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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 57 (1986), S. 2168-2170 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Experimental studies have been conducted on the changes in x-ray diffraction properties of crystals under intense subnanosecond laser heating. One beam of the PHOENIX laser system was used to create an intense source of x-ray line radiation. This radiation was, in turn, diffracted from a silicon crystal that was heated with the other beam of the laser. The diffracted radiation was temporally resolved with an x-ray streak camera. The diffracted lines are observed to broaden on a subnanosecond time scale. From the temporal structure of the diffracted radiation, information is derived on the nature of the laser heating process. We show that such interruption of the diffracting process is a potentially useful mechanism for x-ray switching and shuttering. Considerations for the design and construction of such devices are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 8 (2001), S. 704-712 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A Floquet-based solution of the equations governing the two plasmon decay (TPD) instability which is valid over a range of plasma densities is presented. The capability to include a large number of modes allows the validity of conventional fluid-based analytic solutions at densities differing from quarter-critical to be assessed. The conventional assumptions are upheld in the absence of a magnetic field, however, it is shown that the extra modes have a significant effect once a static magnetic field is present in the plasma. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 64 (1994), S. 3542-3544 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Generation of 10-mm-long homogeneous plasmas with densities above 1020 cm−3 is reported. The plasma parameters are simply controlled by varying the discharge voltage. High homogeneity was achieved by using a long rectangular expansion channel made out of a high thermal conductivity alloy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 2055-2058 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We present images of the source of extreme ultraviolet (XUV) harmonic emission at a wavelength of 220 Å from the interaction of a 20 TW, 1.053 μm Nd:glass laser beam focused to intensities up to 4×1018 W cm−2 onto a solid target. From these measurements we determine an upper limit to the source size and brightness of the harmonic emission to show its efficacy as a novel source of short-pulse, coherent XUV radiation. We also demonstrate the empirical scaling of the harmonic generation efficiency with irradiance up to 1019 W μm2 cm−2, and extrapolate to estimate the possible source brightness at higher irradiances. These source brightnesses are compared to those available from an x-ray laser system. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 4531-4534 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Shock waves of order 100 kbar were launched into 50-μm-thick single crystals of silicon (111) by irradiation with nanosecond pulses of 1.05-μm laser light at irradiances in the region of 2×1010 W cm−2. A separate laser beam, synchronous but delayed with respect to the shock-driving beam, and containing approximately 25 J of 0.53-μm laser light in a pulse of 1 ns (FWHM), was focused to a tight (〈100 μm) spot on a separate titanium target to produce a plasma which was a prolific source of He-like Ti x rays. The x rays were Bragg diffracted from the rear surface of the shocked crystal and the spectrum recorded on an x-ray streak camera. Changes in interatomic spacings in a region within several microns of the surface were thus deduced from the resultant shift in Bragg angle with a temporal resolution of 50 ps. Shock waves with compressions of order 6% were observed. We observed the crystal in a state of dynamic tension as the two rarefaction waves met. The results are in good agreement with hydrocode simulations in conjunction with x-ray diffraction calculations.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The transfer of radiation through plasmas with large velocity gradients is of relevance to several astrophysical situations, such as supernova explosions, maser operation, and stellar winds. Similar conditions often prevail in laser-produced plasmas, with velocity gradients of order 109 s−1 significantly altering the effective optical depth and line shape. Some of the simplest cases to study experimentally are the hydrogenic resonance lines. Experiments performed in both planar and cylindrical geometry, comparing the observed line profiles with those modeled using a one-dimensional Lagrangian hydrocode, incorporating average-atom nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium (non-LTE) atomic physics are described. The opacity effects on the ion populations are treated within the escape factor approximation, taking into account the effects of the velocity gradient. The hydrocode gives time- and space-dependent values of the electron and ion densities, excited state fractions, electron and ion temperatures, and velocities. The hydrodynamic output is post-processed with a radiative transfer routine to construct the simulated line shape. Details of the experiments and results are presented, and relevance to the astrophysical situations discussed. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The fast ignitor scheme for inertial confinement fusion requires forward driving of the critical density surface by light pressure (hole boring) to allow energy deposition close to the dense fuel. The recession velocity of the critical density surface has been observed to be v/c=0.015 at an irradiance of 1.0×1019 W cm−2 at a wavelength of 1.05 micron, in quantitative agreement with modeling. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 8 (2001), S. 4357-4366 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A solution for the gain rates and plasmon frequencies of the two plasmon decay instability is obtained using a fluid-kinetic model. This work is of relevance to high temperature, short-pulse laser plasma interactions where appreciable instability is expected in regions of plasma where the phase velocity of the electrostatic waves may not be assumed to be much larger than the thermal velocity of the electrons. The model is evaluated by comparing its results for the stimulated Raman scattering process with a fully kinetic treatment. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 3234-3243 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A vertical dispersion variant of the double-crystal spectrometer (DCV), which has been successfully used to study radiative transport in plasmas with large velocity gradients, is described. The full theory of the instrument is presented with particular reference to distortion of the spectral lines observed. The main characteristics of the DCV were computed by ray tracing procedures and compared with experiment. Due to its extremely high dispersion, the DCV minimizes geometric apparatus smearing, the distortion of the spectra is negligible a high spectral resolution (typically several thousand or better) can be achieved at relatively small source-to-detector distances. The instrument provides two sets of spectra with one-dimensional spatial resolution at the level of 10 μm, and its sensitivity to relative positions and shifts of the spectral lines may be estimated as one part in 105. The very high precision in wavelength determination, both absolute and relative, combined with an acceptable luminosity make this spectrometer especially useful for ultrahigh-resolution spectroscopy of laser-produced plasmas. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 64 (1993), S. 26-30 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A double-crystal x-ray spectrometer (DCS) has been used to obtain high-resolution x-ray spectra of laser-produced plasmas. The DCS has a high dispersion, and thus can obtain highly resolved spectra in circumstances where the resolution of a conventional single-crystal Bragg spectrometer at comparable source-to-detector distances would be limited by the source size. In addition the DCS also yields unit-magnification one-dimensional spatial resolution in the direction perpendicular to the spectral direction. The instrument produces two spectra symmetrically disposed about a central wavelength, which makes it especially useful for measuring spectral line shifts. Analysis of the spectra from hydrogenic aluminium and helium-like chlorine indicates a resolving power (λ/Δλ) greater than 2500 and a spatial resolution better than 30 μm.
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