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  • 1
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Keywords: Tantalum ; Niobium ; Titanium ; Columbite ; Rutile ; Mineralogy ; Geochemistry ; Pegmatite ; Austria ; Ostalpen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Titan-Ferrocolumbit ist ein seltenes Akzessorium in den Spodumenpegmatiten der Weinebene, Kärnten, Österreich. Er enthält entmischten niobhaltigen Rutil und selten Einschlüsse von möglicherweise primärem Zinnstein. Die Zusammensetzung des TitanFerrocolumbits ist relativ homogen und weist die folgenden Elementverhältnisse auf. Mn/(Mn + Fe) 0,24 – 0,33, Ta/(Ta + Nb) 0,09 – 0,13 (Atomverhältnisse) und 0,47 – 0,88 Ti pro 12 Kationen (2,7 - 5,0Gew.%TiO2). Natürlich auftretende Kristalle sind strukturell merklich ungeordnet und erlangen durch Erhitzen einen höheren Ordnungsgrad. Die Mn/(Mn + Fe) sowie Ta/(Ta + Nb) Verhältnisse des niobhaltigen Rutil betragen 0,00 – 0,04 bzw. 0,26 – 0,38. Der niobhaitige Rutil ist im Vergleich zu Mn- und Nb-führendem Ferrocolumbit an Fe, Ta, Ti und Sn angereichert.—Die Seltenheit von Nb, Ta-Oxiden in den spodumenführenden Pegmatiten der südlichen Ostalpen steht in Übereinstimmung mit ihrer Zugehörigkeit zum Albit-Spodumen Typ der selten-Element-führenden Pegmatite (rare-element pegmatites).
    Notes: Summary Titanian ferrocolumbite is a rare accessory mineral in the spodumene-bearing pegmatites at Weinebene, Carinthia, Austria. It contains abundant exsolved niobian rutile and scarce inclusions of cassiterite that may be primary. The titanian ferrocolumbite is relatively homogeneous with Mn/(Mn + Fe) 0.24–0.33, Ta/(Ta + Nb) 0.09–0.13 (atomic ratios) and 0.47–0.88 Ti per 12 cations (2.7–5.0 wt.% TiO2). Natural specimens are considerably disordered but become more ordered on heating. Niobian rutile has Mn/(Mn + Fe) 0.00–0.04 and Ta/(Ta + Nb) 0.26–0.38; it concentrates Fe, Ta, Ti and Sn relative to the Mn- and Nb-enriched ferrocolumbite. The overall scarcity of Nb, Ta-oxide minerals in the spodumene-bearing pegmatites of southern Ostalpen conforms to their general features ranking them with the albite-spodumene type of rare-element pegmatites.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Primärer Zusammensetzungsbereich und Umwandlungstrends der Mikrolithe aus dem Yellowknife Pegmatitfeld, Northwest Territories, Kanada Mikrolith kommt in den Beryll-Columbit-, Beryll-Columbit-Phosphat-, komplexen Spodumeri-, Albit-Spodumen- und Amblygonit-Typen der Seltene-Element-Granitpegmatite im archäischen Yellowknife Pegmatitfeld des Kanadischen Schildes als seltenes akzessorisches Mineral vor. Der Chemismus des Mikroliths variiert, ist aber mit der gebräuchlichen Strukturformel A2−mB2X1−mY1−n·pH2O verträglich, mit im allgemeinen A = Ca,Na, B = Ta,Nb, X = O, m=0−2, n =O−1 und p=0−1. Der Chemismus des Yellowknife Mikroliths wird durch Ca, Na, Ta und Nb dominiert, U, Pb, Fe, Mn und Ti treten in kleineren Mengen auf. Die Zusammensetzungen des Mikroliths spiegeln die primäre Variabilität sowie die Auswirkungen späterer Umwand lungen wieder. Zwei Haupttypen des Mikroliths können nach ihrer primären Zusammensetzung und den Umwandlungstrends unterschieden werden. U-armer Mikrolith entstand durch metasomatischen Ersatz von früherem Manganocolumbit-Manganotantalit und Ferrotapiolith, mit fortschreitender Umwandlung entwickelt sich seine Zusammensetzung von frühen Ca-reichen, Fe,Mn-armen Gliedern zu späten Ca,Na-armen, Fe,Mn-angereicherten Gliedern. Im Gegensatz dazu bildete sich U-haltiger Mikrolith aus an U angerereicherten, mäßig fraktionierten pegmatitischen Fluiden, die auf Manganocolumbit-Manganotantalit einwirkten, mit fortschreitender Umwandlung entwickelt sich seine Zusammensetzung von U,Ca,Na-angereicherten Gliedern zu U,Ca,Na-armen, Mn,Feangereicherten Gliedern.
    Notes: Summary Microlite occurs as a rare accessory mineral in beryl-columbite, beryl-columbitephosphate, complex spodumene, albite-spodumene and amblygonite type rare-element granitic pegmatites in the Archean Yellowknife pegmatite field of the Canadian Shield. The chemistry of microlite is variable but consistent with the accepted structural formula A2−mB2X6Y1−n pH2O, where generally A = Ca,Na; B = Ta,Nb; X = O; Y = O,OH, F; m = 0 - 2; n = 0 - 1 and p = 0 - l. The chemistry of the Yellowknife microlite is dominated by Ca, Na, Ta, and Nb with minor amounts of U, Pb, Fe, Mn, and Ti. The compositions of microlite are interpreted to reflect primary variability and effects of late-stage alteration. Two principal types of microlite can be distinguished by their primary composition and alteration trends. U-poor microlite originated by the metasomatic replacement of pre-existing manganocolumbite, manganotantalite, and ferrotapiolite; with progressive alteration, its composition evolves from early Ca-rich, Fe,Mn-poor members to late Ca,Na-poor, Fe,Mn-enriched members. In contrast, U-bearing microlite formed from U-enriched, moderately fractionated pegmatitec fluids acting upon ferrocolumbite, manganocolumbite, and manganotantalite; with progressive alteration, its composition evolves from U,Ca,Na-enriched members to U,Ca,Na-poor, Fe,Mn-enriched members.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mineralogy and petrology 55 (1995), S. 203-215 
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Granitische Pegmatite, die durch fortgeschrittene Anreicherung und Fraktionierung von inkompatiblen, seltenen, lithophilen Elementen (Li, Rb, Cs, Be, Ta Nb, B, P und F) charakterisiert sind, enthalten häufig Mineralparagenesen mit Lithium-reichen Glimmern. Lepidolith und Li-Muskowit treten in Hochdruck-Spodumen, in Niedrigdruck-Petalit, in mit Phosphor angereichertem Amblygonit und in Fluor-reichen Lepidolith-Unterarten aus komplexen orogenen granitischen Pegmatiten und selten auch aus anorogenen, Amazonit-führenden Pegmatiten, auf. Spurenelement-Daten aus der Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse von Lepidolith aus verschiedenen Pegmatit-Untertypen, die Morphologie (tafelig, schuppig, feinkörnig), die Position innerhalb des Pegmatits (primäre Zonen, verdrängte Einheiten, Taschen), Mineralbestände und tektonische Affinität (orogen gegen anorogen) zeigen eine extreme Fraktionierung von Rb und Cs, bescheidene Gehalte an TI, Ga, Nb, Ta, Sn und Zn; und typischerweise geringe Häufigkeiten von Ba, Sr, Ni, Pb, Y, V, W und Zr. Die extreme Fraktionierung wird durch niedrige Werte von K/Rb, K/Cs und Nb/Ta angezeigt, die in Lepidolith von Pegmatiten des Petalit-Subtyps am niedrigsten sind. Aus den verschiedenen Morphologien oder paragenetischen Positionen von Lepidolith sind keine systematischen Unterschiede im Spurenelementgehalt ersichtlich. Lepidolith aus Pegmatiten des Spodumen-Subtyps sind generell etwas weniger fraktioniert als jene von Pegmatiten des Petalit- oder Lepidolith-Subtyps.
    Notes: Summary Granitic pegmatites characterized by advanced accumulation and fractionation of incompatible rare lithophile elements (Li, Rb, Cs, Be, Ta ≶ Nb, B, P and F), often contain mineral assemblages which host lithium-rich micas. Lepidolite and lithian muscovite occur in high-pressure spodumene, low-pressure petalite, phosphorus-enriched amblygonite and fluorine-rich lepidolite subtypes of orogenic affiliated complex type granitic pegmatites and rarely in anorogenic affiliated amazonite-bearing Trace element data determined by X-ray fluorescence for lepidolite of various pegmatite subtypes, morphology (“book”, “scaly”, “fine-grained”), position within the pegmatite (primary zones, replacement units, pockets), mineral assemblages and tectonic affinity (orogenic vs anorogenic) show extreme fractionation of Rb and Cs; modest levels of T1, Ga, Nb, Ta, Sn and Zn; and typically low abundances of Ba, Sr, Ni, Pb, Y, V, W and Zr. Extreme fractionation is indicated by low values of K/Rb, K/Cs and Nb/Ta which are lowest in lepidolite from petalite subtype pegmatites. No systematic differences in trace element content is evident among the different lepidolite morphologies or paragenetic position. Lepidolite from spodumene subtype pegmatites are generally slightly less fractionated than those from petalite or lepidolite subtype pegmatites.
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2010-10-04
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2013-12-13
    Description: The crystal structures of seven members of the graftonite-beusite series, ideally (Fe 2+ ,Mn 2+ ,Ca) 3 (PO 4 ) 2 , monoclinic P 2 1 / c, a 8.77–8.81, b 11.43–11.58, c 6.13–6.17 Å, β 99.19–99.32°, V 607.5–617.7 Å 3 , have been refined to R 1 indices of 2.1–3.7% using ~1300–1600 unique observed reflections (| F o | 〉 5 F ) collected using a single-crystal diffractometer equipped with Mo K α X-radiation. The crystals used in the collection of the X-ray data were subsequently analyzed with an electron microprobe and the structural and microprobe results were used to assign site populations. The refined site-scattering values and linear variation in mean bond-length as a function of aggregate-cation radius indicate that Ca is completely ordered at the M (1) site. Similarly Mn is ordered at the M (1) and M (3) sites, with any excess Mn occurring at M (2), and Mg is completely ordered at M (2). Detailed consideration of incident bond-valence sums at the three M sites indicates that the coordination numbers of the M (1), M (2), and M (3) sites are [8], [5], and [6], respectively, although the differences between these and [7], [5], and [5] are very small. Ca is dominant at the M (1) site in a previously refined beusite structure, and there are compositions reported here and elsewhere in which Ca is dominant at M (1) in graftonite-like compositions, indicating the potential for new mineral species in this group.
    Print ISSN: 0008-4476
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2013-02-01
    Description: The Coastal Lithotectonic Block of the Brunswick pegmatite field and the Central Maine Synclinorium of the Oxford pegmatite field, in Maine, are intruded by numerous rare-element granitic pegmatites that carry columbite-group minerals (CGM) as the principal (Nb,Ta)-bearing phases. Generally, the CGM from Maine are hosted by pegmatites characterized by a LCT (Li–Cs–Ta) geochemical signature and are infrequent in pegmatites with NYF (Nb–Y–F) characteristics ( e.g ., Topsham area of the Brunswick pegmatite field). Significant chemical-compositional and structural differences are observed between the CGM from the Brunswick and Oxford pegmatite fields. Columbite-group minerals from the Brunswick pegmatite field mainly consist of columbite-(Fe), commonly with elevated Ti and Mg contents. By comparison, pegmatites from the Oxford field carry columbite-(Fe), columbite-(Mn) and tantalite-(Mn) with low Ti and Mg contents. The structural state of CGM from the Brunswick pegmatite field ranges from highly cation-disordered to cation-ordered, in contrast to predominantly highly ordered CGM in the Oxford pegmatite field. Limited concurrent fractionation of Mn from Fe and Ta from Nb observed in the Brunswick pegmatite field is characteristic of F-poor environments in general, and of F-enriched pegmatites with high μHF/μalkF (stability field of topaz). However, the extensive Fe–Mn fractionation preceding moderate to strong enrichment in Ta is typical of the Oxford pegmatite field, and apparently promoted by lepidolite-generating environments with prominent chemical potential of alkali fluorides and low μHF/μalkF. This observation finds support in data on CGM from numerous other pegmatite populations worldwide. In contrast, the structural state of CGM does not seem to be linked to the activity of different forms of fluorine. The overall abundance, diversity and temporal extent of the volatile components were undoubtedly different in the two pegmatite fields under study, and were apparently enhanced in the more fractionated pegmatites of the Oxford pegmatite field.
    Print ISSN: 0008-4476
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2001-02-01
    Print ISSN: 0008-4476
    Electronic ISSN: 1499-1276
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 8
  • 9
    Publication Date: 2006-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0008-4476
    Electronic ISSN: 1499-1276
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 10
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