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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative alterations in the structure of the digestive cell of Littorina littorea on exposure to cadmium (1989)
    Springer
    Marine biology 103 (1989), S. 547-553 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effects of sublethal concentrations of cadmium (Cd) on the morphology of the digestive gland of the periwinkle Littorina littorea have been investigated using a planimetric procedure. Five planimetric parameters were recorded (mean epithelial thickness: MET; mean diverticular radius: MDR; mean luminal radius: MLR; MLR/MET and MET/MDR) and tested by diverse statistical methods. The results indicate that MET is depressed after long exposures at high Cd concentrations whilst MLR increases. Variations in MDR have been attributed to different conditions in the tissues surrounding digestive tubules, and are not-significant in relation to the treatment. However, certain increases might be significant due to the presence of parasites or hemocyte proliferation. The ratios MLR/MET and MET/MDR are highly sensitive, and can be expressed as statistical functions of metal concentration and exposure time. Combination of these five planimetric parameters is reliably indicative of the structural changes occurring in the digestive gland of molluscs under conditions of environmental stress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00399587
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Responses of some tropical and subtropical cultures to endomycorrhizal fungi (1995)
    Springer
    Mycorrhiza 5 (1995), S. 213-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1890
    Keywords: Arbuscular mycorrhiza ; Avocado Banana ; Papaya ; Pineapple
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract This paper reports the effects under green-house and field conditions of four arbuscular-mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on the growth and nutrition of some tropical and subtropical crops of economic importance in the Canary Islands (Spain) whose mycorrhizal dependency was unknown. Avocado (Persea americana Mill.), papaya (Carica papaya L.), pineapple (Ananas comosus (Merr.) L.) and banana (Musa acuminata Colla) were highly responsive to the mycorrhizal condition when the AM inoculum was Glomus sp. endophytes. Under our experimental conditions, Glomus fasciculatum was the most effective fungus at improving plantlet growth and nutrition. Acaulospora sp. was ineffective and Scutellospora was only effective with banana. The data clearly show the advantage of mycorrhization during the first phase of development of the plant system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00203340
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Responses of some tropical and subtropical cultures to endomycorrhizal fungi (1995)
    Springer
    Mycorrhiza 5 (1995), S. 213-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1890
    Keywords: Key words Arbuscular mycorrhiza ; Avocado ; Banana ; Papaya ; Pineapple
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  This paper reports the effects under greenhouse and field conditions of four arbuscular-mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on the growth and nutrition of some tropical and subtropical crops of economic importance in the Canary Islands (Spain) whose mycorrhizal dependency was unknown. Avocado (Persea americana Mill.), papaya (Carica papaya L.), pineapple (Ananas comosus (Merr.) L.) and banana (Musa acuminata Colla) were highly responsive to the mycorrhizal condition when the AM inoculum was Glomus sp. endophytes. Under our experimental conditions, Glomus fasciculatum was the most effective fungus at improving plantlet growth and nutrition. Acaulospora sp. was ineffective and Scutellospora was only effective with banana. The data clearly show the advantage of mycorrhization during the first phase of development of the plant system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005720050062
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The superstructure of chromatin and its condensation mechanism (1986)
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 13 (1986), S. 157-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: Synchroton radiation ; chromatin superstructure ; chromatin condensation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Synchroton radiation X-ray scattering experiments have been performed on chicken erythrocyte chromatin fibres over a wide range of ionic conditions and on various states of the fibres (i.e. “native” in solution in gels and in whole nuclei; chromatin depleted of the H1 (H5) histones and chromatin with bound ethidium bromide). A correlation between the results obtained with the various chromatin preparations provides evidence for a model according to which at low ionic strength the chromatin fibre already possesses a helical superstructure, with a diameter comparable to that of condensed chromatin, held together by the H1 (H5) histone. The most significant structural modification undergone upon an increase of the ionic strength is a reduction of the helix pitch, this leads to condensation in a manner similar to the folding of an accordion. The details of this process depend on whether monovalent or divalent cations are used to raise the ionic strength, the latter producing a much higher degree of condensation. Measurements of the relative increase of the mass per unit length indicate that the most condensed state is a helical structure with a pitch around 3.0–4.0 nm. In this paper we give a detailed presentation of the experimental evidence obtained from static and time-resolved scattering experiments, which led to this model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00542560
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The superstructure of chromatin and its condensation mechanism (1987)
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 14 (1987), S. 307-319 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: Chromatin ; synchrotron radiation ; ultracentrifugation ; viscosity ; modelling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Solutions of rat liver and chicken erythrocyte chromatin at different ionic strngths were characterized by synchrotron X-ray solution scattering, ultracentrifugation, density and viscosity measurements. Previous observations on nuclei were extended to rat liver, calf thymus and yeast nuclei. It is shown that with monovalent cations condensation is independent of the nature of the cation whereas with divalent cations there are significant differences related to the preference of base binding over phosphate binding. The consistency of hydrodynamic and scattering results confirm the view that chromatin in solution at low ionic strength has a helix-like superstructure. A survey of X-ray and neutron scattering results in the literature shows that previous interpretations, e.g. in terms of a 10 nm filament, are incompatible with the experimental data at low resolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00254896
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The superstructure of chromatin and its condensation mechanism (1986)
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 13 (1986), S. 175-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: Chromatin superstructure ; chromatin condensation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Model calculations on the superstructure of uncondensed and condensed chromatin are presented. It is found that agreement between the calculated X-ray solution scattering patterns and the experimental observations can be reached with the assumptions that: a) The uncondensed chromatin fibre in solution has a helix-like structure, with a pitch of ca. 33.0 nm, a helical diameter of ca. 20.0 nm and 2.75–3.25 nucleosomes per turn. b) The most condensed state of the chromatin fibre in solution is best represented by a helix-like structure with ca. 2.56 nucleosomes per turn, a pitch of ca. 3.0 nm and a helical diameter of ca. 27.0 nm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00542561
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The superstructure of chromatin and its condensation mechanism (1987)
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 15 (1987), S. 133-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: X-ray solution scattering ; synchrotron radiation ; chicken erythrocyte chromatin ; rat liver chromatin ; micrococcal nuclease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Changes in the structure of chicken erythrocyte chromatin fibres at low ionic strength resulting from enzymatic digestion, thermal denaturation and binding of Netropsin and Distamycin were monitored by synchrotron X-ray solution scattering. Digestion with micrococcal nuclease confirms the previous assignment of the 0.05 nm-1 band to an interference between nucleosomes with an average distance of 23 nm. The results of thermal denaturation indicate that above 40°C there is a progressive increase of the internucleosomal distance and that above 60°C the characteristic structure of the chromatin fibre is destroyed. Binding of Netropsin and Distamycin also results in an increase of the internucleosomal distance which can be estimated to correspond to about 0.2 nm/mol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00263677
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Methionine Supplementation on Nitrogen Balance in Infants Fed a Low-Cost Soy-Oats Formula (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 50 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A nitrogen balance study, comparing a low-cost soy-oats infant formula with and without supplemental methionine, was carried out with infants of ages 3 - 26 months at a single equivalent level of nitrogen intake (approximately 850 mg/kg/day). Nitrogen retention was found to be unaffected by methionine supplementation. Com- parison of data obtained in this study with previous research re- vealed that a critical value for intake of total L-sulfur amino acids apparently exists in infants 3 - 26 months of age, below which methionine supplementation will increase nitrogen retention, but above which it will not. This value appears to coincide with that of 49 mg/kg/day recommended for infants by the FNB.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1985.tb13454.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of Whole Amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus) Flour, Its Air-Classified Fractions, and Blends of These with Wheat and Oats as Possible Components for Infant Formulas (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 51 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Whole amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus) seed flour, its air-classified fractions and extruded blends of these with wheat and oats were studied with the purpose of evaluating their potential as components in the development in infant formulas. Proximal chemical analyses, mineral content, fatty acid composition of lipid fractions, amino acid analyses and Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER) and Net Protein Retention (NPR) values were obtained for all raw materials, as well as for 50:50 and 60:40 blends of these with oats and wheat. The 50:50 and 60:40 blends of whole amaranth, as well as of the protein-rich air-classified fraction, were found to be highly suitable for utilization in infant formulas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1986.tb13092.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Binding of the anti-inflammatory steroid deflazacort to glucocorticoid receptors in brain and peripheral tissues. In vivo and in vitro studies
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    The @Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 49 (1994), S. 43-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 0960-0760
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0960-0760(94)90299-2
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