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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2001-07-07
    Description: In the visual system, the establishment of the anteroposterior and dorsoventral axes in the retina and tectum during development is important for topographic retinotectal projection. We identified chick Ventroptin, an antagonist of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP-4), which is mainly expressed in the ventral retina, not only with a ventral high-dorsal low gradient but also with a nasal high-temporal low gradient at later stages. Misexpression of Ventroptin altered expression patterns of several topographic genes in the retina and projection of the retinal axons to the tectum along both axes. Thus, the topographic retinotectal projection appears to be specified by the double-gradient molecule Ventroptin along the two axes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sakuta, H -- Suzuki, R -- Takahashi, H -- Kato, A -- Shintani, T -- Iemura Si -- Yamamoto, T S -- Ueno, N -- Noda, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Jul 6;293(5527):111-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Molecular Neurobiology, National Institute for Basic Biology, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11441185" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alternative Splicing ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 ; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/*antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/metabolism ; Chick Embryo ; Cloning, Molecular ; Electroporation ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/cytology/metabolism ; Eye Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Gene Library ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; Mice ; Microinjections ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Morphogenesis ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; Precipitin Tests ; Protein Binding ; Protein Isoforms/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/analysis/genetics ; Retina/*embryology/*metabolism ; Sequence Alignment ; Surface Plasmon Resonance ; Xenopus Proteins ; Xenopus laevis/embryology/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 49 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: After stimulation in a hypotonic solution (9.4 mOsm kg−1), inseminated eggs of the chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta initiate cleavages in isotonic salmon Ringer's solution (267.3 mOsm kg−1) containing 3.2 mM Ca2+ ions. Blastomeres of these eggs, however, separate from each other and the enveloping layer is not observed at the blastula stage. An increase in external divalent cations rescues the separation; the concentration of CaCl2 in the external medium should be 25 mM or more to induce close contact of blastomeres and the formation of an enveloping layer in isotonic salt solutions. The effectiveness of Ca2+ ions can be substituted by Mg2+, Sr2+ and Zn2+ ions; the same results are obtained in isotonic MgCl2 and SrCl2 solutions (100 mM) or in isotonic salmon Ringer's solution containing Zn ions (6.2 mM). The close contact of blastomeres and the formation of an enveloping layer are also observed in a low Ca2+ concentration (〈 0.1 mM) in a hypotonic salt solution (9.4 mOsm kg−1). The Ca2+ level in the external medium to induce the enveloping layer formation seems to be correlated with the salinity of the incubation medium. It is suggested that adhesion molecules on the surface of blastomeres in the chum salmon eggs are different in properties from those found in sea urchin and other fish species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 40 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The fine structure of the egg envelope and micropyle was studied in unfertilized and developing eggs of the flounder Paralichthys olivaceus (Temminck & Schlegel), the Alaska pollack Theragra chalcogramma (Pallas), the Japanese tilefish Branchiostegus japonicus (Houttuyn) and the porgy Pagrus major (Temminck & Schlegel). The outer envelope surface of the unfertilized egg was wrinkled, while the inner surface was folded. The micropyle of the unfertilized egg consisted of a shallow vestibule and a distinct canal. The micropylar region of the inner surface of the envelope had a conical- or bowl-shaped protrusion. In developing eggs, the thickness of the envelope decreased and showed smooth outer and inner surfaces which indicated that it had been stretched tangentially at the time of the perivitelline space formation. The lumen of the micropylar canal was invariably occupied with envelope material. We postulate that the blockage of the micropylar canal is a result of the stretching of the envelope. The closure of the micropyle inhibits sperm and external pathogens from penetrating into the perivitelline space and seems to be involved in both the permanent prevention of polyspermy and the protection of the developing embryo from bacterial infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 42 (1993), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The micropylar canal of the chum salmon egg was almost completely closed following egg activation caused by incubation in a hypotonic salt solution (HSS) for I h. The closure occurred in both inseminated and parthenogenetically activated eggs. Incubation of isolated envelopes from non-activated eggs in HSS or perivitelline fluid (PVF) did not induce any modification in micropylar structure, indicating that normal organization of the egg is essential for inducing closure. To reduce the volume of the perivitelline fluid, the eggs were activated in PVF or HSS containing 8 mM Dextran, Although the envelope showed hardening, closure of the micropyle was not observed in these eggs. The wall of the micropylar canal, however, possessed a slightly rough surface. Following activation in a Ca-free hypotonic salt solution with 10 mM EDTA, hardening of the egg envelope was completely inhibited. Although such eggs possessed an apparent perivitelline space, neither closure of the micropylar canal nor roughening of the canal surface were detected. We conclude that the synergistic action of perivitelline turgor pressure and perivitelline material is responsible for the closure of the micropyle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2013-03-06
    Description: Long-term depression (LTD) commonly affects learning and memory in various brain regions. Although cerebellar LTD absolutely requires the δ2 glutamate receptor (GluD2) that is expressed in Purkinje cells, LTD in other brain regions does not; why and how cerebellar LTD is regulated by GluD2 remains unelucidated. Here, we show that...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2012-03-17
    Description: Author(s): M. D’Angelo, R. Yukawa, K. Ozawa, S. Yamamoto, T. Hirahara, S. Hasegawa, M. G. Silly, F. Sirotti, and I. Matsuda Surface metallization of SrTiO 3 (001) by hydrogen adsorption is experimentally confirmed for the first time by photoemission spectroscopy and surface conductivity measurements. The metallic state is assigned to a quantized state in the space-charge layer induced by electron doping from hydrogen atoms... [Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 116802] Published Fri Mar 16, 2012
    Keywords: Condensed Matter: Electronic Properties, etc.
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2016-10-18
    Description: An injection barrel was designed and fabricated for a small size 0.8 mm cryogenic pellet with a low speed of 200-300 m/s in medium-sized plasma fusion devices. Pellet injection with pneumatic acceleration was examined using a conventional in situ technique. A tapered structure was applied in the downstream side of the injection barrel to satisfy the requirement of pellet speed reduction by expansion of the propellant gas. Shadowgraph and light gate measurements show that the intact pellets have speeds of 260 ± 30 m/s and a typical size of 1.1-1.2 mm. The pellet ablation code based on a neutral gas shielding model shows that the penetration depth of the measured pellet parameters does not cross the plasma center, even in medium-sized plasma devices such as the Heliotron J helical device. The injection barrel with a tapered structure developed in this study is feasible for low speed pellet injection.
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2017-01-05
    Description: Major advancements have recently been made in mass spectrometry-based proteomics, yielding an increasing number of datasets from various proteomics projects worldwide. In order to facilitate the sharing and reuse of promising datasets, it is important to construct appropriate, high-quality public data repositories. jPOSTrepo ( https://repository.jpostdb.org/ ) has successfully implemented several unique features, including high-speed file uploading, flexible file management and easy-to-use interfaces. This repository has been launched as a public repository containing various proteomic datasets and is available for researchers worldwide. In addition, our repository has joined the ProteomeXchange consortium, which includes the most popular public repositories such as PRIDE in Europe for MS/MS datasets and PASSEL for SRM datasets in the USA. Later MassIVE was introduced in the USA and accepted into the ProteomeXchange, as was our repository in July 2016, providing important datasets from Asia/Oceania. Accordingly, this repository thus contributes to a global alliance to share and store all datasets from a wide variety of proteomics experiments. Thus, the repository is expected to become a major repository, particularly for data collected in the Asia/Oceania region.
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
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