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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential gene expression during interactions between Heterobasidion annosum and Physisporinus sanguinolentus (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 241 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Using mRNA differential display we have identified differentially expressed genes in non-self-interacting vs. single mycelia of the conifer pathogen Heterobasidion annosum and the wood decomposing basidiomycete Physisporinus sanguinolentus. Altogether 39 differentially displayed bands were cloned and sequenced, corresponding to 21 unique genes, which were confirmed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR to be differentially expressed. Further confirmation of differential gene expression was made by real time RT-PCR. All 10 genes identified from P. sanguinolentus had lower expression, while in H. annosum three genes had higher and eight lower expression in non-self-interacting mycelia vs. single mycelia. One of the induced genes showed high similarity to the Coprinus cinereus recA/RAD51 homolog (rah1) which is essential for homologous recombination, DNA repair and stress responses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.femsle.2004.10.007
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fungal modification of the hydroxyl radical detector coumarin-3-carboxylic acid (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 46 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The feasibility of using coumarin-3-carboxylic acid (3-CCA) for detection of hydroxyl radicals in pure cultures of wood-decaying fungi was tested. Fungi were incubated on a 3-CCA-containing medium. The transformation of 3-CCA to the fluorescent hydroxyl radical detector substance 7-hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxylic acid and other compounds was studied by chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. During incubation of all tested fungi, a small fraction of the 3-CCA was hydroxylated to 7-hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxylic acid and a major fraction of the 3-CCA was metabolized by fungi to 2-(2-hydroxybenzyl)malonic acid. In most cultures the concentration of 3-CCA was below detection limit at the end of incubation. The fungal metabolism was suggested to be involved in the formation of 2-(2-hydroxybenzyl)malonic acid from 3-CCA, consequently making this method of hydroxyl radical detection less suitable to use on cultures of wood-decaying fungi.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-6496(03)00213-7
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plant pathogens Mitochondrial control of fungal hybrid virulence (2001)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 411 (2001), S. 438-438 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Hybrid species of fungal pathogens that infect wild and cultivated plants are emerging with new virulence and host ranges, posing a threat to agriculture and forestry. Here we show that the virulence of hybrid species of the basidiomycete fungus Heterobasidion annosum (Fr) Bref, a causal agent ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35078147
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of resource availability on mycelial interactions and 32P transfer between a saprotrophic and an ectomycorrhizal fungus in soil microcosms (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 38 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Interactions between mycelia of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Suillus variegatus and the wood decomposing fungus Hypholoma fasciculare were studied in soil microcosms. The ectomycorrhizal mycelium extended from Pinus sylvestris seedlings and the saprotrophic fungus grew out into the soil from birch wood blocks of two alternative sizes. Transfer of 32P between the interacting mycelia was measured non-destructively using electronic autoradiography. The outcome of the interactions was clearly affected by the size of the wood blocks. In systems with large wood blocks (1.6 cm3) the wood decomposer fungus overgrew the mycelium of the mycorrhizal fungus whereas in systems with small wood blocks (0.44 cm3) the mycorrhizal mycelium overgrew the wood decomposer fungus. The saprotrophic fungus was able to capture significantly more 32P from labelled mycorrhizal mycelium when growing out from larger wood blocks. The mycorrhizal fungus was able to capture significantly more 32P from labelled saprotrophic mycelium when the wood blocks were smaller.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2001.tb00880.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The importance of inoculum size for the competitive ability of wood decomposing fungi (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 12 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Competition among wood decay fungi was studied with a technique using sectors of various sizes of 8 cm diameter wood discs. The sectors representing 8–92% of the discs were precolonized by Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref., Resinicium bicolor (Alb. & Schw. ex Fr.) Parm, Phanerochaete sanguinea (Fr.) Hjortstam and Coniophora sp. DC. ex Me'rat before they were combined pairwise in close contact on top of water agar in 9 cm Petri dishes. Discs were regularly inspected for mycelial overgrowth and after 10 weeks mycelia were reisolated. Competitive success, measured as the replacement of the opposing fungus, was generally greatest for mycelia with sectors representing 92% of a disc and smallest for 8% sectors. R bicolor was the most, and H. annosum the least, competitive of the species investigated. The results indicate that mycelial size could be one major factor influencing the competitive success in nature. However, when paired on nutrient agar, the results of the interactions between the four species did not correspond to those in wood discs
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1993.tb00029.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffuse competition for heterogeneous substrate in soil among six species of wood-decomposing basidiomycetes (1996)
    Springer
    Oecologia 106 (1996), S. 531-538 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Secondary resource capture ; Fungal competition ; Heterobasidion annosum ; Resinicium bicolor ; Hypholoma capnoides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Competition among six wood decay fungi was studied using 15×15 mm wood blocks placed in 250×250 mm plastic trays filled with unsterilized sand or clay. The wood blocks were preinoculated with Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref., Resinicium bicolor (Alb. & Schw. ex Fr.) Parm., Phanerochaete sanguinea (Fr.) Hjortstam, Coniophora sp. DC. ex Me"rat, Armillaria borealis Marxmuller and Korhonen and Hypholoma capnoides (Fr.) Kummer before they were combined in all possible combinations in the trays. Two methods were used, one with all wood blocks inoculated, and one with sterilized non-inoculated wood blocks distributed between the inoculated ones. Wood blocks preinoculated with the six species were also used in a pairwise competition test. Following incubation for 9 months in darkness at 21°C, mycelia were reisolated and identified. R. bicolor was most successful at invading through the soil and replacing other species in the wood blocks. P. sanguinea, Coniophora sp. and H. capnoides also had some success.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00329712
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  • 7
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    Biotic homogenization can decrease landscape-scale forest multifunctionality (2016)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-15
    Description: Many experiments have shown that local biodiversity loss impairs the ability of ecosystems to maintain multiple ecosystem functions at high levels (multifunctionality). In contrast, the role of biodiversity in driving ecosystem multifunctionality at landscape scales remains unresolved. We used a comprehensive pan-European dataset, including 16 ecosystem functions measured in 209 forest plots across six European countries, and performed simulations to investigate how local plot-scale richness of tree species (α-diversity) and their turnover between plots (β-diversity) are related to landscape-scale multifunctionality. After accounting for variation in environmental conditions, we found that relationships between α-diversity and landscape-scale multifunctionality varied from positive to negative depending on the multifunctionality metric used. In contrast, when significant, relationships between β-diversity and landscape-scale multifunctionality were always positive, because a high spatial turnover in species composition was closely related to a high spatial turnover in functions that were supported at high levels. Our findings have major implications for forest management and indicate that biotic homogenization can have previously unrecognized and negative consequences for large-scale ecosystem multifunctionality.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 8
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    Effects of clear-cutting, thinning, and wood moisture content on the susceptibility of Norway spruce stumps to Heterobasidion annosum (1998)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0045-5067
    Electronic ISSN: 1208-6037
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Canadian Science Publishing
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  • 9
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    Long-term effects of mechanized stump treatment against Heterobasidion annosum root rot in Picea abies (2010)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-06-01
    Description: Airborne Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. sensu lato infections can be controlled by winter thinning or by mechanically spreading urea or Phlebiopsis gigantea (Fr.) Jülich spores on stump surfaces during summer thinning operations. The long-term outcomes of these control methods when applied as part of the conventional forest operations are unclear. We studied the rot incidence and population structure of H. annosum in plots of Picea abies (L.) Karst. thinned in winter or thinned in summer with and without treatment of the stumps. Plots were distributed among 11 stands in Sweden representing two different land use histories: forest and agricultural. After 13 years, the effect of stump treatment on rot incidence was only evident in stands on former agricultural land. In stands planted on former forest land with higher levels of preexisting rot than on former agricultural land, the expansion of preexisting genets of H. annosum might have masked the effects of stump protection. In former forest land, unprotected summer plots showed a greater diversity of H. annosum genotypes and a smaller number of trees infected by each genet than in protected plots, suggesting that protection treatments prevented the establishment of new genets, which may result in a reduced rot incidence in the future.
    Print ISSN: 0045-5067
    Electronic ISSN: 1208-6037
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Canadian Science Publishing
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  • 10
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    Effects of clear-cutting, thinning, and wood moisture content on the susceptibility of Norway spruce stumps to Heterobasidion annosum (1998)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-05-01
    Description: The effects of clear-cutting and thinning as well as heartwood and sapwood moisture content on spore infection by Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. were investigated in summer cuttings in southern and central Sweden. At five sites, 20-100 stumps in clear-cut, thinned, and precommercially thinned stands of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) were created and left for natural spore infection. An additional 20 stumps per stump type and site were artificially inoculated with conidiospores of H. annosum. The probability of natural infection was 0.73 and 0.53 for stumps in thinned and clear-cut stands, respectively. Almost all (95%) of the artificially inoculated stumps in thinned and clear-cut stands became colonized, and no differences due to stump type were found. The probability of infection of stumps in precommercially thinned stands was lower than for the other stump types of both naturally and artificially inoculated stumps. The proportion of colonized sapwood was reduced with increasing moisture content. Stump colonization seemed unaffected by temperature, even though stump temperatures exceeded 40°C for 2 h at one site.
    Print ISSN: 0045-5067
    Electronic ISSN: 1208-6037
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Canadian Science Publishing
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