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  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-773X
    Keywords: Bahadur ; belief network ; EM algorithm ; Mean-Field ; variational approximation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract We develop a new extension to the Mean-Field approximation for inference in graphical models which has advantages over other approximation schemes which have been proposed. The method is economical in its use of variational parameters and the approximating conditional distribution can be specified with direct reference to the dependence structure of the variables in the graphical model. We apply the method to sigmoid belief networks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 312 (1984), S. 381-382 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IN data analysis it is very satisfying when a useful technique, which has arisen in a more or less ad hoc manner, finds respectability as a manifestation of some formal theory. Skilling1 invokes this argument for using the maximum entropy method for data analysis. Experience that the procedure ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Statistics and computing 8 (1998), S. 145-158 
    ISSN: 1573-1375
    Keywords: Bounded likelihood ; identifiability ; Gibbs sampler ; non-informative prior ; normal distribution ; Poisson distribution ; prior feedback ; proper posterior distribution ; simulated annealing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract This paper synthesizes a global approach to both Bayesian and likelihood treatments of the estimation of the parameters of a hidden Markov model in the cases of normal and Poisson distributions. The first step of this global method is to construct a non-informative prior based on a reparameterization of the model; this prior is to be considered as a penalizing and bounding factor from a likelihood point of view. The second step takes advantage of the special structure of the posterior distribution to build up a simple Gibbs algorithm. The maximum likelihood estimator is then obtained by an iterative procedure replicating the original sample until the corresponding Bayes posterior expectation stabilizes on a local maximum of the original likelihood function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Statistics and computing 3 (1993), S. 61-65 
    ISSN: 1573-1375
    Keywords: Cross-correlation ; congruential generators ; uniform deviates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Systematic patterns are revealed when sequences of pseudo-random uniform deviates are generated from multiplicative congruential generators. If the initial seeds, x 0 and y 0, for two such sequences are related by y 0 = (n 1/n 2)x 0, where n 1 and n 2 are relatively prime, positive integers, then an approximate argument suggests that the asymptotic correlation coefficient between corresponding members of the two sequences is (n 1 n 2)−1. This unsettling phenomenon is discussed in the context of related, existing literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Statistics and computing 7 (1997), S. 11-17 
    ISSN: 1573-1375
    Keywords: Bandwidth ; bias ; compactly supported kernel ; kernel estimator ; mean squared error ; ridge parameter ; smoothing ; variance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Local linear curve estimators are typically constructed using a compactly supported kernel, which minimizes edge effects and (in the case of the Epanechnikov kernel) optimizes asymptotic performance in a mean square sense. The use of compactly supported kernels can produce numerical problems, however. A common remedy is ‘ridging’, which may be viewed as shrinkage of the local linear estimator towards the origin. In this paper we propose a general form of shrinkage, and suggest that, in practice, shrinkage be towards a proper curve estimator. For the latter we propose a local linear estimator based on an infinitely supported kernel. This approach is resistant against selection of too large a shrinkage parameter, which can impair performance when shrinkage is towards the origin. It also removes problems of numerical instability resulting from using a compactly supported kernel, and enjoys very good mean squared error properties.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Statistics and computing 9 (1999), S. 148-149 
    ISSN: 1573-1375
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Statistics and computing 9 (1999), S. 287-298 
    ISSN: 1573-1375
    Keywords: Coupling ; gamma decomposition ; Gibbs sampling ; monotonicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract This paper studies the implementation of the coupling from the past (CFTP) method of Propp and Wilson (1996) in the set-up of two and three component mixtures with known components and unknown weights. We show that monotonicity structures can be exhibited in both cases, but that CFTP can still be costly for three component mixtures. We conclude with a simulation experiment exhibiting an almost perfect sampling scheme where we only consider a subset of the exhaustive set of starting values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pattern analysis and applications 1 (1998), S. 248-260 
    ISSN: 1433-755X
    Keywords: EM algorithm ; Image restoration ; Iterated Conditional Modes ; Markov random fields ; Maximum pseudolikelihood ; Meanfield methods
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we compare two iterative approaches to the problem of pixel-level image restoration when the model contains unknown parameters. Pairwise interaction models are assumed to represent the local associations in the true scene. The first approach is a variation on the EM algorithm in which Mean-field approximations are used in the E-step and a variational approximation is used in the M-step. In the second approach, each iteration involves first restoring the image using the Iterated Conditional Modes (ICM) algorithm and then updating the parameter estimates by maximising the so-called pseudolikelihood. In addition, refinemenrs are made to the Mean-field approximation, and these are also used for restoration. The methods are compared empirically using both artificial and real noise-corrupted binary scenes. Within the comparisons the effects of using different convergence criteria for deciding when to stop the algorithms are also investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1435-926X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
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    Oxford University Press
    Publication Date: 2013-02-24
    Description: Highlights, trends and influences are identified associated with the pages of Biometrika subsequent to the editorship of Karl Pearson.
    Print ISSN: 0006-3444
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3510
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics , Medicine
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