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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Swimming performance of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) after nitrite exposure (1985)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 34 (1985), S. 754-760 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01609803
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
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    Treadmill exercise within lower-body negative pressure attenuates simulated spaceflight-induced reductions of balance abilities in men but not women (2016)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-30
    Electronic ISSN: 2373-8065
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Springer Nature
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 3
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    Swimming performance of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) after nitrite exposure (1985)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0007-4861
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0800
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 4
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    Human cutaneous vascular responses to whole-body tilting, Gz centrifugation, and LBNP (2004)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: We hypothesized that gravitational stimuli elicit cardiovascular responses in the following order with gravitational stress equalized at the level of the feet, from lowest to highest response: short-(SAC) and long-arm centrifugation (LAC), tilt, and lower body negative pressure (LBNP). Up to 15 healthy subjects underwent graded application of the four stimuli. Laser-Doppler flowmetry measured regional skin blood flow. At 0.6 G(z) (60 mmHg LBNP), tilt and LBNP similarly reduced leg skin blood flow to approximately 36% of supine baseline levels. Flow increased back toward baseline levels at 80-100 mmHg LBNP yet remained stable during 0.8-1.0 G(z) tilt. Centrifugation usually produced less leg vasoconstriction than tilt or LBNP. Surprisingly, SAC and LAC did not differ significantly. Thigh responses were less definitive than leg responses. No gravitational vasoconstriction occurred in the neck. All conditions except SAC increased heart rate, according to our hypothesized order. LBNP may be a more effective and practical means of simulating cardiovascular effects of gravity than centrifugation.
    Keywords: Aerospace Medicine
    Type: Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) (ISSN 8750-7587); Volume 96; 6; 2153-60
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Lower-body negative-pressure exercise and bed-rest-mediated orthostatic intolerance (2002)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: PURPOSE: Supine, moderate exercise is ineffective in maintaining orthostatic tolerance after bed rest (BR). Our purpose was to test the hypothesis that adding an orthostatic stress during exercise would maintain orthostatic function after BR. METHODS: Seven healthy men completed duplicate 15-d 6 degrees head-down tilt BR using a crossover design. During one BR, subjects did not exercise (CON). During another BR, subjects exercised for 40 min.d(-1) on a supine treadmill against 50-60 mm Hg LBNP (EX). Exercise training consisted of an interval exercise protocol of 2- to 3-min intervals alternating between 41 and 65% (.)VO(2max). Before and after BR, an LBNP tolerance test was performed in which the LBNP chamber was decompressed in 10-mm Hg stages every 3 min until presyncope. RESULTS: LBNP tolerance, as assessed by the cumulative stress index (CSI) decreased after BR in both the CON (830 +/- 144, pre-BR vs 524 +/- 56 mm Hg.min, post-BR) and the EX (949 +/- 118 pre-BR vs 560 +/- 44 mm Hg.min, post-BR) conditions. However, subtolerance (0 to -50 mm Hg LBNP) heart rates were lower and systolic blood pressures were better maintained after BR in the EX condition compared with CON. CONCLUSION: Moderate exercise performed against LBNP simulating an upright 1-g environment failed to protect orthostatic tolerance after 15 d of BR.
    Keywords: Aerospace Medicine
    Type: Medicine and science in sports and exercise (ISSN 0195-9131); Volume 34; 9; 1446-53
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    Do vestibular otolith organs participate in human orthostatic blood pressure control? (2002)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: We hypothesized that vestibular otolith organ stimulation contributes to human orthostatic responses. Twelve subjects underwent three 60 degrees upright tilts: (1) with the neck flexed from 0 degrees to 30 degrees relative to the body during 60 degrees tilt, such that the head moved from horizontal to 90 degrees above horizontal (0 to 1 Gz otolith stimulation); (2) with the head and body aligned, such that they tilted together to 60 degrees (0 to 0.87 Gz otolith stimulation); and (3) with the neck flexed 30 degrees relative to the body during supine conditions, and the neck then extended to -30 degrees during 60 degrees body tilting, such that the head remained at 30 degrees above horizontal throughout body tilting (constant 0.5 Gz otolith stimulation). All three tilt procedures increased thoracic impedance, sympathetic nerve activity (N = 8 of 12), arterial pressure, and heart rate relative to supine conditions (all P 〈 0.04). Within the first 20 s of tilt, arterial pressure increased most obviously in the 0 to 1 Gz otolith condition. Thoracic impedance tended to increase more in otolith-constant conditions, but no dependent variable differed significantly between tilt conditions, and no significant time x tilt interactions emerged. Otolith inputs may contribute to early transient adjustments to orthostasis. However, lack of significant main effects of tilt condition and time x tilt interactions suggests that potential otolith effects on the variables we studied are relatively subtle and ephemeral, or that other mechanisms compensate for a lack of change in otolith input with orthostasis.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical (ISSN 1566-0702); Volume 100; 1-2; 77-83
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    Development of exercise devices to minimize musculoskeletal and cardiovascular deconditioning in microgravity (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The paper describes three exercise devices, developed at the NASA-Ames Research Center, for maintaining musculoskeletal and cardiovascular fitness in astronauts during extended space flights. These devices represent the following exercise concepts: (1) exercise against LBNP, (2) instrumented dynamic interlimb resistance, and (3) multiple resistive exercise. The three devices complement each other to provide the aerobic and strength training exercises for different situations. All three devices permit eccentric, concentric, and isometric contractions for a variety of exercises.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: Physiologist, Supplement (ISSN 0031-9376); 34; 1, Fe; S-189
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Physiologic Pressure and Flow Changes During Parabolic Flight (Pilot Study) (1999)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Description: The objective of this study was to obtain measurement of cutaneous tissue perfusion central and peripheral venous pressure, and esophageal and abdominal pressure in human test subjects during parabolic flight. Hemodynamic data recorded during SLS-I and SLS-2 missions have resulted in the paradoxical finding of increased cardiac stroke volume in the presence of a decreased central venous pressure (CVP) following entry in weightlessness. The investigators have proposed that in the absence of gravity, acceleration-induced peripheral vascular compression is relieved, increasing peripheral vascular capacity and flow while reducing central and peripheral venous pressure, This pilot study seeks to measure blood pressure and flow in human test subjects during parabolic flight for different postures.
    Keywords: Aerospace Medicine
    Type: KC-135 and Other Microgravity Simulations; 11-13; NASA/CR-1999-208922
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Dynamic inter-limb resistance exercise device for long-duration space flight (1991)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Essential for fitness on Earth, resistive exercise is even more important for astronauts, who must maintain muscle and bone strength in the absence of gravity. To meet this need, designers and scientists at NASA Ames Research Center, Life Science Division, have worked to develop more effective exercise devices for long-duration exposure to microgravity. One of these concepts is the Inter-Limb Resistance Device which allows the subject to exercise one limb directly against another, strengthening muscle groups in the arms, legs, and back. It features a modular harness with an inelastic cable and instrumented pulley. Forces similar to other high resistance exercise equipment are generated. Sensors in the pulley measure force and velocity for performance feedback display and data acquisition. This free-floating apparatus avoids vibration of sensitive experiments on board spacecraft. Compact with low mass, this hardware is also well suited for a 'safe haven' from radiation on board Space Station Freedom, and may prove useful in confined environments on Earth, such as Antarctic stations, submarines, and other underwater habitats. Potential spin-offs of this technology include products for personal strengthening and cardiovascular conditioning, rehabilitation of hospital patients, fitness exercise for the disabled, and retraining after sports injuries.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: NASA, Washington, Technology 2001: The Second National Technology Transfer Conference and Exposition, Volume 2; p 533-537
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    Lower body negative pressure to provide load bearing in space (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Results are presented from an experiment to determine whether lower body negative pressure (LBNP) produces a footward force equal to the product of the pressure differential and body cross-sectional area at the waist seal. Twelve male volunteers were sealed at the superior iliac crest in upright and supine LBNP chambers. Each subject was exposed to 10 mm Hg increments of LBNP up to 70 mm HG (standing) or to 50-100 mm Hg (supine), depending upon individual tolerance. Static reaction force was measured at each LBNP level for about 1-2 min. The forces measured during LBNP agreed well with forces calculated from the cross-sectional areas of the subjects' waists. It is inferred from these results that exercise in microgravity against 100 mm Hg LBNP could produce static and inertial forces similar in magnitude to those occurring on earth. It is concluded that this gravity-independent technique can help maintain the musculoskeletal and cardiovascular systems of crew members during prolonged exposure to microgravity.
    Keywords: AEROSPACE MEDICINE
    Type: Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine (ISSN 0095-6562); 62; 934-937
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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