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Western Pacific Air-Sea Interaction Study (2014)

Uematsu, Mitsuo ; Yokouchi, Yoko ; Watanabe, Yutaka W. ; [et al.]

Tokyo : TERRAPUB

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Keywords: dynamics of atmospheric composition ; variability of gas exchanges at the air-sea interface ; dynamics of the marine ecosystem ; modelling of the interaction between the ocean and the atmosphere

Description / Table of Contents: A01: Dynamics of Atmospheric Composition --- A Study on the Production and Emission of Marine-Derived Volatile Halocarbons / Y. Yokouchi, A. Ooki, S. Hashimoto and N. Itoh / pp. 1-25. doi:10.5047/w-pass.a01.001 --- Measurements of Gaseous Peroxides in the Oceanic Lower Atmosphere / S. Hatakeyama and T. Akatsuka / pp. 27-31. doi:10.5047/w-pass.a01.002 --- Phase Partitioning of NH3 and Gas to Particle Conversion / K. Osada / pp. 33-36. doi:10.5047/w-pass.a01.003 --- New Particle Formation of Marine Aerosols / K. Miura, H. Furutani, Y. Iwamoto, K. Nagano, H. Kobayashi, M. Mochida, H. Mukai, S. Hashimoto, M. Takami and M. Uematsu / pp. 37-41. doi:10.5047/w-pass.a01.004 --- A Study of the Chemical Processes in Aerosols and Their Impacts on the Environment Using X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy / Y. Takahashi, M. Higashi, T. Furukawa, T. Miyoshi, M. Fujiwara and M. Uematsu / pp. 43-50. doi:10.5047/w-pass.a01.005 --- Variability in Mineral Dust Deposition over the North Pacific and Its Potential Impact on the Ocean Productivity / H. Fukushima / pp. 51-60. doi:10.5047/w-pass.a01.006 --- Atmosphere-Ocean Interaction through Atmospheric Aerosol Particles Observed in a Single Nanoparticle Aspect / H. Furutani, J. Jinyoung and M. Uematsu / pp. 61-69. doi:10.5047/w-pass.a01.007 --- Simultaneous Measurements of Hygroscopic Property and Cloud Condensation Nucleus Activity of Aerosol Particles of Marine Biogenic Origin / M. Mochida / pp. 71-81. doi:10.5047/w-pass.a01.008 --- Eruption of Mt. Kilauea Impacted Cloud Droplet and Radiation Budget over North Pacific / I. Uno, K. Eguchi and K. Yumimoto / pp. 83-87. doi:10.5047/w-pass.a01.009 --- A02: Variability of Gas Exchanges at the Air-Sea Interface --- High-Resolution Measurement of Volatile Organic Compounds Dissolved in Seawater Using Equilibrator Inlet-Proton Transfer Reaction-Mass Spectrometry (EI-PTR-MS) / Hiroshi Tanimoto, Sohiko Kameyama, Yuko Omori, Satoshi Inomata and Urumu Tsunogai / pp. 89-115. doi:10.5047/w-pass.a02.001 --- Study of the Production Processes of Marine Biogenic Methane and Carbonyl Sulfide Using Stable Isotope Analysis / S. Toyoda, K. Yamada, Y. Ueno, K. Koba and O. Yoshida / pp. 117-121. doi:10.5047/w-pass.a02.002 --- Long-Term Changes of Greenhouse Gases in the Ocean and Their Feedback Effects on the Climate / Yutaka W. Watanabe, Ichiro Yasuda and Nobuo Tsurushima / pp. 123-150. doi:10.5047/w-pass.a02.003 --- Temporal and Spatial Variations in Carbonate System and Air-Sea CO2 Flux in the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension / H. Yoshikawa-Inoue, T. Midorikawa and T. R. Takamura / pp. 151-161. doi:10.5047/w-pass.a02.004 --- A03: Dynamics of the Marine Ecosystem --- Bioavailability and Biogeochemical Processes of Trace Metals in the Surface Ocean / S. Takeda, H. Obata, A. Okubo, M. Sato and Y. Kondo / pp. 163-176. doi:10.5047/w-pass.a03.001 --- Detailed Variations in Bioactive Elements in the Surface Ocean and Their Interaction with Microbiological Processes / H. Ogawa, K. Kogure, J. Kanda, F. Hashihama and M. Suzumura / pp. 177-197. doi:10.5047/w-pass.a03.002 --- Photoheterotrophic Process in Surface Seawater Environments / K. Hamasaki, Y. Sato-Takabe, A. Taniguchi and Y. Tada / pp. 199-202. doi:10.5047/w-pass.a03.003 --- Ecological Study of Bacterial Populations Related to Biogenic Gas Transformation in Marine Environments / K. Hamasaki, R. Kaneko, A. Mouri, Y. Tada, N. Kasamatsu-Takasawa and I. Nagao / pp. 203-209. doi:10.5047/w-pass.a03.004 --- A04: Modelling of the Interaction between the Ocean and the Atmosphere --- Modeling for Evaluation and Prediction of Effects of Short-Term Atmospheric Disturbance on Air-Sea Material Cycling / M. Fujii and A. Tanaka / pp. 211-222. doi:10.5047/w-pass.a04.001 --- Relating Phytoplankton Pnysiology to North Pacific Biogeochemistry / S. Lan Smith, Maki N. Aita, Masahito Shigemitsu and Yasuhiro Yamanaka / pp. 223-235. doi:10.5047/w-pass.a04.002 --- Coupling of Physical and Bio-Geochemical Process and Monitoring Ocean Circulation Using Data Assimilation System / Y. Ishikawa, T. Awaji, M. Ikeda and T. Toyoda / pp. 237-241. doi:10.5047/w-pass.a04.003

Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 269 Seiten) , Illustrationen

ISBN: 9784887041653

URL: http://www.terrapub.co.jp/e-library/w-pass/

Language: English

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Exploring the sensitivity of interannual basin-scale air-sea CO2 fluxes to variability in atmospheric dust deposition using ocean carbon cycle models and atmospheric CO2 inversions (2010)

Patra, Prabir K. ; Moore, J. Keith ; Mahowald, Natalie M. ; [et al.]

American Geophysical Union

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Publication Date: 2022-05-25

Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2007. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research 112 (2007): G02012, doi:10.1029/2006JG000236.

Description: Estimates of sources/sinks of carbon dioxide (CO2) at the Earth's surface are commonly made using atmospheric CO2 inverse modeling, terrestrial and oceanic biogeochemical modeling, and inventory-based studies. In this study, we compare sea-air CO2 fluxes from the Time-Dependent Inverse (TDI) atmosphere model and the marine Biogeochemical Elemental Cycling (BEC) model to study the processes involved in ocean carbon cycling at subbasin scales. A dust generation and transport model, based on analyzed meteorology and terrestrial vegetation cover, is also used to estimate the interannual variability in dust and iron deposition to different ocean basins. Overall, a fairly good agreement is established between the TDI and BEC model results for the net annual patterns and seasonal cycle of sea-air CO2 exchange. Sensitivity studies with the ocean biogeochemical model using increased or reduced atmospheric iron inputs indicate the relative sensitivity of air-sea CO2 exchange. The simulated responses to changes in iron inputs are not instantaneous (peak response after ∼2−3 years). The TDI model derived seasonal cycles for the Southern Ocean (South Atlantic) are better matched by the BEC model by increasing (decreasing) iron inputs through atmospheric aerosols. Our results suggest that some of the interannual variability in TDI model air-sea CO2 fluxes during the past decade may be explainable by dust variability that relaxes/increases iron limitation in high-nitrate, low-chlorophyll (HNLC) ocean regions.

Description: S. C. Doney and N. Mahowald acknowledge support from NASA grant NNG05GG30G. J. K. Moore was funded by NSF grant OCE-0452972.

Keywords: CO2 ocean flux ; Sources/sinks inversion ; Ocean biogeochemistry

Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server

Type: Article

Format: application/pdf

Format: text/plain

Format: application/postscript

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Study of continental material transported through the atmosphere to the oeean (1987)

Uematsu, Mitsuo

Springer

Journal of oceanography 43 (1987), S. 395-401

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ISSN: 1573-868X

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Geosciences

Notes: Abstract I am deeply honored to have been selected as a recipient of the 1987 Okada Prize by the Oceanographical Society of Japan. The present paper reviews my work and recent studies of other investigators concerning mineral aerosol (dust) particles in the marine atmosphere over the Pacific Ocean. I would like to emphasize the importance of atmospheric deposition of continental substances to the ocean environment. From consecutive measurements of atmospheric dust concentrations and total deposition fluxes at 13 island stations in the Pacific Ocean, a strong seasonal transfort pattern of dust particles was found at most of the stations. High atmospheric dust concentrations occurred during the spring in both hemispheres. There was a latitudinal gradient in both the atmospheric dust concentration and flux, with the highest values observed at midlatitudes. When combined with observations of dust storms in Asia and isentropic trajectory analysis, it was clear that the dust over the central North Pacific was transported by the upper westerly winds from the arid desert regions in central and eastern Asia. Transport times were 1–2 weeks, and in some cases, atmospheric transport paths of over 10,000 km were observed. Infrequent short-term dust events contributed most of annual atmospheric dust flux to the open ocean. These sporadic inputs are major sources for both suspended mineral matter in the water column and the non-biogenic component of deep-sea sediments in the Pacific Ocean. The impact of atmospheric dust fluxes on chemical and biological processes in the water column remains to be determined.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02109292

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Deposition of atmospheric mineral particles in the North Pacific Ocean (1985)

Uematsu, Mitsuo ; Duce, Robert A. ; Prospero, Joseph M.

Springer

Journal of atmospheric chemistry 3 (1985), S. 123-138

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ISSN: 1573-0662

Keywords: Annual dust flux ; mineral aerosol ; North Pacific ; spatial distribution ; long-range transport ; Asian dust ; marine sediments

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences

Notes: Abstract Total deposition of atmospheric mineral particles (wet plus dry) has been measured during consecutive two-week sampling intervals from January, 1981 to March, 1982 at four island stations (Midway, Oahu, Enewetak, and Fanning) of the SEAREX Asian Dust Study Network in the North Pacific. The total deposition of mineral aerosol during the period from February to June is higher than that during the period from July to January at most of the stations. A systematic geographical trend is apparent in the dust flux, with greater fluxes at higher latitudes. The deposition values are correlated with the atmospheric mineral particle concentrations at these stations. The mineral particles are transported from arid regions in Asia to the North Pacific, and the annual dust deposition to the ocean appears to be dominated by sporadic dust events of short duration. Wet deposition dominates the removal of dust particles from the atmosphere over the North Pacific. The total deposition of atmospheric mineral material to the central North Pacific is estimated to be ∼20×1012 g yr-1.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00049372

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Scavenging of Insoluble Particles from the Marine Atmosphere over the Sub-Arctic North Pacific (2000)

Uematsu, Mitsuo ; Kinoshita, Katsumoto ; Nojiri, Yukihiro

Springer

Journal of atmospheric chemistry 35 (2000), S. 151-163

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ISSN: 1573-0662

Keywords: rain ; insoluble particle ; scavenging ; North Pacific

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences

Notes: Abstract Direct deposition measurements ofatmospheric insoluble particles over the sub-ArcticNorth Pacific indicate that the number of particles(6.4 ± 3.8) × 104 cm-2 per rain eventwas fairly constant compared with the large variationof the precipitation rate, which ranged from 0.16 to18 mm per event for 43 rain days during the period ofMarch–September (total 109 days) 1996. Thissuggests that insoluble particles larger than 0.4 μmin area equivalent diameter are primarilyremoved at the margin of the rainfall area by wetscavenging processes below clouds in the marineatmosphere in sub-Arctic regions. The frequency ofrain events controls the fate of the troposphericaerosols larger than sub-micrometer in diameter. Reflecting the seasonal long-range transport of Asiandust, mineral particles were dominant as insolubleparticles in the spring rains, but carbonaceousparticles were dominant in the summer rains. Theatmospheric deposition of insoluble particles could besignificant as a source of sediment particles over thesub-Arctic North Pacific.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006219028497

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Nitrate in the atmospheric boundary layer of the tropical South Pacific: Implications regarding sources and transport (1989)

Savoie, Dennis L. ; Prospero, Joseph M. ; Merrill, John T. ; [et al.]

Springer

Journal of atmospheric chemistry 8 (1989), S. 391-415

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ISSN: 1573-0662

Keywords: Nitrate ; marine aerosols ; South Pacific ; sources ; 210Pb ; 1Be ; non-sea-salt sulfate ; trajectories

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences

Notes: Abstract Weekly bulk aerosol samples collected at Funafuti, Tuvalu (8°30′S, 179°12′E), American Samoa (14°15′S, 170°35′W), and Rarotonga (21°15′S, 159°45′W), from 1983 through most of 1987 have been analyzed for nitrate and other constituents. The mean nitrate concentration is about 0.11 μg m−3 at each of these stations: 0.107±0.011 μg m−3 at Funafuti; 0.116±0.008 at American Samoa; and 0.117±0.010 at Rarotonga. Previous measurements of mineral aerosol and trace metal concentrations at American Samoa are among the lowest ever recorded for the near-surface troposphere and indicate that this region is minimally affected by transport of soil material and pollutants from the continents. Consequently, the nitrate concentration of 0.11 μg m−3 can be regarded as the natural level for the remote marine boundary layer of the tropical South Pacific Ocean. In contrast, over the tropical North Pacific which is significantly impacted by the transport of material from Asia and North America, the mean nitrate concentrations are about three times higher, 0.29 and 0.36 μg m−3 at Midway and Oahu, respectively. The major sources of the nitrate over the tropical South Pacific are still very uncertain. A very significant correlation between the nitrate concentrations at American Samoa and the concentrations of 210Pb suggests that transport from continental sources might be important. This continental source could be lightning, which occurs most frequently over the tropical continents. A near-zero correlation with 7Be indicates that the stratosphere and upper troposphere are probably not the major sources. A significant biogenic source would be consistent with the higher mean nitrate concentrations, 0.16 to 0.17 μg m−3, found over the equatorial Pacific at Fanning Island (3°55′N, 159°20′W) and Nauru (0°32′S, 166°57′E). The lack of correlation between nitrate and nss sulfate at American Samoa does not necessarily preclude an important role for marine biogenic sources.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00052712

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Seasonal and areal variation of continental aerosol in the surface air over the western North Pacific region (1985)

Tsunogai, Shizuo ; Suzuki, Toshitaka ; Kurata, Takayoshi ; [et al.]

Springer

Journal of oceanography 41 (1985), S. 427-434

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ISSN: 1573-868X

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Geosciences

Notes: Abstract Weekly aerosol samples were collected for two years from 1981 at six stations in the western North Pacific region. The samples were analyzed for aluminum to determine the mineral dust concentration in the air. By combining our data with observations in the central and eastern North Pacific by a US research group, the following results and conclusions have been obtained. Spring peaks in atmospheric mineral dust were observed at all the stations accompanied byKosa episodes (hazes due to mineral dust of Chinese origin). The spring peaks, however, varied from year to year. The mean concentration of mineral dust depends not only on the distance from the Asian coast but also on the latitude of the sampling station. The half-decrease distance of the atmospheric mineral dust turned out to be 500–600 km for all latitudes in the western North Pacific. This indicates that the rate of deposition of mineral dust in the western North Pacific is much larger than that in the central and eastern North Pacific.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02109036

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