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  • 1
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Microbial Ecosystems of Antarctica (1988)
    Cambridge [u.a.] : Cambridge Univ. Press
    Associated volumes
    Details Availability
    Call number: AWI Bio-89-0410
    In: Studies in Polar research
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 303 S. : Abb., Diagr. ; 25 cm
    ISBN: 0521328756
    Series Statement: Studies in Polar research
    Branch Library: AWI Library
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  • 2
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    High latitude limnology : [proceedings of the First High Latitude Limnology Symposium, held Feb. 8 - 14, 1987, during the 23rd congress of the Societas Internationalis Limnologiae in Hamilton, New Zealand] (1989)
    Dordrecht [u.a.] : Kluwer Acad. Publishers
    Associated volumes
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    Call number: AWI G4-92-0251
    In: Developments in hydrobiology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Preface / by W. F. Vincent and J. C. Ellis-Evans. - RIVERS AND STREAMS Filamentous green algae in freshwater streams on SignyIsland, Antarctica / by I. Hawes. - The effects of nutrient limitation and stream discharge on the epilithic microbial community in an oligotrophic Arctic stream / by M. A. Hullar and J. R. Vestal. - Microbial communities in southern Victoria Landstreams (Antarctica) I. Photosynthesis / by C. Howard-Williams and W. F. Vincent. - Microbial communities in southern Victoria Landstreams (Antarctica) II. The effects of low temperature / by W. F. Vincent and C. Howard-Williams. - Nitrogen dynamics in two antarctic streams / by C. Howard-Williams, J. C. Priscu and W. F. Vincent. - Benthic algal biomass and productivity in high subarctic streams, Alaska / by J. D. LaPerriere, E. E. Van Nieuwenhuyse and P. R. Anderson. - Broadscale patterns in the distribution of aquatic and terrestrial vegetation at three ice-free regions on Ross Island, Antarctica / by P. A. Broady. - Community structure of benthic invertebrates in interior Alaskan (USA) streams and rivers / by M. W. Oswood. - Variability of macroinvertebrate community composition in an arctic and subarctic stream / by M. C. Miller and J. R. Stout. - Geochemical processes in the Lake Fryxell Basin (Victoria Land, Antarctica) / by W. J. Green, T. J. Gardner, T. G. Ferdelman, M. P. Angle, L. C. Varner and P. Nixon. - LAKES AND PONDS. - Some aspects of iron cycling in maritime antarctic lakes / by J. C. Ellis-Evans and E. C. G. Lemon. - Nitrogen cycling in Arctic lakes and ponds / by V. Alexander, S. C. Whalen and K. M. Klingensmith. - Photon dependence of inorganic nitrogen transport by phytoplankton in perennially ice-covered Antarctic lakes / by J. C. Priscu. - Patterns of energy storage in Pseudoboeckella poppei (Crustacea, Copepoda) from two contrasting lakes on SignyIsland, Antarctica / by A. Clarke, J. C. Ellis-Evans, M. W. Sanders and L. J. Holmes. - Tundra ponds of the Yukon Delta, Alaska, and their macroinvertebrate communities / by J. A. Maciolek. - Vertical distributions of a planktonic harpacticoid and a calanoid (Copepoda) in a meromictic Antarctic lake / by I. A. E. Bayly and D. Eslake. - Physico-chemical characteristics and origin of hypersaline meromictic Lake Garrow in the Canadian High Arctic / by M. Ouellet, M. Dickman, M. Bisson and P. Page. - Meromixis in an Antarctic fjord; a precursor to meromictic lakes on an isostatically rising coastline / by J. B. Gallagher, H. R. Burton and G. E. Calf. - Chemical characteristics of pond waters in the Labyrinth of southern Victoria Land, Antarctica / by T. Torii, S. Nakaya, O. Matsubaya, G. I. Matsumoto, N. Masuda, T. Kawano and H. Murayama. - Biogeochemical study of organic substances in Antarctic lakes / by G. I. Matsumoto. - Vertical distribution of organic constituents in an Antarctic lake: Lake Fryxell by G. I. Matsumoto, K. Watanuki and T. Torrii. - Perennially ice-covered Lake Hoare, Antarctica: physical environment, biology, and sedimentation by R. A. Wharton Jr, G. M. Simmons Jr and C. P. McKay. - Geographical index. - Map index.
    Description / Table of Contents: Scientific interest in the Antarctic continues to accelerate and limnological research in the area is expanding accordingly. Continued commercial exploitation of mineral resources in the Arctic and the potential for similar developments in the Antarctic have heightened environmental concern and the need for ecological information. This volume brings together limnologists from both polar zones to draw attention to the distinctive features that high latitude aquatic ecosystems have in common, and to the marked contrasts between and within each zone. Twenty-two papers encompass a broad range of new research including the unique geochemistries, insect and zooplankton dynamics, algal community structure and growth characteristics, and microbial ecology of high latitude lakes and rivers. The volume will be a reference source for limnologists and other environmental scientists with an interest in high latitude waters, and for those involved in environmental impact assessments in Antarctica or the Arctic.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 322 S. : graph. Darst.
    ISBN: 9061936608
    Series Statement: Developments in hydrobiology 49
    Branch Library: AWI Library
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of climate change relative to ozone depletion on UV exposure in subarctic lakes (2000)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 404 (2000), S. 484-487 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The effect of stratospheric ozone depletion on increases in ambient levels of solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation in high-latitude regions has raised concerns about the response of northern ecosystems to environmental change. The concentration of coloured dissolved organic material, which is ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35006616
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antarctic stream ecosystems: physiological ecology of a blue-green algal epilithon (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Freshwater biology 16 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2427
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SUMMARY. 1. Several dozen summer meltwater streams are located in the McMurdo Sound region (c. 78°S 165°E) of southern Victoria Land. They are characterized by a highly variable flow regime at diel, seasonal and annual times caleis; wide fluctuations in temperature and nutrient content; and a very simple epilithic community of cyanophytes (Nostoc spp., Oscillatoriaceae), bacteria, fungi and microherbivores.2. The epilithon survives the dark Antarctic winter as dry, frozen mats which provide a large inoculum for growth the following summer. This overwintering assemblage retains a high metabolic capacity and responds rapidly to rehydration.3. In a series of artificial substrate experiments, biomass accumulation rates were generally less than 0.1 In units d−1. Colonization and growth on the substrates was inversely related to the suspended sediment load of the stream. There was also a visual correspondence between per cent algal cover of the natural streambed and the clarity of the streamwater. Sloughing losses may limit community biomass, particularly in the turbid flowing waters.4. During running water conditions the mature communities had very low gross photosynthetic rates per unit chlorophyll (〈0,1 μg C (μg chl a.h)−1 and per unit carbon (〈0,2 μg C (mg biomass C.h)−1). Respiration was generally a high percentage (up to 92%) of gross photosynthesis, which probably reflected the high population densities of microheterotrophs in the community.5. The floristically simple epilithic mats slowly accumulate to extreme biomass levels (〉20 μg chl a cm −2, 〈20 mg C cm−2). Production rates per unit biomass are low, probably in response to the cold temperatures of the Antarctic stream environment, and the accumulated biomass represents several seasons of growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.1986.tb00966.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photosynthetic capacity measured by DCMU-induced chlorophyll fluorescence in an oligotrophic lake (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Freshwater biology 11 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2427
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SUMMARY. Wastwater (English Lake District) was sampled at monthly intervals over 1 year to compare the seasonal and vertical extents of floristic and physiological variation in an oligotrophic phytoplankton assemblage. Cellular photochemical capacity (CPC) was measured by in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence before and after addition of the photosynthetic inhibitor 3(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethyl urea (DCMU). The CPC index proved useful to define an activity coefficient for the chlorophyll levels measured in boiling methanol extracts. Large variations in CPC over time or depth were generally correlated with major shifts in phytoplankton species composition. Highest CPC values were recorded during autumnal mixing. Both CPC and floristic composition of the community demonstrated as great a variation over depth during a period of stratification as that recorded over time throughout the year. These observations emphasize the multi-canopy structure of the Wastwater phytoplankton community in summer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.1981.tb01242.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deep-water aquatic plant communities in an oligotrophic lake: physiological responses to variable light (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Freshwater biology 33 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2427
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: 1. Oligotrophic Lake Waikaremoana, New Zealand, is used for hydroelectric power generation and the lake levels are manipulated within an operating range of 3 m. There was concern that rapidly changing water levels adversely affected the littoral zone by decreasing light availability in two ways: local turbidity caused by shoreline erosion at low water levels; and decreased light penetration to the deep littoral zone caused by high water levels in summer.2. The littoral zone was dominated by native aquatic plants with vascular species to 6 m and a characean meadow below this to 16 m. The biomass and heights of the communities in the depth zone 0–6 m were reduced at a site exposed to wave action relative to those at a sheltered site. However, the community structure below 6 m was similar at exposed and sheltered sites. The lower boundary of the littoral zone was sharply delimited at 16 m and this bottom boundary remained constant throughout the year despite large seasonal changes in solar radiation and the 3 m variation in lake level.3. There was evidence that the deep-water community consisting of Chara corallina had adapted physiologically to low-light conditions. Net light saturated photosynthesis (CO2 exchange) per unit chlorophyll a (Chl a) was reduced to 1.7 μg C (μg Chl a)−1 h−1 at the lower boundary, half of that recorded at 5 m. The concentration of Chi a per gram of biomass (dry weight), was considerably greater at the lower boundary than higher in the profile [c. 7 mg Chl a (g dry wt)−1 at 16 m vs. 4 mg Chl a (g dry wt)−1 at 5 m]. Chl b also increased with depth and there was no change in the ratio of Chl a and Chl b with increasing depth. The saturation light intensity (Ik) of the community at the lower boundary was only 78 μmol photons m−2 s−1. Photosynthetic parameters (Ik and α) as well as the Chl a content remained relatively constant throughout the seasonal and short-term changes in radiation.4. The photosynthetic characteristics of the littoral community were therefore not greatly affected by the lake level change caused by the present hydroelectric operations. However, the sharpness of the lower boundary and its extreme shade characteristics imply that the deep-water community would be sensitive to any further changes in underwater light availability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.1995.tb00389.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of temperature and ultraviolet radiation on microbial foodweb structure: potential responses to global change (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Freshwater biology 40 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2427
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: 1. A series of growth experiments were conducted with natural plankton communities from a lake and river in northern Quebec, to evaluate the response of microbial foodweb structure to changes in ambient temperature and solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR).2. Bioassays were incubated for 6 days at two temperatures (10 and 20 °C) and three near-surface irradiance conditions [photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) + UVA + UVB, PAR + UVA, and PAR only).3. The concentration of total bacteria showed no net response to temperature, but the percentage of actively respiring bacteria, as measured with the cellular redox probe5-cyano-2,3-ditolyl tetrazolium chloride (CTC), was up to 57% higher at 20 °C relative to 10 °C. Chlorophyll a concentrations in the 〈 2 μm size fraction also reacted strongly to temperature, with a net increase of up to 61% over the temperature range of 10–20 °C.4. The UVR effects were small or undetectable for most of the measured variables; however, the percentage of actively respiring bacteria was significantly inhibited in the presence of UVR at 20 °C, decreasing by 29–48% on day 6 in the lake experiments and by 59% on day 2 in one river experiment.5. The results show differential sensitivity to temperature among organisms of microbial communities in subarctic freshwaters, and a resilience by the majority of micro-organisms to their present UVR conditions. Microbial foodwebs in northern freshwaters appear to be relatively unresponsive to short-term (days) changes in UVR. However, the observed responses to temperature suggest that climate change could influence community structure, with warmer temperatures favouring picoplanktonic phototrophs and heterotrophs, and a shift in nanoplankton species composition and size structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2427.1998.00361.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Community and pigment structure of Arctic cyanobacterial assemblages: the occurrence and distribution of UV-absorbing compounds (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 28 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Three groups of cyanobacterial communities were widely distributed in the benthic environment of lakes, ponds and streams on Ellesmere Island and Cornwallis Island in the Canadian High Arctic: (1) sheets or spherical colonies of Nostoc (up to 20 mm diameter); (2) biofilms up to 7 mm thick, dominated almost exclusively by Oscillatoria; (3) microbial mats up to 8 mm thick containing several taxa, particularly Scytonema and Phormidium. The abundance of heterocystous genera (communities 1 and 3) implies that N2 fixation plays an important role in the nitrogen economy of these ecosystems. Most of the communities were rich in pigments absorbing in the UV-blue end of the spectrum, such as scytonemin and mycosporine-like amino acids. Spectroradiometric analyses of sections of the communities showed that short wavelength radiation did not reach the bottom layer where phycobiliprotein-rich cells were located. This lower community experienced low irradiance in the photosynthetically active radiation band (400–700 nm), restricted to the wavelengths of the yellow-red waveband (550–650 nm). The surface screening of high energy wavelengths may confer an adaptive advantage to these communities which grow under continuous light during the polar summer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1999.tb00586.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extremotrophs, extremophiles and broadband pigmentation strategies in a high arctic ice shelf ecosystem (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 53 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Remnant ice shelves along the northern coast of Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada (83°N) provide a habitat for cryo-tolerant microbial mat communities. Bioassays of bacterial and primary production were undertaken to quantify the short-term physiological response of the mats to changes in key variables that characterize this cryo-ecosystem (salinity, irradiance and temperature). The heterotrophic versus autotrophic community responses to these stressors differed markedly. The heterotrophic bacteria were extremophilic and specifically adapted to ambient conditions on the ice shelf, whereas the autotrophic community had broader tolerance ranges and optima outside the ambient range. This latter, extremotrophic response may be partly due to a diverse suite of pigments including oligosaccharide mycosporine-like amino acids, scytonemins, carotenoids, phycobiliproteins and chlorophylls that absorb from the near UV-B to red wavelengths. These pigments provide a comprehensive broadband strategy for coping with the multiple stressors of high irradiance, variable salinity and low temperatures in this extreme cryo-environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.femsec.2004.11.001
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Implications of ozone depletion for surface-water photochemistry: Sensitivity of clear lakes (1997)
    Springer
    Aquatic sciences 59 (1997), S. 260-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9055
    Keywords: Key words: Hydrogen peroxide, dissolved organic carbon, ultraviolet radiation, ozone depletion, climate change, lakes.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Increased ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B) in aquatic ecosystems brought about by stratospheric ozone depletion may result in increased formation rates of photochemical reaction products in the surface waters of aquatic ecosystems. In this study, the potential impact of increases in lower wavelength radiation on the formation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and singlet oxygen (1O2) was modelled for lakes over a range of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations. The impact of increased UV-B radiation on the production of carbon monoxide (CO) was also calculated for two humic stained systems. The relative increases of H2O2 and 1O2 production were greater in the clear lakes (70 % increase in photochemical reaction rates near the surface) than the coloured systems (25 %). Production of CO in the study sites also increased under depleted ozone conditions implying increased DOC losses to the overlying atmosphere.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000270050012
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