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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 324-325 (Nov. 2006), p. 759-762 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The furthest dangerous cracking type of asphalt pavement is usually considered of thesimplex [removed info]type crack(namely shear crack) under traffic load, but the so-called [removed info]type crack shouldbe the compound cracking at the concurrence of I type crack (namely splay crack) and [removed info]typecrack. In order to study the compound type crack propagation behavior of asphalt concrete, a threepoint bending beam with compound type notched has been designed. Asymmetry-gap small girderspecimens of asphalt concrete are adopted in the test, and the central testing equipment is MTS. Aseries of compound type three point bending beam tests have been performed to simulate compoundtype crack initiation and growth. The propagation of compound type crack is studied by a newlydeveloped numerical code, Rock Failure Process Analysis (RFPA2D).it is shown that the crackinitiation angle and the peak load increased as the distance of the preexisting crack from themidpoint of the beam increased, the crack propagation path follows some regularity in general andthe main force of crack propagation is still tensile stress. Through this work, the understanding ofthe mechanism about damage and early destroy of asphalt pavement can be advanced and it canprovide guidance for asphalt pavement design and maintenance
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature genetics 13 (1996), S. 143-144 
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Sir — Thome et all recently reported in Nature Genetics an association between a null mutation in CNTF2 and ‘endogenous’ psychosis, in a sample of subjects affected with a variety of psychiatric disorders. They found no homozygotes for the null mutation in their control ...
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 348-349 (Sept. 2007), p. 289-292 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Various asphalt pavement distresses, such as longitudinal cracking, thermal (transverse)cracking, and reflective cracking, are directly related to the fracture properties of the asphaltmaterials used in the pavement layers. The fracture resistance of asphalt materials significantlyinfluences the service life of asphalt pavements and consequently affects the maintenance andrehabilitation costs of the pavement network. Therefore, there is significant interest inunderstanding the mechanism of fracture in asphalt pavements and in developing analysis tools thatwould lead to the selection of asphalt materials with increased fracture resistance. This paperreports a research effort of dynamic observation of the micro-fracture process of asphalt mixtureunder uniaxial compressed condition by using CT (computerized tomography) method. CT imageswere analyzed to investigate the process of micro-fracture of asphalt concrete. Research resultsshow that the abnormal belt of density damage of asphalt concrete is the initiation belt of crackingand the turning point in the curve of stress and density distress increment is the point of crackingfailure of asphalt concrete
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 348-349 (Sept. 2007), p. 305-308 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Cracking is one of the major distress types of asphalt pavements. Expected life ofpavements, pavement condition and maintenance cost are directly related to pavement cracking. Itis necessary to promote the understanding of cracking mechanism of hot mix asphalt (HMA) basedon fracture mechanics. Simulation, surveying, observation, and measurement of cracking inpavement structures have been reported in literature in last three decades. However, crackingprocess in asphalt mixtures in a three dimensional scale is still a great challenge to road engineers.This paper reports a research effort of dynamic observation of the micro-fracture process of asphaltmixture under compressed condition using CT (computerized tomography) method. Through CTscanning, the clear CT images, which include the microcrack compressed, growth, bifurcation,development, the crack fracture, and the asphalt concrete sample failure were obtained. The CTnumbers, CT images and the other data were analyzed. Analysis of the relationship between of CTnumber and volumetric strain suggests that damage value at zero volumetric strain can be used asthreshold point in damage analysis. Corresponding stress value can be used as maximum allowablestress in design practice
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 353-358 (Sept. 2007), p. 2341-2344 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Water damage of asphalt concrete pavements has been one of the major distresses inhighway engineering. Engineering experiences and research results indicate that this damage is due tothe extortionate air voids of bitumen mixtures. Paranormal porosity of asphalt mixture is largely theresult of the poor controlling of compact degree during paving process. The quality of asphaltpavement is subjected to the controlling methods of compacting of bitumen mixtures. Ultrasonic is anexcellent method for non-destructive testing used in various engineering fields. It is also a potentiallyeffective tool to be applied in the control and evaluation of the compaction quality of bitumenmixtures. This paper presents the results of a study aimed at the applicability of ultrasonic technologyfor evaluation of porosity and compaction quality of bitumen mixtures. It is shown that thistechnology, which has been successfully used for many years for evaluation of Portland concretestructures, might be used in asphalt pavement engineering to provide a simple, quick, and objectivemethodology for control and evaluation of the compact quality of bitumen mixtures. The results oflaboratory testing demonstrate the potential of this technology
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 385-387 (July 2008), p. 297-300 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The fracture resistance of asphalt materials significantly influences the service life ofasphalt pavements and consequently affects the maintenance and rehabilitation costs of thepavement network. Therefore, there is significant interest in understanding the mechanism offracture in asphalt pavements and in developing analysis tools that would lead to the selection ofasphalt materials with increased fracture resistance. Study of cracking behavior of asphalt mixturesshould be conducted in a micro-scale level to have a real simulation of crack propagation. UsingSIEMENS SOMATOM plus X-ray CT (computerized tomography) and multi-functional testing rig,a dynamic observation of cracking propagation of hot mix asphalt was conducted in this research.Failure process under compressive pressure was recorded using CT images and CT numbers. Thedirect responses in density change of Marshall Samples under a CT-compressive process are changeof CT numbers. Cracking propagation in the samples can be clearly observed and failure mode andstress-strain behavior can then be simulated. The tests reported provide important theoreticalfundamentals to study the cracking behavior and failure mechanism of asphalt mixtures
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 385-387 (July 2008), p. 301-304 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Cracking has long been accepted as a major mode of premature failure in flexiblepavements. Expected life of pavements, pavement condition and maintenance cost are directlyrelated to pavement cracking. It is crucial to have a sufficient understanding of cracking mechanismin order to produce a sound and safe material and structural design of asphalt pavements.Simulation, surveying, observation, and measurement of cracking in pavement structures have beenreported in literature in last three decades. However, cracking process in asphalt mixtures in a threedimensional scale is still a great challenge to road engineers. Using SIEMENS SOMATOM plusX-ray CT (computerized tomography) and multi-functional testing rig, a dynamic observation ofcracking propagation of hot mix asphalt was conducted in this research. Marshall samples of AC20were used under uniaxial compressive stress state. Stress and strain behavior was observed duringthe compressive failure process of asphalt mixtures. Cracking propagation in the samples can beclearly observed and failure mode and stress-strain behavior can then be simulated. Research resultsshow that loading rate is a critical factor influencing cracking velocity and cracking density
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1022-1352
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Ultrapure diethyl 1,1-cyclopropanedicarboxylate (1) undergoes ring-opening polymerization when placed in the presence of small amounts of sodium thiophenolate (2) at temperatures above 80°C, and leads to the synthesis of a carbon-chain polymer substituted on every third carbon atom by ethyl ester substituents. 1 polymerizes also in the presence of 2 generated in situ from thiophenol and metallic sodium, but does not polymerize in the presence of metallic sodium alone. Polymerizations are slow and require high concentrations in monomer and initiator to obtain reasonable polymerization times. In spite of the high temperatures used in some experiments (up to 130°C), no structural subunit resulting from side reactions was detected, presumably due to the high stability of the propagating malonate carbanion. Polymers of narrow molecular weight distribution were obtained at both 80 and 130°C (M̄w/M̄n 〈 1,14), and absolute degrees of polymerization increased with polymer yields. These results were rationalized on the basic of a quasi-living polymerization mechanism. Thermal properties of poly(1) were determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). Poly(1) is stable up to 275°C and is a micro-crystalline polymer insoluble in most typical solvents, with the noticeable exception of chloroform and dichloromethane.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2015-06-29
    Description: Acetylation is correlated with chromatin decondensation and transcriptional activation, but its regulation by histone deacetylase (HDAC)-bearing corepressor complexes is poorly understood. Here, we describe the mechanism of assembly of the mammalian Sin3L/Rpd3L complex facilitated by Sds3, a conserved subunit deemed critical for proper assembly. Sds3 engages a globular, helical region of the HDAC interaction domain (HID) of the scaffolding protein Sin3A through a bipartite motif comprising a helix and an adjacent extended segment. Sds3 dimerizes through not only one of the predicted coiled-coil motifs but also, the segment preceding it, forming an ∼150-Å-long antiparallel dimer. Contrary to previous findings in yeast, Sin3A rather than Sds3 functions in recruiting HDAC1 into the complex by engaging the latter through a highly conserved segment adjacent to the helical HID subdomain. In the resulting model for the ternary complex, the two copies of the HDACs are situated distally and dynamically because of a natively unstructured linker connecting the dimerization domain and the Sin3A interaction domain of Sds3; these features contrast with the static organization described previously for the NuRD (nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase) complex. The Sds3 linker features several conserved basic residues that could potentially maintain the complex on chromatin by nonspecific interactions with DNA after initial recruitment by sequence-specific DNA-binding repressors.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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