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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ultradeep Carbonate Gas Reservoirs : Reservoir Characteristics and Percolation Mechanism (2023)
    Singapore :Springer Nature Singapore :
    Details
    Keywords: Geotechnical engineering. ; Geophysics. ; Cogeneration of electric power and heat. ; Fossil fuels. ; Fluid mechanics. ; Industrial engineering. ; Production engineering. ; Energy policy. ; Energy and state. ; Geotechnical Engineering and Applied Earth Sciences. ; Geophysics. ; Fossil Fuel. ; Engineering Fluid Dynamics. ; Industrial and Production Engineering. ; Energy Policy, Economics and Management.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Reservoir Characteristics, Storage and Percolation Capacities of Ultradeep Carbonate Gas Reservoirs -- Chapter 2: Percolation Mechanism of Ultradeep Carbonate Gas Reservoir -- Chapter 3: Stress Sensitivity Characteristics of Ultradeep Carbonate Gas Reservoir -- Chapter 4: Gas Production Characteristics of Ultradeep Carbonate Gas Reservoir.
    Abstract: This book provides a systematical investigation on the reservoir characteristics and percolation mechanism of ultradeep carbonate gas reservoirs, including reservoir characteristics and classification, gas storage and percolation capacities, gas-phase and gas-water two-phase percolation mechanism, microscale complex gas-water relationship, reservoir sensitivity characteristics, and gas production characteristics of heterogeneous carbonate reservoirs. Some advanced and improved experimental techniques and analytical methods are introduced and applied, including comprehensive evaluation technique of storage and percolation capacities, ultra-high temperature and pressure physical simulation experiment technique, microscopic visualization technique based on CT scanning and microelectronics lithography, and physical simulation technique for heterogeneous reservoir development. In addition, it summarizes strategies for the efficient development of ultradeep carbonate gas reservoirs based on these theoretical research results. The key techniques and methods introduced in this monograph satisfy the need for efficient development of ultradeep carbonate gas reservoirs and provide theoretical basis and methodological value for investigations on similar gas reservoirs. This book serves as a reference for engineering technical professionals, researchers, and graduate students who are engaged in the exploration and development of carbonate gas reservoirs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XV, 325 p. 194 illus., 191 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9789811997082
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9708-2
    DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-9708-2
    DDC: 624.151
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Groundwater overexploitation in the North China Plain: A path to sustainability (2022)
    Singapore :Springer Nature Singapore :
    Details
    Keywords: Water. ; Hydrology. ; Sustainability. ; Environmental monitoring. ; Soil science. ; Water. ; Sustainability. ; Environmental Monitoring. ; Soil Science.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1 Introduction -- Chapter 2 Policy options of over-pumping control in the NCP -- Chapter 3 Cropping choices and farmers’ options -- Chapter 4 Decision support for local water authorities in Guantao County -- Chapter 5 Way forward.
    Abstract: Over-pumping of aquifers is a worldwide problem, mainly caused by agricultural water use. Among its consequences are the falling dry of streams and wetlands, soil subsidence, die-off of phreatophytic vegetation, saline water intrusion, increased pumping cost and loss of storage needed for drought relief. Stopping or reversing the trend requires management interventions. The North China Plain serves as an example. A management system is set up for a typical county. It contains three components: monitoring, decision support based on modelling, and implementation in the field. Besides all monitoring data, the decision support module contains an irrigation calculator, a box model, and a distributed groundwater model to project the outcomes of different water allocation scenarios. In view of grain security, a solution combines an adaptation of the cropping system with imports of surface water from the South. The Open Access book does not only describe the problem and the path to its solution. It also gives access to nine manuals concerning methods used. They include computer programs and the game Save the Water. The Chinese experience should be of considerable interest to other regions in the world which suffer from over-pumping of aquifers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVIII, 157 p. 98 illus., 89 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9789811658433
    Series Statement: Springer Water,
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5843-3
    DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-5843-3
    DDC: 551.48
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor Expressed in Sf9 Insect Cells by Baculovirus (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 34 (1995), S. 8061-8075 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00025a012
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Desmethionine alkylamide bombesin analogs: a new class of bombesin receptor antagonists with potent antisecretory activity in pancreatic acini and antimitotic activity in Swiss 3T3 cells (1990)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 29 (1990), S. 616-622 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00455a004
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A New Silver-Based Graded Composite as Electrical Contact Material (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 336-338 (Apr. 2007), p. 2616-2618 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Silver metal oxides (Ag/MeO) are extensively used as electrical contact materials in switchingsystems. A contact material with ideal operating parameters is very difficultly fabricated by conventionalmanufacturing techniques. In this paper, a new electrical contact material characterized by gradeddistributions of different oxides in Ag matrix was fabricated in order to optimize the distributions ofoperating parameters in material bulk instead of to enhance synchronously properties of that on contactsurface. Two selected metal oxides, NiO and SnO2, were doped into Ag matrices, of which one surfacelayer NiO 12wt% was doped and another SnO2 12wt%, and the concentrations of NiO and SnO2 werevaried gradually in bulk. The electrical contact test results show that the average operating number of NiOdoped surface layer of graded Ag composite as contact surface is 4600 under 20A current and 220V ACvoltage without melted welding while that of samples doped uniformly with NiO is 2200 under the sametesting conditions. However, the average loss of mass due to arc erosion of graded samples is higher thanthat of uniform samples. We conclude that the functionally graded material (FGM) concept has potentialapplication for electric contact materials
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/54/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.336-338.2616.pdf
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study on Ramie Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Composites (RF-PP) and its Mechanical Properties (2008)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 41-42 (Apr. 2008), p. 313-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Natural fiber reinforced polypropylene composites (NF/PP) have attracted a lot ofattention because of their light weight, good mechanical properties, recyclable and environmentalfriendly features. This work has successfully fabricated ramie fiber reinforced polypropylenecomposites (RF/PP) with a hybrid method of melt-blending and injection molding. Different RF/PPeco-materials have been fabricated by varying the fiber length, fiber content and way of fiberpre-treatment. This paper studied the mechanical properties of the fabricated RF/PP composites indepth by investigating the mechanical behaviors of RF/PP and microstructures of the rupturedsurfaces. The results show that the increases of fiber length and fiber content can improve thetensile strength, flexural strength and compression strength apparently, but result in negativeinfluences on the impact strength and elongation behaviors of RF/PP composites. The optimaladdition amount of ramie fiber is around 20 wt%. The pre-treatment of ramie fiber in 10%~15%NaOH is good to the mechanical properties of RF/PP. The fiber length can be varied in the range of3-8 mm. It is expected that the fabricated RF/PP composites can be applied to automobile industryas environmental friendly eco-materials
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/40/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FAMR.41-42.313.pdf
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biocompatibility of Cerium Oxide Films Synthesized by Dual Plasma Deposition (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 330-332 (Feb. 2007), p. 749-752 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Cerium oxide films have been fabricated using dual plasma deposition. X-ray diffraction.(XRD) reveals a crystalline phase and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) shows that La existspredominantly in the +4 oxidation state. The activated partial thromboplastin time is longer than thatof blood plasma and stainless steel. Furthermore, the numbers of adhered, aggregated andmorphologically changed platelets are reduced compared to low-temperature isotropic carbon(LTIC). HUVEC cells exhibit good adhesion and proliferation behavior on cerium oxide films. Thisstudy suggests rare earth oxide films are potential blood-contacting biomedical materials
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/53/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.330-332.749.pdf
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of a Fine-Grained AZ31 Magnesium Alloy Prepared by Equal Channel Angular Pressing (2008)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 584-586 (June 2008), p. 754-758 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A fine-grained magnesium alloy AZ31was obtained through equal channel angularpressing (ECAP).Mechanical properties and the microstructures after deformation under tensionand compression were investigated. The tensile strength, compressive strength and the elongation tofailure of the fine-grained AZ31 are enhanced due to the reduction of grain size. The compressiveultimate strain (CUS) of the fine-grained AZ31 magnesium alloy is lower than that of the initialstate due to the formation of shear bands during compression. The ECAP processed AZ31magnesium alloy exhibited no tension/compression asymmetry in yielding
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/19/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.584-586.754.pdf
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of atomic disorder or chain length on the stability of photoinduced polarization inversion (2002)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 116 (2002), S. 6760-6763 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The effect of atomic disorder or chain length on the stability of photoinduced polarization inversion has been studied. The atomic disorder was simulated by square-random or Gaussian-random model. It was found that for the square-random distribution case, photoinduced polarization inversion remains steadily when atomic disorder is less than 〈fraction SHAPE="CASE"〉18a (a is the lattice constant of polyacetylene), the reversion polarization disappears and gets into normal polarized state when the disorder is stronger than over 〈fraction SHAPE="CASE"〉18a. The reason of a normal polarization resulted from the strong lattice disorder was discussed. The relationship between the reverse polarization of biexciton state and the confinement constant te as well as the variation of chain length was also studied. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1461364
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Change of bond length in free-energy simulations: Algorithmic improvements, but when is it necessary? (1994)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 100 (1994), S. 9129-9139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Various methods are compared for calculating the constraint free energy in simulations with change of bond lengths. Bond forces can be evaluated as restraint forces with the use of flexible bonds, and also, when bond lengths are held fixed, as constraint forces calculated either from SHAKE displacements, or else from Gauss' principle of least constraint, and these forces can then be used to calculate the potential of mean force or free energy for the bond length changes. An alternative is to use so-called mean-potential forces. Analysis of the equations derived from Gauss' principle shows that the constraint force (and also the restraint force) contain a "dynamic'' term, that depends on the molecular motion and for simple molecules averages to 2 kT/r, where r is the bond length. Integration of this term, which is not present with use of the mean-potential force, or in a Monte Carlo simulation, gives a free energy that corresponds to the change in conformational entropy of two particles maintained at a certain distance, when this distance is changed. It is unnecessary to compute this free energy term by simulation, as was done in earlier work. The accuracy and precision of these methods, and of methods in which the bond lengths do not change, are tested in a series of model calculations of increasing complexity. First, the equivalence of these methods is tested in a model system with small molecules whose motion is maintained by Brownian dynamics, and which can be subjected to very simple external forces, in order to permit very long simulations.Second, a comparison is made of techniques for calculating free energy change with and without change of bond lengths, applied to the transformation of ethane into ethanol in water. A third test system is the conversion of an alanine residue into a serine residue in an α-helix in water. It is found that results are much improved if the "vanishing'' atoms (in this case hydroxyl O and H) are coupled to a heat bath via Brownian forces. Statistical errors are estimated from four successive slow-growth simulation cycles. Calculations with twofold change of C–O and O–H bond lengths and linear coupling of the nonbonded energy terms are more precise than calculations without change of bond lengths and nonlinear coupling. The free energy change for the system with flexible bonds contains a significant contribution (circa 3 kJ mol−1) from elongation of the bond lengths as a result of interaction of the polar OH group with water. The constraint forces calculated from the SHAKE displacements and from Gauss' principle turn out to be almost identical. The three methods for calculating the constraint forces achieve similar precision in the ethane/ethanol system as well as in the α-helix system. We also discuss the application of free energy calculations with changing bond lengths to changes of a molecule's chemistry in the middle of a chain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.466667
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