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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On locally normal states in quantum statistical mechanics (1969)
    Springer
    Communications in mathematical physics 11 (1969), S. 183-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A sufficient condition is given in order that a von Neumann algebra with cyclic vector is quasi-standard. With the help of this result it is proved that a locally normal state with a cyclic and separating vector in the representation space gives rise to a quasi-standard von Neumann algebra. Furthermore it is proved that the representation space determined by a locally normal state in the G.N.S. construction is separable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01645805
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A revaluation of the Kansas mast influence on measurements of stress and cup anemometer overspeeding (1980)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 18 (1980), S. 411-430 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract For the 1968 Kansas atmospheric surface-layer experiment, a supplementary analysis is made of the evaluation procedure. Available data on the ratio of wind speeds measured on separate booms show a variation with wind direction which is too large for an open mast. Actually the Kansas mast appears to have carried a bulky array of apparatus at the sonic anemometer levels. It is shown that the air flow interference caused by this obstacle can be satisfactorily estimated by way of potential flow calculations. From these it follows that the sonic anemometer measurements probably have undervalued the free-flow eddy stress by 20% to 30%, which implies that the simultaneous drag plate measurements of stress were generally correct. Also the overestimation of the mean wind speed by the Kansas cup anemometer is found to have been 6% rather than 10%. Some Kansas evaluation results are amended accordingly. The von Kármán constant is found to be 0.41 rather than 0.35, and the near-adiabatic eddy diffusivity ratio K H /K M becomes 1.0 rather than 1.3. The flux-gradient relations (Businger et al., 1971) after similar revision no longer differ significantly from those obtained elsewhere.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00119497
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of three methods for determining strong wind stress over Lake Flevo (1974)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 7 (1974), S. 3-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The drag coefficient C d (10 m) at the center of shallow Lake Flevo (20-km diam) is evaluated for wind speeds u between 5 and 15 m s−1 independently by three methods. Trivane measurements of eddy-correlation fluxes agree with eddy flux data available for moderate wind speeds from other sites, and can together be represented by C d(10 m) = 0.0007 μ0.3. Additional evaluations of water-surface slope give C d(10 m) ≈ 0.0024, indicating that the stress at the water-surface level may not be entirely accounted for by eddy-correlation measurements well above the waves. Neither the eddy-correlation stress, nor the water-surface stress appears to be accurately estimable from profile measurements of wind, temperature and humidity analyzed without regard to sea state, if u 〉 10 m s−1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224969
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A boundary-layer model for the determination of hourly surface wind characteristics in a representative tropical African region (1988)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 45 (1988), S. 325-353 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A quantative transposition model is introduced which determines hourly wind speeds in a representative tropical region (Central Sudan). The model consists of two parts. Firstly, a local boundary-layer model, based on the energy balance equation and the Businger-Dyer equations, is used to compute the average diurnal cycle of various characteristic boundary-layer parameters. Secondly, a horizontal transposition method is introduced to calculate wind speed behaviour at an arbitrary station from that at a reference station. This method is based on assumed spatial constancy of the turbulence parameter u * in the period November–April in a region of about (700 × 800) km2 in Central Sudan. The constancy of u * is concluded from the very stationary character of the climate. Model-computed hourly wind speeds are consistent with the potential wind speeds (at 10 m over open country) calculated from the measured data, and provide better local wind estimates than the conventional procedure which assumes constant regional hourly wind speeds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00124007
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gust factors over open water and built-up country (1973)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 3 (1973), S. 424-441 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Data are presented of the gust factorG =u max/ū, both at 8-m height over a lake and up to 80-m height at the edge of a town. It is argued that, due to the presence of trends in long-period averages, the use of arithmetic or least-squareG-averages leads to overestimation of the dependence ofG on wind speedu, and medianG-values are preferable. A simple non-spectral model for gustiness at high wind speeds in the constant-stress layer is proposed and checked. The model relatesG to surface roughness and height above surface for gust wavelengths up to ≈ 200 m. The gust factor concept is shown to be inadequate for characterizing thunderstorm gustiness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01034986
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A meteorological 80-m tower near Rotterdam (1970)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 1 (1970), S. 5-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Construction, observation site and instrumentation are described of an 80-m meteorological observation tower, erected in Vlaardingen, The Netherlands, for studies in connection with air pollution problems along the Nieuwe Waterweg. From measurements made regularly in the period April 1967–April 1968 summaries are given of wind profile parameters and gustiness averages. Case histories are presented of an air pollution episode lasting several days, and of an hourly average wind direction difference of 120 ° over 70 m.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00193901
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reply (1982)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 22 (1982), S. 251-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00118259
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tilt errors and precipitation effects in trivane measurements of turbulent fluxes over open water (1972)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 2 (1972), S. 406-426 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract For 390 ten-minute samples of turbulent flux, made with a trivane above a lake, the vertical alignment is determined within 0.1 ° through azimuth-dependent averaging. One degree of instrumental misalignment is found to produce an average tilt error of 9 ± 4% for momentum flux, and 4 ± 2% for heat flux. The tilt error in the vertical momentum flux depends mainly ons u/u*, and cannot be much diminished with impunity by high-pass pre-filtering of the turbulence signals. The effects of rain on trivane measurements of vertical velocity are shown to be negligible at high wind speeds, and adaptable to correction in any case. The normalized vertical velocity variance,s w/u*, appears to be proportional to the square root ofz/L for unstable stratification. For a wind speed range of 2 to 15 m s−1, the eddy correlation stresses measured at 4- and 8-m heights can be reasonably well estimated by using a constant drag coefficientC d=1.3 X 10-3, while cup anemometer profile measurements give an overestimate of eddy stress at high wind speeds. A good stress estimate is also obtained from the elevation variance; it is suggested that trivane measurement of this variance might be made from a mobile platform, e.g., a moderately stabilized spar buoy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00821545
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Atmospheric boundary layer research at Cabauw (1996)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 78 (1996), S. 39-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract At Cabauw, The Netherlands, a 213 m high mast specifically built for meteorological research has been operational since 1973. Its site, construction, instrumentation and observation programs are reviewed. Regarding analysis of the boundary layer at Cabauw, the following subjects are discussed: - terrain roughness; - Monin-Obukhov theory in practice; - the structure of stable boundary layers; - observed evolution of fog layers; - inversion rise and early morning entrainment; - use of the geostrophic wind as a predictor for wind profiles; - height variation of wind climate statistics; - air pollution applications: long range transport and short range dispersion; - dependence of sound wave propagation on boundary-layer structure; - testing of weather and climate models.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00122486
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    96. Droplet Breakup in the Emulsification of non-Newtonian Fluids (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 66 (1994), S. 1217-1217 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330660997
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