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  • 1
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    Five years gravity observation with the superconducting gravimeter OSG#058 at Syowa Station, East Antarctica: gravitational effects of accumulated snow mass (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-04-07
    Description: Continuous gravimetric observations have been made with three successive generations of superconducting gravimeter over 20 yr at Syowa Station ( $39.6\deg$ E, $69.0\deg$ S), East Antarctica. The third-generation instrument, OSG#058, was installed in January 2010 and was calibrated by an absolute gravimeter during January and February, 2010. The estimated scale factor was –73.823 ± 0.053 μGal V –1 (1 μGal = 10 –8 m s –2 ). The first 5 yr of OSG#058 data from 2010 January 7 to 2015 January 10 were decomposed into tidal waves (M3 to Ssa) and other non-tidal components by applying the Bayesian tidal analysis program BAYTAP. Long-term non-tidal gravity residuals, which were obtained by subtracting annual and 18.6 year tidal waves and the predicted gravity response to the Earth's variable rotation, showed significant correlation with the accumulated snow depth measured at Syowa Station. The greatest correlation occurred when the gravity variations lagged the accumulated snow depth by 21 d. To estimate the gravitational effect of the accumulated snow mass, we inferred a conversion factor of 3.13 ± 0.08 μGal m –1 from this relation. The accumulated snow depth at Syowa Station was found to represent an extensive terrestrial water storage (the snow accumulation) around Syowa Station, which was estimated from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment satellite gravity data. The snow accumulation around Syowa Station was detectable by the superconducting gravimeter.
    Keywords: Gravity, Geodesy and Tides
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 2
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    Supertransmission channel for an intrinsic localized mode in a one-dimensional nonlinear physical lattice (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    In: Chaos
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-10-21
    Description: It is well known that a moving intrinsic localized mode (ILM) in a nonlinear physical lattice looses energy because of the resonance between it and the underlying small amplitude plane wave spectrum. By exploring the Fourier transform (FT) properties of the nonlinear force of a running ILM in a driven and damped 1D nonlinear lattice, as described by a 2D wavenumber and frequency map, we quantify the magnitude of the resonance where the small amplitude normal mode dispersion curve and the FT amplitude components of the ILM intersect. We show that for a traveling ILM characterized by a specific frequency and wavenumber, either inside or outside the plane wave spectrum, and for situations where both onsite and intersite nonlinearity occur, either of the hard or soft type, the strength of this resonance depends on the specific mix of the two nonlinearities. Examples are presented demonstrating that by engineering this mix the resonance can be greatly reduced. The end result is a supertransmission channel for either a driven or undriven ILM in a nonintegrable, nonlinear yet physical lattice.
    Print ISSN: 1054-1500
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7682
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 3
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    The potential of imaging subsurface heterogeneities by natural local earthquakes (2014)
    Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-12-09
    Description: We have developed a new imaging technique of subsurface heterogeneities that uses Sp-waves from natural earthquakes. This technique can be used as a first screening tool in frontier exploration areas before conventional active exploration. Analyzing Sp-waves from 28 earthquakes ( $${M}_{\mathrm{j}}$$ 2.0 to 4.2) recorded by two permanent seismic stations, we built an image of the distributions of velocity discontinuities in southeastern offshore Hokkaido, Japan, where intraplate earthquakes in the Pacific plate frequently occur. Our results indicated the presence of three horizontally continuous, distinct discontinuities corresponding to geologic boundaries estimated in a previous study. We also derived the frequency-dependent quality factor $$Q$$ for P- and S-waves and use it as a method of characterizing physical properties of subsurface structure. The waveform traces with coherent Sp-phases in the southern part of the study area generally show a constant $${Q}_{\mathrm{S}}/{Q}_{\mathrm{P}}$$ ratio, and the waveform traces with randomly distributed phases in the northern part show a large variation of the $${Q}_{\mathrm{S}}/{Q}_{\mathrm{P}}$$ ratio (including several high values).
    Print ISSN: 0016-8033
    Electronic ISSN: 1942-2156
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG)
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  • 4
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    Deterministic Electrical Charge-State Initialization of Single Nitrogen-Vacancy Center in Diamond (2014)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-04-01
    Description: Author(s): Y. Doi, T. Makino, H. Kato, D. Takeuchi, M. Ogura, H. Okushi, H. Morishita, T. Tashima, S. Miwa, S. Yamasaki, P. Neumann, J. Wrachtrup, Y. Suzuki, and N. Mizuochi Use of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond for quantum applications requires fast switching between their two different charge states. Using a diamond diode, scientists now demonstrate for the first time deterministic, purely electrical, and room-temperature charge-state control of single NV centers on the time scale of a microsecond. [Phys. Rev. X 4, 011057] Published Mon Mar 31, 2014
    Electronic ISSN: 2160-3308
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 5
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    The inhibitory receptor PD-1 regulates IgA selection and bacterial composition in the gut (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-04-28
    Description: Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is essential to maintain the symbiotic balance between gut bacterial communities and the host immune system. Here we provide evidence that the inhibitory co-receptor programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) regulates the gut microbiota through appropriate selection of IgA plasma cell repertoires. PD-1 deficiency generates an excess number of T follicular helper (T(FH)) cells with altered phenotypes, which results in dysregulated selection of IgA precursor cells in the germinal center of Peyer's patches. Consequently, the IgAs produced in PD-1-deficient mice have reduced bacteria-binding capacity, which causes alterations of microbial communities in the gut. Thus, PD-1 plays a critical role in regulation of antibody diversification required for the maintenance of intact mucosal barrier.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kawamoto, Shimpei -- Tran, Thinh H -- Maruya, Mikako -- Suzuki, Keiichiro -- Doi, Yasuko -- Tsutsui, Yumi -- Kato, Lucia M -- Fagarasan, Sidonia -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Apr 27;336(6080):485-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1217718.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory for Mucosal Immunity, Research Center for Allergy and Immunology, RIKEN Yokohama, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22539724" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adoptive Transfer ; Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Bacteria/immunology ; Bacterial Load ; *Bacterial Physiological Phenomena ; Feces/microbiology ; Genes, Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain ; Germinal Center/cytology/immunology ; Immunoglobulin A/biosynthesis/*immunology ; Intestinal Mucosa/*immunology ; Intestine, Small/immunology/*microbiology ; Lymphocyte Count ; Mice ; Peyer's Patches/cytology/immunology ; Plasma Cells/immunology/physiology ; Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/genetics/*physiology ; Symbiosis ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Duplication and Loss of Function of Genes Encoding RNA Polymerase III Subunit C4 Causes Hybrid Incompatibility in Rice (2017)
    Genetics Society of America (GSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-08-08
    Description: Reproductive barriers are commonly observed in both animals and plants, in which they maintain species integrity and contribute to speciation. This report shows that a combination of loss-of-function alleles at two duplicated loci, DUPLICATED GAMETOPHYTIC STERILITY 1 ( DGS1 ) on chromosome 4 and DGS2 on chromosome 7, causes pollen sterility in hybrid progeny derived from an interspecific cross between cultivated rice, Oryza sativa , and an Asian annual wild rice, O. nivara . Male gametes carrying the DGS1 allele from O. nivara ( DGS1-nivara s ) and the DGS2 allele from O. sativa ( DGS2-T65 s ) were sterile, but female gametes carrying the same genotype were fertile. We isolated the causal gene, which encodes a protein homologous to DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RNAP) III subunit C4 (RPC4). RPC4 facilitates the transcription of 5S rRNAs and tRNAs. The loss-of-function alleles at DGS1-nivara s and DGS2-T65 s were caused by weak or nonexpression of RPC4 and an absence of RPC4 , respectively. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that gene duplication of RPC4 at DGS1 and DGS2 was a recent event that occurred after divergence of the ancestral population of Oryza from other Poaceae or during diversification of AA-genome species.
    Electronic ISSN: 2160-1836
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Genetics Society of America (GSA)
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  • 7
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    PosMed: ranking genes and bioresources based on Semantic Web Association Study (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-06-23
    Description: Positional MEDLINE (PosMed; http://biolod.org/PosMed ) is a powerful Semantic Web Association Study engine that ranks biomedical resources such as genes, metabolites, diseases and drugs, based on the statistical significance of associations between user-specified phenotypic keywords and resources connected directly or inferentially through a Semantic Web of biological databases such as MEDLINE, OMIM, pathways, co-expressions, molecular interactions and ontology terms. Since 2005, PosMed has long been used for in silico positional cloning studies to infer candidate disease-responsible genes existing within chromosomal intervals. PosMed is redesigned as a workbench to discover possible functional interpretations for numerous genetic variants found from exome sequencing of human disease samples. We also show that the association search engine enhances the value of mouse bioresources because most knockout mouse resources have no phenotypic annotation, but can be associated inferentially to phenotypes via genes and biomedical documents. For this purpose, we established text-mining rules to the biomedical documents by careful human curation work, and created a huge amount of correct linking between genes and documents. PosMed associates any phenotypic keyword to mouse resources with 20 public databases and four original data sets as of May 2013.
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluorescence and photochemistry of the charge-transfer band in alcoholic vanadium trichloride solution (1978)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 100 (1978), S. 3243-3244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00478a062
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ESR spectra of VO2+ ions adsorbed on calcium phosphates (1983)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 35 (1983), S. 538-541 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: ESR ; Apatite ; Tricalcium phosphate ; Amorphous calcium phosphate ; Dicalcium phosphate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The ESR spectra of oxovanadium(IV) ions, (VO2+), adsorbed on hydroxyapatite(OHAp), fluorhydroxyapatite(FHAp), Mg-containing tricalcium phosphate(Mg-TCP), octacalcium phosphate (OCP), dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD), and amorphous calcium phosphate(ACP) were measured at room temperature. The ESR parameters of VO2+ adsorbed on these compounds were slightly different from one another and accordingly, the ESR technique by use of VO2+ was useful for an analysis of the calcium phosphates precipitated from supersaturated solutions. The ESR parameters of VO2+ adsorbed on ACP and Mg-TCP were found to be very similar to each other, suggesting that ACP and TCP resemble each other in the structure of their crystal surfaces.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405090
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transmission electron microscopic study of calcium phosphate formation in supersaturated solutions seeded with apatite (1984)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 36 (1984), S. 39-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Apatite ; Calcium phosphates ; Crystal growth ; Enamel ; Octacalcium phosphate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The present study examined crystal growth on enamel and synthetic apatite seed surfaces in dilute supersaturated solutions by means of transmission electron microscopy. At all supersaturations, new growth initially appeared on the ends of the seed crystal. In solutions undersaturated with respect to octacalcium phosphate (OCP), this growth was needlelike in appearance. Above the solubility point for OCP, the growth frequently took the form of thin, platelike crystals. The relevance of these findings to precursor phase formation is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405292
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