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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2013-02-10
    Description: A simple and computationally efficient objective tracking technique is used to assess the representation of African Easterly Waves (AEWs) in the Met Office Unified Model (MetUM). The algorithm takes Hovmöller diagrams of curvature vorticity at 700 hPa and uses object-orientated image processing to identify the propagating waves. We use the tracking to evaluate how well AEWs are captured by the MetUM in comparison to ERA-Interim reanalysis and GPCP rainfall data. The waves are inspected from a dynamical perspective and also from a rainfall-coupling perspective. The results show that the MetUM is able to capture AEW features at weather forecasting and climate time-scales and has reasonable representation of the large-scale dynamics. Some rainfall coupling to waves is also captured in the forecasts. However, it is found that the rainfall enhancement due to wave passage is underestimated by the models, as is the strength and frequency of AEWs. Potential causes of forecast deficiency are investigated and both resolution and changes to convective parametrisation are found to have impacts on model performance. The implications for future model development over Africa are discussed and it is suggested that good convection representation within models is of key importance to realistic simulations of AEWs and their coupling to West African rainfall. Copyright © 2013 British Crown copyright, the Met Office. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
    Print ISSN: 0035-9009
    Electronic ISSN: 1477-870X
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Published by Wiley
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Preliminary planning has been performed to support NASA/Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) in the coordination of the field experiment to be conducted in Central Tennessee, Northern Alabama, and Mississippi during the Spring/Summer of 1986. The goal of Satellite Precipitation and Cloud Experiments (SPACE) is to investigate mesoscale cloud/precipitation systems and development of associated satellite remote sensing technology. The field program will incorporate remote sensing observations from aircraft, satellite imagery, radar observations, ground based lightning measurements, rawinsonde observations, and various surface meteorological observations. The coordination of existing and special observation networks will provide a data base for analysis of precipitation events and provide ground truth comparisons for remote sensing capabilities. Existing surface-based observational networks include National Weather Service Meso/Alpha Scale Rawinsonde, radar, and surface measurements; the Tennessee Valley Authority automated and manual precpitation recording stations; and NASA/MSFC lightning measurement stations. Special observational features to be implemented include a meso/beta scale rawinsonde network, a special surface observational network within the rawinsonde network, and the installation of a RADAP II/ICRAD data processing unit on the National Weather Service radar at Nashville, TN. Initial coordination of these observational requirements to accomplish the goals of SPACE have been performed.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center NASA(MSFC FY-85 Atmospheric Processes Research Review; 2 p
    Format: text
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: An interface to several meteorological and hydrological databases have been developed that enables researchers efficiently to access and interrelate data through a customized menu system. By extending a relational database system with object-oriented concepts, each user or group of users may have different 'views' of the data to allow user access to data in customized ways without altering the organization of the database. An application to COHMEX and WetNet, two earth science projects within NASA Marshall Space Flight Center's Earth Science and Applications Division, are described.
    Keywords: DOCUMENTATION AND INFORMATION SCIENCE
    Format: text
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: During the period June to July 1986, NASA conducted the Satellite Precipitation and Cloud Experiment (SPACE) in the central Tennessee, northern Alabama, and northeastern Mississippi area. In addition to SPACE, the Microburst and Severe Thunderstorm (MIST) Program, sponsored by the National Science Foundation, and the FAA-Lincoln Laboratory Operational Weather Study (FLOWS) sponsored by the Federal Aviation Administration, operated concurrently under the acronym of COHMEX (Cooperative Huntsville Meteorological Experiment). The COHMEX field program incorporated measurements from remote sensors flown on high altitude aircraft (ER-2 and U-2), Doppler and conventional radars, rawinsondes, satellites, cloud physics research aircraft, and various surface observational systems.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: NASA-TM-4006 , NAS 1.15:4006
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: General weather conditions, including synoptic maps, radar reports, satellite photographs, precipitation areas and amounts, and a summary of severe weather reports are presented. These data provide researchers a preliminary look at conditions during the AVE-SESAME 3 period.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: NASA-TM-78282
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Preliminary information on data collected, synoptic conditions, and severe and unusual weather reported during the AVE-SESAME 2 period is presented. The information provides researchers a preliminary look at conditions during the AVE-SESAME 2 period.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: NASA-TM-78280
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The rawinsonde sounding program for the AVE-SESAME II experiment is described. Data at 25 mb intervals from the surface to 25 mb for the 23 National Weather Service and 19 special stations participating in the experiment are presented. Soundings were taken at 3 hr intervals beginning at 1200 GMT on April 19, 1979, and ending at 1200 GMT on April 20, 1979 (nine sounding times). The method of processing is discussed briefly, estimates of the rms errors in the data presented, an example of contact data given, reasons given for the termination of soundings below 100 mb, and soundings listed which exhibit abnormal characteristics.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: NASA-TM-78281
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Preliminary information on the general weather conditions during the AVE-SESAME 1 period is presented together with a summary of severe weather reports.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: NASA-TM-78262
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Seven atmospheric variability experiments (AVE), two atmospheric variability and severe storms experiments (AVSSE), and six atmospheric variability experiment-severe environmental storm and mesoscale experiments (AVE-SESAME) conducted by NASA are discussed. The dates, observation times, and data reports for each of the experiments for which data was processed are listed. The AVE experiments were conducted primarily to study atmospheric variability with emphasis on spatial and temporal in atmospheric structure that can be detected from soundings taken at 3 hr intervals but not seen in soundings taken at 12 hr intervals. The AVSSE experiments were conducted to study atmospheric structure and variability associated with severe storms combining both rawinsonde and aircraft data to provide information on near storm environments. The method of processing is discussed, estimates of the rms errors in the data are presented, an example of contact data is given, and soundings are listed which exhibited abnormal characteristics.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: NASA-TM-78256
    Format: application/pdf
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