISSN: 1945-3027
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Mineralogical Society of America
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  • 8
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    A long noncoding RNA regulates photoperiod-sensitive male sterility, an essential component of hybrid rice [Plant Biology] (2012)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-02-15
    Description: Hybrid rice has greatly contributed to the global increase of rice productivity. A major component that facilitated the development of hybrids was a mutant showing photoperiod-sensitive male sterility (PSMS) with its fertility regulated by day length. Transcriptome studies have shown that large portions of the eukaryotic genomic sequences are transcribed to long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). However, the potential roles for only a few lncRNAs have been brought to light at present. Thus, great efforts have to be invested to understand the biological functions of lncRNAs. Here we show that a lncRNA of 1,236 bases in length, referred to as long-day–specific male-fertility–associated RNA (LDMAR), regulates PSMS in rice. We found that sufficient amount of the LDMAR transcript is required for normal pollen development of plants grown under long-day conditions. A spontaneous mutation causing a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) between the wild-type and mutant altered the secondary structure of LDMAR. This change brought about increased methylation in the putative promoter region of LDMAR, which reduced the transcription of LDMAR specifically under long-day conditions, resulting in premature programmed cell death (PCD) in developing anthers, thus causing PSMS. Thus, a lncRNA could directly exert a major effect on a trait like a structure gene, and a SNP could alter the function of a lncRNA similar to amino acid substitution in structural genes. Molecular elucidating of PSMS has important implications for understanding molecular mechanisms of photoperiod regulation of many biological processes and also for developing male sterile germplasms for hybrid crop breeding.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 9
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    Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein CIRP/hnRNP A18 regulates telomerase activity in a temperature-dependent manner (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-01-30
    Description: The telomerase is responsible for adding telomeric repeats to chromosomal ends and consists of the reverse transcriptase TERT and the RNA subunit TERC. The expression and activity of the telomerase are tightly regulated, and aberrant activation of the telomerase has been observed in 〉85% of human cancers. To better understand telomerase regulation, we performed immunoprecipitations coupled with mass spectrometry (IP-MS) and identified cold inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP or hnRNP A18) as a telomerase-interacting factor. We have found that CIRP is necessary to maintain telomerase activities at both 32°C and 37°C. Furthermore, inhibition of CIRP by CRISPR-Cas9 or siRNA knockdown led to reduced telomerase activities and shortened telomere length, suggesting an important role of CIRP in telomere maintenance. We also provide evidence here that CIRP associates with the active telomerase complex through direct binding of TERC and regulates Cajal body localization of the telomerase. In addition, CIRP regulates the level of TERT mRNAs. At the lower temperature, TERT mRNA is upregulated in a CIRP-dependent manner to compensate for reduced telomerase activities. Taken together, these findings highlight the dual roles that CIRP plays in regulating TERT and TERC, and reveal a new class of telomerase modulators in response to hypothermia conditions.
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 10
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    Helicobacter pylori-induced matrix metallopeptidase-10 promotes gastric bacterial colonization and gastritis (2019)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: 〈p〉The interaction between gastric epithelium and immune response plays key roles in 〈i〉H. pylori〈/i〉–associated pathology. We demonstrated a procolonization and proinflammation role of MMP-10 in 〈i〉H. pylori〈/i〉 infection. MMP-10 is elevated in gastric mucosa and is produced by gastric epithelial cells synergistically induced by 〈i〉H. pylori〈/i〉 and IL-22 via the ERK pathway. Human gastric MMP-10 was correlated with 〈i〉H. pylori〈/i〉 colonization and the severity of gastritis, and mouse MMP-10 from non–BM-derived cells promoted bacteria colonization and inflammation. 〈i〉H. pylori〈/i〉 colonization and inflammation were attenuated in IL-22〈sup〉–/–〈/sup〉, MMP-10〈sup〉–/–〈/sup〉, and IL-22〈sup〉–/–〈/sup〉MMP-10〈sup〉–/–〈/sup〉 mice. MMP-10–associated inflammation is characterized by the influx of CD8〈sup〉+〈/sup〉 T cells, whose migration is induced via MMP-10–CXCL16 axis by gastric epithelial cells. Under the influence of MMP-10, Reg3a, E-cadherin, and zonula occludens–1 proteins decrease, resulting in impaired host defense and increased 〈i〉H. pylori〈/i〉 colonization. Our results suggest that MMP-10 facilitates 〈i〉H. pylori〈/i〉 persistence and promotes gastritis.〈/p〉
    Electronic ISSN: 2375-2548
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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